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Questions and Answers

What is the formula to convert centimeters to meters?

  • $ \text{Length in m} = \frac{\text{Length in cm}}{10} $
  • $ \text{Length in m} = \frac{\text{Length in cm}}{100} $ (correct)
  • $ \text{Length in m} = \text{Length in cm} \times 100 $
  • $ \text{Length in m} = \text{Length in cm} \times 10 $

If a recipe calls for 500 ml of milk, how many cups is this equivalent to?

  • 1 cup
  • 3 cups
  • 2 cups (correct)
  • 2.5 cups

Which instrument is most suitable for measuring the distance travelled by a car?

  • Measuring tape
  • Trundle wheel
  • Ruler
  • Odometer (correct)

What is the formula for calculating the perimeter of a square, given the length of one side?

<p>$P = 4 \times \text{side}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a rectangle with a length of 5 meters and a width of 3 meters?

<p>15 square meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many grams are in 2.5 kilograms?

<p>2,500 grams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume in liters of 3500 ml?

<p>3.5 liters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A baker uses 3 tablespoons of vanilla extract in a cake recipe. How many milliliters of vanilla extract are used?

<p>45 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the perimeter of a rectangular garden that measures 8 meters in length and 5 meters in width?

<p>26 meters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a circle with a radius of 4 cm?

<p>50.265 cm² (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many kilometers are equivalent to 450,000 centimeters?

<p>4.5 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A container holds 7.5 liters of water. How many milliliters is this?

<p>7,500 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a truck weighs 3.2 tonnes, what is its weight in kilograms?

<p>3,200 kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the diameter of a circle that has a radius of 12 cm?

<p>24 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A field measures 250 meters in length and 150 meters in width. What is the area of the field in square kilometers?

<p>0.0375 km² (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A triangular sail has a base of 6 meters and a height of 8 meters. If the material costs $15 per square meter, what is the total cost of the sail?

<p>$360 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liquid A has a volume of 2 liters and costs $5 per liter. Liquid B has a volume of 3500 ml and costs $4 per liter. What is the difference in the total cost between Liquid A and Liquid B?

<p>$3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circular pond has a circumference of 62.84 meters. What is the area of the pond?

<p>Approximately 314.16 $m^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recipe requires 2 cups of flour, 1 tbsp of baking powder, and 1 tsp of salt. What is the total volume of these dry ingredients in milliliters?

<p>520 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to fence a rectangular garden that is 15 meters long and 10 meters wide. The fencing costs $25 per meter. If you have a $50 discount coupon, what will be the final cost of the fencing?

<p>$1150 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A spherical water tank has a diameter of 4 meters. If 1 $m^3$ holds 1000 liters, and you need to fill the tank to 75% capacity, how many liters of water are required?

<p>Approximately 12,566 liters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer has a rectangular field and wants to plant wheat costing $3 per square meter and corn costing $5 per square meter. The field is 200 meters long and 150 meters wide. The farmer decides to plant wheat on half the field and corn on the other half. The farmer gets a 10% discount on purchasing the seed. What is the total cost of planting the field?

<p>$157,500 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two circles are drawn such that circle A has a radius of 5 cm and circle B has a diameter of 16 cm. The circles are joined by a rectangle which has a length equal to sum of the radii of both circles, and width equal to radius of Circle A. What is the total area of the resulting shape?

<p>587.52 $cm^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit of length is equivalent to one-hundredth of a meter?

<p>Centimeter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To convert a measurement from milliliters (ml) to liters (l), which operation should be performed?

<p>Divide by 1000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is most appropriate for measuring the length of a notebook?

<p>Ruler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the perimeter of a square with sides measuring 7 cm each?

<p>28 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the formula used to calculate the area of a triangle.

<p>$A = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many grams are there in 4.8 kilograms?

<p>4800 g (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What volume in liters is equivalent to 6500 ml?

<p>6.5 liters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recipe requires 2 tablespoons of spice. How many milliliters is this?

<p>30 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the perimeter of a rectangle that is 9 meters long and 6 meters wide?

<p>30 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a circle with a radius of 5 cm? (Use $\pi = 3.142$)

<p>78.55 $cm^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A container holds 12.5 liters of juice. How many milliliters is this?

