مهارات الكتابة وأهميتها

• This document is titled "Writing Skills".

Introduction

• The Arabic language was chosen by God to be the language for both the Quran and Sunnah.
• This choice indicates the language possesses intrinsic wisdom and comprehensive knowledge.
• God selects some creations over others like angels, prophets, certain times such as Ramadan, places such as Mecca and Medina.

The Importance of Writing Skills

• The world experiences rapid changes requiring adaptation in various life aspects.
• Globalization diminishes geographical, political, economic, cultural, intellectual, and behavioral barriers.
• Globalization weakens many languages including Arabic.
• Foreign languages, especially English, dominate through media, the internet, satellite channels, economic products, and education.
• Local private sector entities increasingly use non-Arabic languages, especially English.
• Many Arabic speakers neglect their native language and focus on learning other languages.
• The Arabic language skills weaken among the present Arab generation in speaking, writing, comprehension, etc.
• Arabic phrases are used within media in both Arabic and non-Arabic scripts.
• The spread of colloquial dialects happens in many areas of life including writing.
• The Arabic Language Department presents this material to university students, reviewing essential writing rules.
• This includes diverse texts, strong language, and an easy style.
• This book aims to improve the writing skills.
• It provides writing exercises to enhance knowledge and skills, addressing language weaknesses in writing and reading.

Course Structure

• The course is structured into weekly units focusing on key writing skills
• Week 1: Introduction, aims, and study approach, writing همزة (hamza) .
• Week 2: Omission and addition of letters in words, writing Alif, Taa, and Haa.
• Week 3: Selecting eloquent words and structures.
• Week 4: Usage of linguistic dictionaries.
• Week 5: Writing and editing text.
• Week 6: Monthly exam.
• Weeks 7 & 8: The Articla.
• Week 9: Functional and Administrative Writing Skills.
• Week 10: Report Writing skills.

Lecture 1

• Introduction to course content and objectives, providing students with a direction for the course subjects.
• Introducing students to Arabic language importance and both types of writing: drawing letters, words and sentences.
• Also includes emphasis on Arabic editing importance.
• Students will be divided into groups considering their differences during lecturing, exercising and training situations.

Writing Hamzas

• How to write همزة al-Wasl and al-Qata’a.
• Identifying the differences between الهمزة and الألف.
• The Arabic student will improve the writing of الهمزة at the beginning of any word.
• Student will have some exercises to practice how to improve and correct the wrong writing of some همزة to get high scores.

Alif vs Al-Hamza

• Al-Hamza is a sound from the deepest part of the throat (larynx
• Alif, is an extension of the sound resulting.
• Al-Hamza appears at the beginning, middle, and end of a word, like أكرم، سأل، بدأ.
• Alif does appear at the beginning of words and also appears in the middle and at the end such as نال ، سما ، سعى .
• Hamza accept all vowels; al-Hamza itself in silent as in إنابة، أنيب.
• Alif has its own written form, the vertical stroke (ا), whereas al-Hamza is written using the small letter ع above or below the line.

Hamza Definition

• Al-Wassal: connector that it sound when start a word.
• Al-Qata’a: appears always whether it is in the beginning, in the middle (such us أقبل) , it always indicate its vowel .
• The profit of Al-Wassal to make the pronounciation easier (the Arabs start a pronounciation with a vowel ).
• Al-Hamza and al-Qata’a always move, so that is what make the pronounciation easier.

Al-Wassal location

• Active verb in a command form from a verb consist from a three letters verb as in : رسم - ارْسُمْ، كَتَبَ - اكْتُبْ ذَهَبَ اذْهَبْ
• Verb consisting of (past, command, source) added to the previous verb by two letters , such in اجتمع , اجتماع استماع.
• Verb consisting of (past, command, source) added to the previous verb by three letters , such as : استمع، استماع، استغفار.
• Verb consisting of (past, command, source) added.
• In some names such in: ابن ابنة، and the plural forms .
• The (al) word to write anything if they start with al as in the الجامعة، المكتبة.

Al-Qata’a location

• Verb consisting of (past, command, source): .أسرع.
• Letters: such as : إنْ.
• All the names except :اسم، است ، ابن، ابنة.
• All verbs that start with همزة المضارعة and always a pronoun such as : أستغفر.

Location of al-Wassal exercises

• Questions of where to place words depending on its pronounciation with al-Wassal letter or not.
• This section of the document also talks about writing questions with correct word choices that may be wrong and will be corrected after.

How to write the medial and the terminal (at the end ) همزة

• A student could differentiate between the همزة in the middle and at the end of the word.
• General goals to improve student writing and exercises to get high scores with همزة.
• The strength of the vowels will determine who which letter should the همزة should refer to between:
• The (ئـ ) that is for words such as: مطمئن ,سُئل ,مبتدئين ,ناشئين.
• The ( ؤ) that is for words such as: سؤال، مسؤولية،المؤمنون، شؤون .
• A the regular (أ) for words such as : سأل، مسألة ,رَأْسِ، تَأَمَل .

Examples

• قال تعالى: كَم مِّن فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِـإِذْنِ اللَّهِ -The همزة in the middle is the ي .
• قال تعالى: إِنَّ السَّمْعَ وَالْبَصَرَ وَالْفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُولَئِكَ كَانَ عَنْهُ مَسْـئُولًا where the همزة is (ؤ) ( wow).
• It said in the rules, (alif) that (أ)- سَأَلَ ,where the همزة is (ا) .

Some exemption of the Rules.

• The Al-Hamza which move with Al-Fat-ha or Al-Damma after quite letter (yaa) should be placed on (ئـ)
• the Al-Hamza which move with Al-Fat-ha or Al-Damma after quite letter (waw- و ) should be separated over the line. -The Al-Hamza al-maftuha ( الفتحة ) after Alif which being separate from the above sentences should become (trsm) separated over the line.
• some exercise questions .

How to write with last letter همزة that is called (الهمزة المتطرفة).

• The rule is to always look at the vowels in all Arabic letters, as stated and it must be written.
• The vowel comes and places an empty space above like this.
• The (الكسرة) make sure you use another ( الياء or similar to it ( ى