Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who coined the terms 'microeconomics' and 'macroeconomics'?
Who coined the terms 'microeconomics' and 'macroeconomics'?
- David Ricardo
- Adam Smith
- Ragnar Frisch (correct)
- Paul Samuelson
Microeconomics is concerned with the aggregate economy.
Microeconomics is concerned with the aggregate economy.
False (B)
The term 'macro' is derived from the Greek word meaning ______.
The term 'macro' is derived from the Greek word meaning ______.
large
Name one contributor to the development of microeconomics.
Name one contributor to the development of microeconomics.
Match the following economists with their contributions:
Match the following economists with their contributions:
Who is credited with the development of the macroeconomic approach?
Who is credited with the development of the macroeconomic approach?
Microeconomics focuses on the economic behavior of entire economies.
Microeconomics focuses on the economic behavior of entire economies.
What is the main focus of microeconomics?
What is the main focus of microeconomics?
Microeconomics includes the study of individual ____ and ____ in the economy.
Microeconomics includes the study of individual ____ and ____ in the economy.
Match the following theories with their primary focus:
Match the following theories with their primary focus:
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Study Notes
Introduction
- Micro and macro economics are the two main branches of modern economics
- "Micro" comes from the Greek word "Mikros" meaning small
- "Macro" comes from the Greek word "Makros" meaning large
- The terms were coined by Ragnar Frisch in 1933
History of Microeconomics
- Microeconomics is traditional and was developed first
- Ancient roots are in the work of Classical Economists such as Adam Smith, David Ricardo, J.S. Mill
- Popularized by Alfred Marshall in his book "Principles of Economics" published in 1890
History of Macroeconomics
- Macroeconomics existed before Microeconomics
- Advocated by Mercantilists in the 16th and 17th centuries
- Physiocrats in the 18th century analyzed national income
- Classical economists also considered national income
- Macro analysis remained combined with micro analysis until the Great Depression
- Keynes' "General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money" (1936) promoted macroeconomics
- Keynes, Malthus, Wicksell, Walras, and Irving Fisher contributed to macroeconomics
Meaning of Microeconomics
- "Micro" refers to a small part of something
- Studies the economic actions of individual units, such as consumers, producers, a single commodity, or a factor
Definitions of Microeconomics
- Maurice Dobb: “Micro economics is in fact a microscopic study of the economy.”
- A.P. Lerner: “Micro economics consists of looking at the economy through a microscope, as it were, to see how the millions of cells in the body of economy - the individuals or households as consumers and individuals or firms as producers play their part in the working of the whole economic organism.”
Scope of Microeconomics
- Theory of Product Pricing: The price of a single good is determined by demand and supply forces
- Theory of Factor Pricing: Microeconomics determines the rewards for factors of production (land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship)
- Theory of Economic Welfare: Deals with efficiency in resource allocation, resulting in maximized satisfaction
- Efficiency in production
- Efficiency in consumption
- Overall economic efficiency
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