<p>12500 ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a car weighs 1.8 tonnes, what is its weight in kilograms?

<p>1800 kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of a circle that has a radius of 9 cm?

<p>18 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A rectangular garden measures 30 meters in length and 20 meters in width. What is the area of the garden in square kilometers?

<p>0.0006 $km^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A triangular piece of land has a base of 120 meters and a height of 80 meters. If land costs $200 per square meter, what is the total cost of the land?

<p>$960,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liquid X has a volume of 5 liters and costs $3 per liter. Liquid Y has a volume of 6000 ml and costs $2 per liter. What is the difference in the total cost between Liquid Y and Liquid X?

<p>Liquid Y costs $3 more than Liquid X (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circular garden has a circumference of 31.42 meters. What is the radius of the garden? (Use $\pi = 3.142$)

<p>5 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recipe requires 1.5 cups of water, 0.5 cups of oil, and 125 ml of lemon juice. What is the total volume of liquid ingredients in milliliters?

<p>625 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to fence a square garden with sides of 12 meters each. The fencing costs $30 per meter. What will be the total cost of the fencing?

<p>$1440 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cylindrical tank has a volume of 5 $m^3$. If 1 $m^3$ holds 1000 liters, and you need to fill the tank to 60% capacity, how many liters of water are required?

<p>3000 liters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer has a rectangular field 300 meters long and 200 meters wide. He plants potatoes on 1/3 of the field and carrots on the rest. What area is planted with carrots?

<p>40,000 $m^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two squares are joined such that square A has a side of 4 cm and square B has a side of 6 cm. They are joined edge to edge to form a rectangle. What is the perimeter of the resulting rectangle?

<p>40 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal human body temperature range in Celsius?

<p>36°C - 37°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a unit of volume?

<p>Kilogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C, what is the temperature difference between the boiling and freezing points of water in Celsius?

<p>100°C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A large platform scale would be most suitable for measuring the weight of which of the following?

<p>Bulky boxes in a warehouse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly represents the conversion of grams (g) to milligrams (mg)?

<p>$ \text{Weight in mg} = \text{Weight in g} \times 1000 $ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of converting 4567 grams to kilograms?

<p>4.567 kg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What formula is used to convert liters to kiloliters?

<p>$ \text{Volume in kl} = \frac{\text{Volume in l}}{1000} $ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many milliliters are there in 3.75 liters?

<p>3750 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a rectangular garden has a length of 12 meters and a width of 8 meters, what is its perimeter?

<p>40 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circle has a radius of 7 meters. What is its circumference? (Use $ \pi = 3.142 $)

<p>43.99 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is most suitable for measuring the perimeter of a circular flower bed?

<p>Measuring Tape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An outdoor thermometer displayed a temperature of 25°C. What would be a reasonable description of the weather?

<p>Mild (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a triangle with a base of 10 cm and a height of 15 cm?

<p>75 $cm^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A field is measured to be 500 meters long and 300 meters wide. What is the area of this field in square kilometers?

<p>0.15 $km^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct conversion of 5.2 tonnes into grams?

<p>5,200,000 g (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recipe calls for 2 cups of flour. How many milliliters of flour are needed?

<p>500 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circular rug has a diameter of 3 meters. What is its area? (Use $ \pi = 3.142 $)

<p>7.07 $m^2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You have a water tank that holds 2 kiloliters of water. If you use 750 liters, how much water is left in the tank?

<p>1.25 kiloliters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a square has a perimeter of 36 cm, what is its area?

<p>81 $cm^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A rectangular plot of land is 400 meters long and 250 meters wide. If the price is $8 per square meter, what is the total cost of the plot?

<p>$800,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most accurate instrument to measure the external temperature for a scientific experiment requiring precise readings?

<p>Outdoor thermometer with maximum and minimum readings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A baker uses 1.5 tablespoons of vanilla extract in one batch of cookies. If they are making 3 batches, how many milliliters of vanilla extract do they need?

<p>67.5 ml (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cylindrical container has a radius of 0.5 meters and a height of 2 meters. What is its volume in liters? (Use $ \pi = 3.142 $)

<p>1571 liters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer wants to fence a triangular field. The sides of the field measure 150 meters, 200 meters, and 250 meters. If fencing costs $12.50 per meter, what will be the total cost of the fence?

