Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of metal ions in some metalloproteins?
What is the primary role of metal ions in some metalloproteins?
- To organize the structures of biomolecules
- To facilitate a variety of chemical reactions
- To catalyze the condensation of aspartate and N-carbamoyl phosphate
- To play a purely structural role (correct)
What happens to the coordinated water molecules when metal ions bind to protein sites?
What happens to the coordinated water molecules when metal ions bind to protein sites?
- They remain attached to the metal ion
- They are replaced by nucleotides
- They are discarded (correct)
- They are shared with other metal ions
What is the significance of the large ionic radii of metal ions?
What is the significance of the large ionic radii of metal ions?
- They can afford high coordination numbers (correct)
- They can stabilize protein structures
- They can facilitate a variety of chemical reactions
- They can catalyze the condensation of aspartate and N-carbamoyl phosphate
What is the importance of the formation of cross-links in some inorganic-element-based drugs?
What is the importance of the formation of cross-links in some inorganic-element-based drugs?
What is the role of the metal center in the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?
What is the role of the metal center in the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?
What is the result of the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?
What is the result of the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?
What is the effect of adding CTP to the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the effect of adding CTP to the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the function of the regulatory subunit in the holoenzyme?
What is the function of the regulatory subunit in the holoenzyme?
What is the result of partial disruption of the quaternary structure of the enzyme?
What is the result of partial disruption of the quaternary structure of the enzyme?
What is the role of the zinc ions in the holoenzyme?
What is the role of the zinc ions in the holoenzyme?
What is the effect of an inhibitor on the enzyme's quaternary structure?
What is the effect of an inhibitor on the enzyme's quaternary structure?
What is the structure of the native enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the structure of the native enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the result of modifying approximately 24 cysteine residues in the enzyme?
What is the result of modifying approximately 24 cysteine residues in the enzyme?
What is the function of the catalytic subunit in the holoenzyme?
What is the function of the catalytic subunit in the holoenzyme?
What is the effect of adding ATP to the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the effect of adding ATP to the enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase?
What is the model that explains the allosteric behavior of ATCase?
What is the model that explains the allosteric behavior of ATCase?
What was the outcome of cleaving the cysteinate-mercury adducts with excess thiol?
What was the outcome of cleaving the cysteinate-mercury adducts with excess thiol?
What is the consequence of adding the zinc domain to the catalytic domains?
What is the consequence of adding the zinc domain to the catalytic domains?
What is the role of zinc in transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA)?
What is the role of zinc in transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA)?
What is the characteristic feature of the nine tandem sequences in TFIIIA?
What is the characteristic feature of the nine tandem sequences in TFIIIA?
What is the proposed structure of each of the nine sequences in TFIIIA?
What is the proposed structure of each of the nine sequences in TFIIIA?
What is the effect of removing zinc from TFIIIA on its DNA-binding activity?
What is the effect of removing zinc from TFIIIA on its DNA-binding activity?
What is the role of the zinc domain in the regulatory subunit?
What is the role of the zinc domain in the regulatory subunit?
What is the stoichiometry of the complex formed between the zinc domain and the catalytic trimer?
What is the stoichiometry of the complex formed between the zinc domain and the catalytic trimer?
What is the effect of adding zinc to the TFIIIA-5S RNA complex after EDTA treatment?
What is the effect of adding zinc to the TFIIIA-5S RNA complex after EDTA treatment?
What is the number of zinc ions bound to each TFIIIA protein?
What is the number of zinc ions bound to each TFIIIA protein?
What is the term given to the domains in the proposed structure?
What is the term given to the domains in the proposed structure?
What technique was used to probe the nature of the ligands coordinated to the zinc ions?
What technique was used to probe the nature of the ligands coordinated to the zinc ions?
What is the distance of the sulfur atoms from the zinc ion in the EXAFS spectra?
What is the distance of the sulfur atoms from the zinc ion in the EXAFS spectra?
What is the ion that binds to the peptide corresponding to the second zinc-finger domain of TFIIIA?
What is the ion that binds to the peptide corresponding to the second zinc-finger domain of TFIIIA?
What is the shape of the coordination in the cobalt complex?
What is the shape of the coordination in the cobalt complex?
What is the effect of adding zinc ions to the peptide on its susceptibility to cleavage by trypsin?
What is the effect of adding zinc ions to the peptide on its susceptibility to cleavage by trypsin?
What is the relative affinity of Zn2+ compared to other ions?
What is the relative affinity of Zn2+ compared to other ions?
What is the estimated number of genes in the human genome that encode zinc-finger domains?
What is the estimated number of genes in the human genome that encode zinc-finger domains?
What is the range of domains in a single protein?
What is the range of domains in a single protein?
What is the effect of adding zinc ions to the peptide on its structure?
What is the effect of adding zinc ions to the peptide on its structure?
What is the common feature among the zinc finger proteins shown in Figure 7.4?
What is the common feature among the zinc finger proteins shown in Figure 7.4?
What is the approximate diameter of each virus particle capsid?
What is the approximate diameter of each virus particle capsid?
What is the role of zinc binding in the protein classes discussed in the text?
