Microbes and Microorganisms Overview
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Questions and Answers

What Latin word does 'germ' come from?

  • Microorganisms
  • Germen (correct)
  • Germinate
  • Photosynthesis

    • Which of the following is NOT included in microorganisms?

  • Bacteria
  • Fish (correct)
  • Microscopic algae
  • Protozoa

    • What do viruses help maintain in our environment?

  • Water supply
  • Atmospheric pressure
  • Balance of life (correct)
  • Seasonal temperatures

    • In which process do soil microbes incorporate nitrogen gas from the air into organic compounds?

    <p>Nitrogen fixation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for microbes that live stably in and on the human body?

    <p>Microbiome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria in our intestines aid in digestion and synthesize some essential vitamins?

    <p>E. coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants and animals?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major pollutant found in sewage?

    <p>Human excrement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sewage treatment plants primarily remove from sewage?

    <p>Suspended solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process uses bacteria to clean up pollutants produced by industrial processes?

    <p>Bioremediation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique has been used to produce natural proteins, vaccines, and enzymes in biotechnology?

    <p>Recombinant DNA technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of inserting a missing gene or replacing a defective one in human cells called?

    <p>Gene therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of carbon for photosynthetic protozoa like Euglena?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of algae?

    <p>Require organic compounds from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of algae in the balance of nature?

    <p>Producing oxygen and carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microbial group is considered acellular and contains either DNA or RNA as its core nucleic acid?

    <p>Viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do viruses reproduce?

    <p>Through cellular machinery of other organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about helminths is true?

    <p>During some stages, helminths are microscopic in size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major groups of parasites are collectively known as helminths?

    <p>Flatworms and roundworms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria in biofilms become resistant to antibiotics?

    <p>Bacteria stick to solid surfaces, forming a slimy layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the development of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs)?

    <p>Exposure to known diseases in regions with deforestation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are antibiotic-resistant bacteria considered a global health crisis?

    <p>Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to their prevalence and resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does fever play in destroying microbes?

    <p>Fever enhances the immune response against harmful microbes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can biofilms be both beneficial and harmful?

    <p>They provide food for aquatic animals and clog water pipes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of biofilms on medical implants?

    <p>Bacteria breaking away from biofilms can cause infections on the implants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of bacteria in the human body?

    <p>To help train the immune system and prevent growth of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of fungi?

    <p>Their cell walls are composed primarily of chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of Archaea compared to bacteria?

    <p>They lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do most bacteria obtain their nutrition?

    <p>By using organic chemicals derived from dead or living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of Archaea is known to live in extremely salty environments?

    <p>Extreme halophiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fungi and most plants?

    <p>Fungi cannot carry out photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do protozoa move?

    <p>By using extensions of their cytoplasm called pseudopods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Protozoa from Fungi?

    <p>Protozoa obtain nourishment from living hosts, while Fungi absorb organic material from their environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bacteria reproduce?

    <p>By binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of bacterial cell walls?

    <p>Peptidoglycan</p> Signup and view all the answers

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