<p>$7,500 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A room is 5 meters long and 4 meters wide. You want to cover it with square tiles that are 20 cm by 20 cm. How many tiles do you need?

<p>500 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An irregularly shaped garden has an area that is estimated by overlaying a grid of 1 cm squares. If you count 300 full squares and 50 half squares within the garden's boundary, what is the estimated area of the garden?

<p>325 $cm^2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are planning a trip and expect to drive 500 km. Your car's odometer currently reads 25,500 km. What will the odometer read at the end of your trip?

<p>26,000 km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An artist is creating a mosaic using small, square tiles. Each tile measures 5 mm by 5 mm. If the mosaic is a square with sides measuring 20 cm, how many tiles are needed to complete the mosaic?

<p>1600 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine you're designing a garden in the shape of an equilateral triangle. You want to create a path that runs parallel to one side, dividing the garden into two regions: one triangular (for flowers) and one trapezoidal (for herbs). The original triangle has sides of 12 meters each, and the flower region has sides of 6 meters each. If you want to put a decorative fence around the herb section, how many meters of fencing will you need?

<p>30 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard unit of length in the metric system?

<p>Meter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To convert meters to centimeters, which operation should you perform?

<p>Multiply by 100 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is equivalent to 2500 milliliters?

<p>2.5 liters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the perimeter of a rectangle?

<p>$P = 2 imes (length + width)$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a square has a side length of 5 cm, what is its area?

<p>25 $cm^2$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is best suited for measuring the length of a football field?

<p>Trundle wheel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A recipe calls for 2 tablespoons of olive oil. How many milliliters is this?

<p>30 ml (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the perimeter of a rectangle that measures 10 meters in length and 6 meters in width?

<p>32 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liquid A has a volume of 3 liters and costs $4 per liter. Liquid B has a volume of 4500 ml and costs $3 per liter. What is the difference in the total cost between Liquid B and Liquid A?

<p>$1.50 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A circular pond has a circumference of 31.42 meters. What is the approximate area of the pond? (Use $\pi = 3.142$)

<p>78.55 $m^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to fence a rectangular garden that is 20 meters long and 12 meters wide. The fencing costs $30 per meter. If you have a $100 discount coupon, what will be the final cost of the fencing?

<p>$1820 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cylindrical water tank has a diameter of 6 meters and a height of 5 meters. If 1 $m^3$ holds 1000 liters, and you need to fill the tank to 50% capacity, how many liters of water are required? (Volume of cylinder = $\pi r^2 h$, use $\pi = 3.142$)

<p>70,695 liters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A farmer has a rectangular field and wants to plant wheat costing $4 per square meter and corn costing $6 per square meter. The field is 250 meters long and 180 meters wide. The farmer decides to plant wheat on one-third of the field and corn on the remaining area. What is the total cost of planting the field?

<p>$240,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two circles are drawn such that circle A has a radius of 6 cm and circle B has a diameter of 10 cm. The circles are placed next to each other such that their circumference touches. What is the distance between the centers of circle A and circle B?

<p>11 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit of volume is equivalent to one-thousandth of a liter?

<p>Milliliter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To convert a measurement from grams (g) to kilograms (kg), which operation should be performed?

<p>Divide by 1000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is most appropriate for measuring the weight of fruits at a grocery store?

<p>Market scales (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Length?

Distance between two points.

What is Volume?

Amount of space an object occupies.

What is Weight or Mass?

Measure of how heavy an object is.

What is (\text{mm}) to (\text{cm}) Conversion?

Converting millimeters to centimeters.

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What is (\text{cm}) to (\text{mm}) Conversion?

Converting centimeters to millimeters.

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What is (\text{cm}) to (\text{m}) Conversion?

Converting centimeters to meters.

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What is (\text{m}) to (\text{cm}) Conversion?

Converting meters to centimeters.

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What is (\text{m}) to (\text{km}) Conversion?

Converting meters to kilometers.

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What is (\text{km}) to (\text{m}) Conversion?

Converting kilometers to meters.

