Questions and Answers
Which type of reaction absorbs heat energy?
Endothermic reactions
What does the enthalpy of reaction refer to in chemical reactions?
Difference between the enthalpy of the reactants and the enthalpy of the products
Which type of mixture has evenly distributed components?
Homogeneous mixtures
What can be said about the enthalpy of products and reactants in exothermic reactions?
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What is the basis of chromatography?
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Which type of chromatography works with a vertical glass column packed with an absorbent solid as the stationary phase?
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What is the principle behind distillation for separating liquid mixtures?
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When does crystallization occur?
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What method is used to separate mineral salts from the Great Salt Lake?
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How are impurities removed from mined iron ore?
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What physical property can be measured without changing the substance's identity?
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Which property is an example of an extensive property?
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Which of the following best describes an endothermic reaction?
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What type of reaction is a campfire an example of?
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Why does a glass of lemonade become colder when the ice cubes in it begin to melt?
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What does the prefix 'endo' signify in endothermic reactions?
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Which property is an example of an intensive physical property?
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What is the extensive physical property that refers to the amount of 3D space enclosed by a closed surface?
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Which property is an example of an extensive physical property?
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What is the intensive physical property defined as the ability to resist fracture or deformation?
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Matter
- Intensive physical properties include boiling point, density, state of matter, color, melting point, odor, temperature, refractive index, luster, hardness, ductility, malleability, electrical conductivity, and solubility.
- Extensive physical properties include volume, mass, size, weight, and length.
- Chemical properties entail the potential for a substance to undergo a chemical change or reaction through its composition.
- Density, expressed as mass per unit volume, is an intensive property and is generally in grams per cubic centimeter or kilograms per cubic meter.
- Density is not affected by the quantity of matter, making it an intensive property, and can differ based on the state of matter.
- Odor is an intensive physical property of matter, as it is observable and does not change the identity of a substance.
- Color is a physical property that can be determined without altering the substance's composition and is another example of an intensive property.
- Hardness, defined as the ability to resist fracture or deformation, is an intensive physical property.
- Length is an extensive physical property, referring to the longest dimension of an object, and can be measured in various units.
- Melting point, the temperature at which a solid melts, is an intensive property and varies based on the substance.
- Volume, the amount of 3D space enclosed by a closed surface, is an extensive property and can be measured in cubic or metric units.
- A phase change, or state change, refers to the transition between solid, liquid, and gas states, with melting being the process of a solid becoming a liquid.
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