Microbial Cell Structure and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum magnification of a light microscope?

  • 1,000,000X
  • 10,000X
  • 100,000X
  • 1000X (correct)

What determines how easily cells can be seen in light microscopy?

  • Resolution
  • Refraction
  • Contrast (correct)
  • Magnification

Which type of microscope uses UV light and fluorescent substances to visualize cells or materials?

  • Dark-Field microscope
  • Phase-Contrast microscope
  • Transmission Electron microscope
  • Fluorescence microscope (correct)

What is the drawback of electron microscopes?

<p>Lens and specimen are in a vacuum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope depends on differences in refractive index and uses two beams of light to create a three-dimensional appearance of the specimen?

<p>Differential Interference Contrast microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microscope uses special optics to amplify the difference between the refractive index of dense material and the surrounding medium?

<p>Phase-Contrast microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that determines how easily cells can be seen in light microscopy?

<p>Contrast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microscope uses a dark background and directs light toward the specimen at an angle to increase contrast?

<p>Dark-Field microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum magnification of an electron microscope?

<p>More than 100,000X (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microscope uses electromagnetic lenses and electrons instead of light to magnify a million times?

<p>Electron microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Gram staining?

<p>To differentiate bacteria into two groups based on cell wall characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes acid-fast staining from other staining methods?

<p>It is used to detect Mycobacterium with high concentrations of mycolic acid in the cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of capsule staining?

<p>To visualize the protective outer layer of certain bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of endospore staining?

<p>To visualize dormant forms of certain bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flagella staining?

<p>To visualize the motility structures of bacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fluorescent dyes and tags in staining?

<p>Some dyes bind to structures in all cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of Mycobacterium makes acid-fast staining necessary?

<p>High concentrations of mycolic acid in the cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is heat used in endospore staining?

<p>To facilitate uptake of the primary dye by endospores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of India ink in capsule staining?

<p>To create a dark background for better visualization of capsules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Gram stain procedure?

<p>To differentiate bacteria into two groups based on cell wall characteristics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes flagella staining from other staining methods?

<p>It is used to visualize the motility structures of bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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