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What is (\text{ml}) to (\text{l}) Conversion?

Converting milliliters to liters.

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What is (\text{l}) to (\text{ml}) Conversion?

Converting liters to milliliters.

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What is (\text{l}) to (\text{kl}) Conversion?

Converting liters to kiloliters.

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What is (\text{kl}) to (\text{l}) Conversion?

Converting kiloliters to liters.

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What is (\text{mg}) to (\text{g}) Conversion?

Converting milligrams to grams.

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What is (\text{g}) to (\text{mg}) Conversion?

Converting grams to milligrams.

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What is (\text{g}) to (\text{kg}) Conversion?

Converting grams to kilograms.

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What is (\text{kg}) to (\text{g}) Conversion?

Converting kilograms to grams.

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What is (\text{kg}) to (\text{t}) Conversion?

Converting kilograms to tonnes.

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What is (\text{t}) to (\text{kg}) Conversion?

Converting tonnes to kilograms.

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How to convert cups to (\text{ml})?

Volume in (\text{mL} = \text{Volume in cups} \times 250)

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How to convert (\text{ml}) to cups?

Volume in (\text{cups} = \frac{\text{Volume in ml}}{250})

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What is (\text{Perimeter})?

Perimeter is the total length of the outside of a shape.

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What is (\text{Area})?

The area is the amount of space inside a 2D shape.

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What is the perimeter formula for a (\text{Rectangle})?

( P = 2 \times \text{length} + 2 \times \text{width} )

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What is the area formula for a (\text{Rectangle})?

( A = \text{length} \times \text{width} )

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What does an odometer measure?

Distance travelled by a vehicle.

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How to calculate total cost based on length?

Total cost is calculated by multiplying length needed by price per meter.

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How to calculate total cost based on weight?

Total cost is calculated by multiplying weight needed by price per kilogram.

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How to calculate total cost based on volume?

Total cost is calculated by multiplying volume needed by price per liter.

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What is circumference?

The perimeter of a circle.

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What defines a square?

A flat two-dimensional shape with all four sides equal in length and all adjacent sides at right angles (90°) to each other.

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What defines a rectangle?

A flat two-dimensional shape with both pairs of opposite sides equal in length and all adjacent sides at right angles (90°) to each other.

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What is a circle's radius?

The length from the center to any point on the edge of the circle.

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What is a circle's diameter?

The length from one edge of the circle to the other, passing through the center.

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What is capacity?

Measures the amount of liquid a container can hold when full.

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What is Pi (Ï€)?

A special mathematical constant approximately equal to 3.142, used to find the circumference and area of a circle.

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What is a perpendicular line?

A straight line that lies at an angle of 90° to a given line, plane, or surface.

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What is the formula for perimeter of a square?

The formula to calculate the perimeter of a square.

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What is the formula for the area of a square?

The formula to calculate the area of a square.

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What is the perimeter formula for a Triangle?

Formula: ( P = \text{side}_1 + \text{side}_2 + \text{side}_3 )

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What is the area formula for a Triangle?

Formula: ( A = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} )

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What is the circumference formula for a Circle?

Formula: ( C = \pi \times \text{diameter} )

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What is the area formula for a Circle?

Formula: ( A = \pi \times \text{radius}^2 )

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What is a trundle wheel?

A tool used to measure distance in meters.

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How to convert (tbsp) to (ml)?

The formula to convert tablespoons to milliliters.

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How to convert (ml) to (tbsp)?

The formula to convert milliliters to tablespoons.

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How to convert (tsp) to (ml)?

The formula to convert teaspoons to milliliters.

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How to convert (ml) to (tsp)?

The formula to convert milliliters to teaspoons.

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How many milligrams in a gram?

1000 milligrams (mg)

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How many grams in a kilogram?

1000 grams (g)

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What are cups, teaspoons, and tablespoons?

Recipes often use these for volume.

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How many milliliters in a cup?

1 cup equals 250 ml.

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What does a ruler measure?

Uses centimetres and millimetres to measure length.

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What does a measuring tape measure?

Uses centimetres and meters to measure length.

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What are kitchen scales used for?

Measure small quantities of food

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What is the typical volume of a measuring jug?

