Metallic Materials Testing
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Questions and Answers

What does the Rockwell hardness tester measure?

  • Thickness of the material
  • Hardness based on color changes
  • Diameter of the impression on the material
  • Depth of penetration into the material (correct)
  • How does a Rockwell hardness tester display the depth of penetration?

  • In Rockwell numbers on a red or a black scale (correct)
  • In inches
  • In centimeters
  • In millimeters
  • What type of loads are applied by Rockwell testers during testing?

  • Minor and major loads (correct)
  • Static and dynamic loads
  • Uniaxial and biaxial loads
  • Compressive and tensile loads
  • How is the Tensile Strength of ferrous metal tested?

    <p>By applying a longitudinal load and plotting load against elongation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Brinell hardness tester measure?

    <p>Depth of penetration into the material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are results displayed by a Rockwell hardness tester different from those displayed by a Brinell hardness tester?

    <p>Rockwell numbers on a red or black scale vs. diameter measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some properties tested for in metallic materials after a heat-treatment process?

    <p>Hardness, tensile strength, and impact resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hardness testing in metallic materials?

    <p>To assess the material's resistance to deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two methods are mentioned as the most widely used for hardness measurement in metals?

    <p>Brinell and Rockwell methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What force is used by the Brinell hardness tester to impress a penetrator into the surface of a metal sample?

    <p>Hydraulic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the diameter of the impression measured after a metal sample is tested using the Brinell method?

    <p>With a special calibrated microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is testing carried out with a test piece consisting of the same material and thickness of the component that was heat-treated?

    <p>To standardize testing conditions and results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fatigue strength testing?

    <p>To establish the stress level at which structural failure will occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is fatigue life determined in fatigue strength testing?

    <p>By measuring the number of cycles completed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an airframe fatigue test?

    <p>To provide data on premature fatigue damage or wear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Wohler Cantilever bending fatigue machine stress test pieces?

    <p>By applying tension and compression once every revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of load is suspended from the ball race in fatigue strength testing?

    <p>Overhung load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are aircraft subjected to fatigue tests?

    <p>To identify causes of premature fatigue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which impact resistance test uses a cantilevered configuration?

    <p>Izod impact test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of beam configuration does the Charpy impact test use?

    <p>Three-point beam configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which impact testing method is the most common for metals?

    <p>Charpy impact test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape does the specimen take in the Charpy V-notch technique?

    <p>Square cross section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instrument is used to fracture the specimen in the Charpy V-notch technique?

    <p>Pendulum hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pendulum after striking and fracturing the specimen in the Charpy V-notch test?

    <p>It continues its swing up to a maximum final height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of testing metallic materials after a heat-treatment process?

    <p>To confirm the achievement of desired qualities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two methods are mentioned as the most widely used methods for hardness measurement in metals?

    <p>Brinell and Rockwell methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Brinell hardness tester different from the Rockwell hardness tester?

    <p>Brinell measures indentation depth while Rockwell measures impression diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of metals does hardness testing aim to measure?

    <p>Strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to test a material with a test piece identical to the heat-treated component?

    <p>To ensure consistency and accuracy in test results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of a Brinell hardness tester in measuring hardness in metallic materials?

    <p>To measure indentation depth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ball race in fatigue strength testing?

    <p>To suspend a load for stress application</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of conducting an airframe fatigue test?

    <p>To identify premature fatigue damage causes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the number of cycles completed relate to fatigue life in fatigue strength testing?

    <p>It measures the fatigue resistance of the material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does an electric motor play in the Wohler Cantilever bending fatigue machine?

    <p>To rotate the test piece under an overhung load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structural failure does fatigue strength testing aim to predict?

    <p>Fatigue failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are aircraft subjected to fatigue tests before being certified for operation?

    <p>To identify potential structural weaknesses and causes of premature fatigue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the Izod impact test and the Charpy impact test?

    <p>The beam configuration used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the specimen used in the Charpy V-notch technique?

    <p>Bar with a V-notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Charpy V-notch impact test, what happens to the pendulum after it strikes and fractures the specimen?

    <p>Continues its swing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released from an initial height to apply the impact load in the Charpy V-notch technique?

    <p>Weighted pendulum hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of beam configuration is used in the Izod impact test?

    <p>Cantilevered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Charpy V-notch impact testing, what is altered to increase or decrease the impact resistance of a metal?

    <p>Angle of the V-notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the information provided by a Brinell hardness tester and a Rockwell hardness tester?

    <p>The Brinell tester measures the diameter of the impression, while the Rockwell tester measures the depth of penetration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a Rockwell hardness tester display depth of penetration compared to the Brinell hardness tester?

    <p>In Rockwell numbers on either a red or a black scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of tensile strength testing for ferrous metals?

    <p>To evaluate how much stretching or pulling force the metal can endure before breaking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of loads are typically applied during Rockwell hardness testing?

    <p>Minor loads followed by major loads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to plot load against elongation in tensile strength testing?

    <p>To evaluate how the metal deforms under stretching forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information does the dial on a Rockwell hardness tester provide?

    <p>The depth to which the penetrator sinks into the material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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