Microbes and Microorganisms Overview
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Questions and Answers

What Latin word does 'germ' come from?

  • Microorganisms
  • Germen (correct)
  • Germinate
  • Photosynthesis

Which of the following is NOT included in microorganisms?

  • Bacteria
  • Fish (correct)
  • Microscopic algae
  • Protozoa

What do viruses help maintain in our environment?

  • Water supply
  • Atmospheric pressure
  • Balance of life (correct)
  • Seasonal temperatures

In which process do soil microbes incorporate nitrogen gas from the air into organic compounds?

<p>Nitrogen fixation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for microbes that live stably in and on the human body?

<p>Microbiome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria in our intestines aid in digestion and synthesize some essential vitamins?

<p>E. coli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What converts atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants and animals?

<p>Bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major pollutant found in sewage?

<p>Human excrement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do sewage treatment plants primarily remove from sewage?

<p>Suspended solids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process uses bacteria to clean up pollutants produced by industrial processes?

<p>Bioremediation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technique has been used to produce natural proteins, vaccines, and enzymes in biotechnology?

<p>Recombinant DNA technology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of inserting a missing gene or replacing a defective one in human cells called?

<p>Gene therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of carbon for photosynthetic protozoa like Euglena?

<p>Carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of algae?

<p>Require organic compounds from the environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of algae in the balance of nature?

<p>Producing oxygen and carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microbial group is considered acellular and contains either DNA or RNA as its core nucleic acid?

<p>Viruses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses reproduce?

<p>Through cellular machinery of other organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about helminths is true?

<p>During some stages, helminths are microscopic in size. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major groups of parasites are collectively known as helminths?

<p>Flatworms and roundworms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria in biofilms become resistant to antibiotics?

<p>Bacteria stick to solid surfaces, forming a slimy layer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the development of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs)?

<p>Exposure to known diseases in regions with deforestation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are antibiotic-resistant bacteria considered a global health crisis?

<p>Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to their prevalence and resistance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does fever play in destroying microbes?

<p>Fever enhances the immune response against harmful microbes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can biofilms be both beneficial and harmful?

<p>They provide food for aquatic animals and clog water pipes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of biofilms on medical implants?

<p>Bacteria breaking away from biofilms can cause infections on the implants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of bacteria in the human body?

<p>To help train the immune system and prevent growth of pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of fungi?

<p>Their cell walls are composed primarily of chitin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of Archaea compared to bacteria?

<p>They lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do most bacteria obtain their nutrition?

<p>By using organic chemicals derived from dead or living organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of Archaea is known to live in extremely salty environments?

<p>Extreme halophiles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between fungi and most plants?

<p>Fungi cannot carry out photosynthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do protozoa move?

<p>By using extensions of their cytoplasm called pseudopods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Protozoa from Fungi?

<p>Protozoa obtain nourishment from living hosts, while Fungi absorb organic material from their environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria reproduce?

<p>By binary fission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of bacterial cell walls?

<p>Peptidoglycan (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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