Commonly 1 Liter.

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What is 0°C?

Water freezes at this temperature.

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What is 100°C?

Water boils at this temperature.

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What is the normal human body temperature?

Normal range is between 36°C and 37°C

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What does 'perpendicular' mean?

A straight line that lies at 90° to another line.

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What are Analogue Thermometers?

Instruments used to measure human body temperature.

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What do Outdoor Thermometers measure?

Tools that measure external temperatures, showing max and min readings.

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What are Stove Dials?

Show relative temperature settings.

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What are Oven Dials?

Show actual temperature settings.

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What are Weather Reports?

Reports that provide temperatures for various locations.

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What are Market Scales?

Scales used to measure larger quantities of food.

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What are Bathroom Scales?

Scales used to measure a person's weight.

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What are Platform Scales?

Scales used to measure bulky objects.

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What are Weighbridges?

Scales used to measure very large objects like trucks.

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What are Measuring Spoons?

Standard equipment with sizes like 5 ml (teaspoon) and 15 ml (tablespoon).

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What are Measuring Cups?

Equipment with capacities such as 250 ml, 125 ml, and 63 ml.

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Study Notes

Converting Metric Units of Measurement

Length

  • Length measures the distance between two points.
  • Common length units include kilometres (km), meters (m), centimetres (cm), and millimetres (mm).
  • 10 millimetres (mm) equals 1 centimetre (cm).
  • 100 centimetres (cm) equals 1 meter (m).
  • 1000 millimetres (mm) equals 1 meter (m).
  • 1000 meters (m) equals 1 kilometre (km).
  • Formula to convert mm to cm: ( \text{Length in cm} = \frac{\text{Length in mm}}{10} )
  • Formula to convert cm to mm: ( \text{Length in mm} = \text{Length in cm} \times 10 )
  • Formula to convert cm to m: ( \text{Length in m} = \frac{\text{Length in cm}}{100} )
  • Formula to convert m to cm: ( \text{Length in cm} = \text{Length in m} \times 100 )
  • Formula to convert m to km: ( \text{Length in km} = \frac{\text{Length in m}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert km to m: ( \text{Length in m} = \text{Length in km} \times 1000 )

Volume

  • Volume measures the amount of space an object occupies.
  • Common volume units include kilolitres (kl), litres (l), and millilitres (ml).
  • 1000 millilitres (ml) equals 1 Liter (l).
  • 1000 litres (l) equals 1 kilolitre (kl).
  • Formula to convert ml to l: ( \text{Volume in l} = \frac{\text{Volume in ml}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert l to ml: ( \text{Volume in ml} = \text{Volume in l} \times 1000 )
  • Formula to convert l to kl: ( \text{Volume in kl} = \frac{\text{Volume in l}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert kl to l: ( \text{Volume in l} = \text{Volume in kl} \times 1000 )

Weight

  • Weight or mass measures how heavy an object is.
  • Common weight units include tonnes (t), kilograms (kg), grams (g), and milligrams (mg).
  • 1000 milligrams (mg) equals 1 gram (g).
  • 1000 grams (g) equals 1 kilogram (kg).
  • 1000 kilograms (kg) equals 1 tonne (t).
  • Formula to convert mg to g: ( \text{Weight in g} = \frac{\text{Weight in mg}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert g to mg: ( \text{Weight in mg} = \text{Weight in g} \times 1000 )
  • Formula to convert g to kg: ( \text{Weight in kg} = \frac{\text{Weight in g}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert kg to g: ( \text{Weight in g} = \text{Weight in kg} \times 1000 )
  • Formula to convert kg to t: ( \text{Weight in t} = \frac{\text{Weight in kg}}{1000} )
  • Formula to convert t to kg: ( \text{Weight in kg} = \text{Weight in t} \times 1000 )

