Metoprolol Pharmacology Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What classification does Metoprolol belong to?

  • Alpha-Adrenergic Agonist
  • ACE Inhibitor
  • Beta-Adrenergic Antagonist (correct)
  • Calcium Channel Blocker
  • What is the action of Metoprolol?

    Blocks stimulation to beta1-adrenergic receptors without usually affecting beta2-adrenergic receptors.

    What are the therapeutic effects of Metoprolol?

    Decreases BP, heart rate, angina, and controlled congestive heart failure.

    What are Beta1 adrenergic receptors associated with?

    <p>Myocardial receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary locations of beta2 adrenergic receptors?

    <p>Pulmonary, vascular, uterine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    With what can Metoprolol be used?

    <p>ACE inhibitors, diuretics, digoxin, Toprol XL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Metoprolol absorbed?

    <p>Well absorbed after oral administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Metoprolol metabolized?

    <p>Liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Metoprolol excreted from the body?

    <p>Breast milk and urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors affect the onset and duration of Metoprolol?

    <p>Varies with administration route.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What routes are available for Metoprolol administration?

    <p>PO, IV.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will Metoprolol do in terms of distribution in the body?

    <p>Crosses BBB, placenta, and breast milk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some contraindications/cautions for Metoprolol?

    <p>Severe bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, respiratory distress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common side effects of Metoprolol?

    <p>Fatigue, dizziness, impotence (erectile dysfunction), depression, diarrhea, hypoglycemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some adverse reactions of Metoprolol?

    <p>Bradycardia, HF, pulmonary edema, AV block, rebound hypertension if quit abruptly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medications should be monitored for interactions with Metoprolol?

    <p>Diltiazem and antidepressants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum dose of Metoprolol?

    <p>Not specified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What assessments should be done when administering Metoprolol?

    <p>Check apical and peripheral pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Classification of Metoprolol

    • A beta-adrenergic antagonist; classified as a beta-blocker antihypertensive.

    Mechanism of Action

    • Primarily blocks beta1-adrenergic receptors, minimal impact on beta2-adrenergic receptors.
    • Reduces sympathetic nervous system effects, leading to a slower heart rate and decreased cardiac force.
    • Results in lower cardiac output and blood pressure.

    Therapeutic Effects

    • Effective in lowering blood pressure and heart rate.
    • Alleviates angina and helps to manage controlled congestive heart failure.

    Beta1 Adrenergic Receptors

    • Located in the myocardium, these receptors primarily influence heart function.

    Beta2 Adrenergic Receptors

    • Found in pulmonary, vascular, and uterine tissues, involved in various physiological responses.

    Compatible Medications

    • Can be safely combined with ACE inhibitors, diuretics, digoxin, and Toprol XL.

    Absorption

    • Metoprolol is well absorbed following oral administration.

    Metabolism

    • Primarily metabolized by the liver.

    Excretion

    • Excreted via breast milk and urine.

    Onset and Duration

    • The onset of effects and duration of action vary with the route of administration.

    Administration Routes

    • Available in oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) forms.

    Distribution

    • Crosses blood-brain barrier (BBB), placenta, and is present in breast milk.

    Contraindications and Cautions

    • Not recommended for patients with severe bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, heart failure, or respiratory distress.

    Side Effects

    • Common side effects include fatigue, dizziness, erectile dysfunction, depression, diarrhea, and hypoglycemia.

    Adverse Reactions

    • Severe adverse outcomes can include bradycardia, heart failure, pulmonary edema, AV block, and rebound hypertension upon abrupt cessation.

    Drug Interactions

    • Increased bradycardia when used with diltiazem; reduced metoprolol effectiveness with certain antidepressants.
    • Interacts with ethanol (alcohol).

    Max Dose

    • Information on the maximum dosage is not provided.

    Assessments

    • Important to check apical and peripheral pulse. Significant monitoring if heart rate falls below certain thresholds.

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    Description

    Explore essential pharmacology concepts associated with Metoprolol, a beta-adrenergic antagonist. This quiz provides detailed flashcards on its classification, actions, and effects on the cardiovascular system. Test your knowledge on how this medication influences heart rate and blood pressure.

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