10 Questions
What is the primary focus of leadership research in the early twentieth century?
Trait theories
What is the term for a leadership style that emphasizes interpersonal relationships and taking care of employees' needs?
Employee-oriented
What is the name of the famous motivation theory that categorizes human needs into a hierarchical structure?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
What is the term for a leadership style that involves structuring work and work relationships to meet job goals?
Initiating structure
What is the main difference between 'high-high' leaders and others?
Their achievement of high subordinate performance and satisfaction
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what is the most basic need that must be satisfied first?
Physiological needs
What happens to a need once it is substantially satisfied, according to Maslow's theory?
It no longer motivates
What type of needs are satisfied internally, according to Maslow?
Higher-order needs
What is the highest level of need in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Self-actualization needs
Why is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory widely popular among practicing managers?
Because it is easy to understand and intuitive
Study Notes
Leadership
- A leader is someone who can influence others and has managerial authority, and leadership is the process of leading a group and influencing that group to achieve its goals.
- Researchers have been studying leadership since the early 20th century, focusing on the leader's traits and behaviors.
Leadership Theories
- Trait Theories: focus on the leader's personal characteristics and traits.
- Behavior Theories: focus on how the leader interacts with their group members.
- Democratic leadership style: involves subordinates, delegates authority, and encourages participation.
- Considerate leadership style: shows consideration for followers' ideas and feelings.
- Initiating Structure leadership style: structures work and work relationships to meet job goals.
- High-High leader: high in consideration and high in initiating structure, achieves high subordinate performance and satisfaction.
- Employee-oriented leadership style: emphasizes interpersonal relationships and takes care of employees' needs.
- Production-oriented leadership style: emphasizes technical or task aspects of a job.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory proposes that within every person is a hierarchy of five needs:
- Physiological needs (e.g., food, shelter, sleep)
- Safety needs (e.g., security, protection from harm)
- Social needs (e.g., affection, belongingness, acceptance)
- Esteem needs (e.g., self-respect, autonomy, achievement, recognition)
- Self-actualization needs (e.g., growth, achieving one's potential)
- Each level must be substantially satisfied before the next need becomes dominant.
- Managers can satisfy employees' needs, but remember that once a need is satisfied, it no longer motivates.
This quiz covers the concept of leadership in management, including the definition, roles, and functions of a leader, from a managerial perspective.
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