27 Questions
What is the first-line prophylaxis therapy for acute or recurrent urinary tract infections?
Nitrofurantoin
Which drug is used to treat enteric infections in small animals?
Furazolidone
Which drug was discovered to cause ovarian and mammary tumors in non-food animals?
Nitrofurazone
Which of the following drugs is banned for use in food animals in the EU, USA, and Canada?
Ronidazole
Which drug is considered first-line prophylaxis therapy for urinary tract infections but has little to no activity against Proteus and none whatsoever against Pseudomonas?
Nitrofurantoin
What is the mechanism by which nitrofurazone causes ovarian and mammary tumors in non-food animals?
By inducing oxidative DNA damage through its metabolites
Which of the following drugs is NOT absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract?
Furazolidone
Which class of drugs have antimicrobial activity against both anaerobic bacteria and protozoa?
Nitroimidazoles
Which drug is first-line prophylaxis therapy for urinary tract infections but has little to no activity against Proteus and none whatsoever against Pseudomonas?
Nitrofurantoin
Which drugs are banned for use in food animals in the EU, USA, and Canada?
Nitrofurantoin and nitrofurazone
Which of the following breeds is predisposed to hypersensitivity due to their reduced ability to detoxify hydroxylamine groups?
German shepherd
What condition can occur due to prolonged use of some sulfonamides?
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
Which drug combination is known as potentiated sulfonamide?
Sulfonamide + folic acid antimetabolite
Which type of reaction in dogs occurs due to hydroxylamine metabolite?
Hepatitis
What is the cytotoxic metabolite formed by oxidation that can lead to hypersensitivity reactions in dogs?
Hydroxylamine
Which GI disturbance can be caused by sulfonamides?
Photosensitivity
What can occur due to the prolonged use of sulfasalazine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis?
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
What is the cytotoxic metabolite formed by oxidation that can lead to hypersensitivity reactions in dogs?
Hydroxylamine
Which breeds are predisposed to hypersensitivity due to their reduced ability to detoxify hydroxylamine groups?
Dobermanns and Pinschers
What can occur due to prolonged use of sulfasalazine for the treatment of ulcerative colitis?
KCS (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca)
Which drugs are banned for use in food animals in the EU, USA, and Canada due to their potential to cause ovarian and mammary tumors?
Folic acid and Nitrofurazone
Which drug, when used in conjunction with antimetabolites of the folic group, achieves an extra-powerful effect due to potentiation?
Sulfasalazine
What do sulphonamides work in conjunction with in order to achieve an extra-powerful effect?
Antimetabolites of the folic group
Which condition can occur due to prolonged use of some sulfonamides?
Photosensitivity
What type of reaction in dogs occurs due to hydroxylamine metabolite?
Polyarthritis
What is the mechanism by which potentiated sulfonamide achieves an extra-powerful effect?
Combining with antimetabolites of the folic group
Which class of drugs have antimicrobial activity against both anaerobic bacteria and protozoa?
Sulfonamides
Test your knowledge on microbial cross-resistance, where microbes develop resistance to multiple drugs, often from a similar chemical class, due to shared resistance mechanisms and genetic mutations. Explore the concept of resistance emergence through chromosomal mutations.
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