Converting Units of Measurement Using Given Conversion Factors

Cooking Conversions

  • Recipes often use cups, teaspoons (tsp), and tablespoons (tbsp).
  • Measuring cups and spoons are used for accurate measurements.
  • 1 cup equals 250 ml.
  • 1 tablespoon (tbsp) equals 15 ml.
  • 1 teaspoon (tsp) equals 5 ml.
  • Formula to convert cups to ml: ( \text{Volume in ml} = \text{Volume in cups} \times 250 )
  • Formula to convert ml to cups: ( \text{Volume in cups} = \frac{\text{Volume in ml}}{250} )
  • Formula to convert tbsp to ml: ( \text{Volume in ml} = \text{Volume in tbsp} \times 15 )
  • Formula to convert ml to tbsp: ( \text{Volume in tbsp} = \frac{\text{Volume in ml}}{15} )
  • Formula to convert tsp to ml: ( \text{Volume in ml} = \text{Volume in tsp} \times 5 )
  • Formula to convert ml to tsp: ( \text{Volume in tsp} = \frac{\text{Volume in ml}}{5} )

Measuring Length, Weight, Volume, and Temperature

Introduction

  • Measuring length, weight, volume, and temperature is essential for cooking, planning, and managing finances.

Measuring Length and Distance

  • Accurate length and distance measurements require specific instruments.
  • A ruler measures length in centimetres and millimetres.
  • A measuring tape measures length in centimetres and meters.
  • A trundle wheel measures distance in meters.
  • An odometer measures distance travelled by a vehicle in kilometres.
  • Total cost calculation: ( \text{Total Cost} = \text{Length Needed} \times \text{Price per Meter} )

Measuring Mass or Weight

  • Mass and weight are measured using various types of scales.
  • Kitchen scales measure small quantities of food.
  • Market scales measure larger quantities of food.
  • Bathroom scales measure a person's weight.
  • Platform scales measure bulky objects.
  • Weighbridges measure very large objects like trucks.
  • 1 tonne equals 1000 kg.
  • 1 kg equals 1000 g.
  • Total cost calculation: ( \text{Total Cost} = \text{Weight Needed} \times \text{Price per Kilogram} )

Measuring Volume

  • Volume measures the space an object occupies.
  • Capacity measures how much liquid a container can hold when full.
  • Standard measuring spoons: teaspoon (5 ml) and tablespoon (15 ml).
  • Measuring cups have capacities such as 250 ml, 125 ml, and 63 ml.
  • Measuring jugs commonly hold 1 Liter.
  • Buckets typically hold 10 litres.
  • Wheelbarrows usually hold about 170 litres.
  • 1 Liter equals 1000 ml.
  • Total cost calculation: ( \text{Total Cost} = \text{Volume Needed} \times \text{Price per Liter} )

Measuring and Monitoring Temperature

  • Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (°C).
  • Analogue thermometers measure human body temperature.
  • Outdoor thermometers measure external temperatures.
  • Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C at sea level.
  • Normal human body temperature ranges between 36°C and 37°C.

Measuring Perimeter

  • Perimeter refers to the total length of the outside of a shape or the boundary of a closed geometric figure.
  • Perimeter is measured in mm, cm, m, or km.
  • A rectangle is a flat two-dimensional shape with opposite sides equal and adjacent sides at right angles (90°).
  • A square is a flat, two-dimensional shape with four equal sides and right angles (90°).
  • Circumference is the perimeter of a circle.
  • Radius (r) is the length from the center to any point on the edge of the circle.
  • Diameter (d) is the length from one edge to the other through the center.
  • Pi (Ï€) is approximately equal to 3.142.
  • Rectangle Perimeter: ( P = 2 \times \text{length} + 2 \times \text{width} )
  • Square Perimeter: ( P = 4 \times \text{side} )
  • Triangle Perimeter: ( P = \text{side}_1 + \text{side}_2 + \text{side}_3 )
  • Circle Circumference: ( C = \pi \times \text{diameter} ) or ( C = 2 \times \pi \times \text{radius} )

Measuring Area

  • Area is the size of a surface or the space inside a flat object, measured in mm², cm², m², or km².
  • To estimate area, place a square grid over the area and count how many squares fit within the shape.
  • Rectangle Area: ( A = \text{length} \times \text{width} )
  • Square Area: ( A = \text{side} \times \text{side} = \text{side}^2 )
  • Triangle Area: ( A = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} )
  • Circle Area: ( A = \pi \times \text{radius}^2 )
  • A perpendicular line lies at an angle of 90° to a given line, plane, or surface.

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