What is the role of zinc binding in the protein classes discussed in the text?
What is the coordination of zinc in a zinc finger domain?
What is the coordination of zinc in a zinc finger domain?
What is the potential role of zinc in gene-regulatory networks?
What is the potential role of zinc in gene-regulatory networks?
What is the consequence of the structure of a zinc finger domain?
What is the consequence of the structure of a zinc finger domain?
What is the function of calmodulin in signal transduction pathways?
What is the function of calmodulin in signal transduction pathways?
What is the organization of the cysteines in the steroid receptor superfamily?
What is the organization of the cysteines in the steroid receptor superfamily?
What is the role of one of the zinc-based units in the steroid receptor superfamily?
What is the role of one of the zinc-based units in the steroid receptor superfamily?
How many Ca2+ ions can calmodulin bind?
How many Ca2+ ions can calmodulin bind?
What was the discovery that led to the identification of zinc in GAL4?
What was the discovery that led to the identification of zinc in GAL4?
What is the term for the calcium-binding structure in calmodulin?
What is the term for the calcium-binding structure in calmodulin?
What is the coordination number of each calcium ion in the EF-hand unit?
What is the coordination number of each calcium ion in the EF-hand unit?
What is the configuration of the proline residue in the GAL4 protein?
What is the configuration of the proline residue in the GAL4 protein?
What is the function of the retroviral nucleocapsid proteins?
What is the function of the retroviral nucleocapsid proteins?
What is the nature of the residues that bind to calcium in the EF-hand unit?
What is the nature of the residues that bind to calcium in the EF-hand unit?
What is the significance of the paired EF-hand domains in calmodulin?
What is the significance of the paired EF-hand domains in calmodulin?
What has been demonstrated by EXAFS experiments on retroviral nucleocapsid proteins?
What has been demonstrated by EXAFS experiments on retroviral nucleocapsid proteins?
What has been revealed by NMR studies on zinc finger domains?
What has been revealed by NMR studies on zinc finger domains?
What is the consequence of zinc binding in nucleic acid-binding proteins?
What is the consequence of zinc binding in nucleic acid-binding proteins?
What is the key factor that favors Ca2+ binding over Mg2+ binding in EF-hand sites?
What is the key factor that favors Ca2+ binding over Mg2+ binding in EF-hand sites?
What is the range of dissociation constants for Ca2+ binding to calmodulin?
What is the range of dissociation constants for Ca2+ binding to calmodulin?
What is the shape of the calmodulin molecule?
What is the shape of the calmodulin molecule?
What type of structures do the regions responsible for calmodulin binding tend to form?
What type of structures do the regions responsible for calmodulin binding tend to form?
What is the purpose of the hydrophobic patches on the surface of the calmodulin lobes?
What is the purpose of the hydrophobic patches on the surface of the calmodulin lobes?
What is the characteristic feature of the long alpha helix in calmodulin?
What is the characteristic feature of the long alpha helix in calmodulin?
What is the typical dissociation constant for calmodulin binding to its targets?
What is the typical dissociation constant for calmodulin binding to its targets?
What is the effect of calmodulin binding to its target molecules?
What is the effect of calmodulin binding to its target molecules?
What is the role of the E and F helices in the EF-hand domain?
What is the role of the E and F helices in the EF-hand domain?
What is the significance of the seven calcium-bound oxygen atoms in the EF-hand domain?
What is the significance of the seven calcium-bound oxygen atoms in the EF-hand domain?
What is the role of calcium in cellular processes?
What is the role of calcium in cellular processes?
What is the function of membrane-permeable fluorescent calcium-binding dyes like Fura-2?
What is the function of membrane-permeable fluorescent calcium-binding dyes like Fura-2?
What is the effect of adding phenylephrine to cells from a vascular smooth muscle cell line?
What is the effect of adding phenylephrine to cells from a vascular smooth muscle cell line?
What is the role of counterions in nucleic acid structure?
What is the role of counterions in nucleic acid structure?
What is the effect of increasing intracellular calcium concentration on calmodulin?
What is the effect of increasing intracellular calcium concentration on calmodulin?
What is the significance of the increase in intracellular calcium levels in response to phenylephrine treatment?
What is the significance of the increase in intracellular calcium levels in response to phenylephrine treatment?
What is the significance of methionine residues in the hydrophobic patches of calmodulin?
What is the significance of methionine residues in the hydrophobic patches of calmodulin?
What is the result of the binding of calcium to calmodulin?
What is the result of the binding of calcium to calmodulin?
What is the role of the central helix in calmodulin?
What is the role of the central helix in calmodulin?
What is the characteristic feature of the peptides that bind to calmodulin?
What is the characteristic feature of the peptides that bind to calmodulin?
What is the function of the two lobes of calmodulin?
What is the function of the two lobes of calmodulin?
What is the outcome of the binding of target peptides to calmodulin?
What is the outcome of the binding of target peptides to calmodulin?
What is the role of the hydrophobic surfaces on the two calcium-binding lobes of calmodulin?
What is the role of the hydrophobic surfaces on the two calcium-binding lobes of calmodulin?
What is the significance of the flexibility of the connecting helix in calmodulin?
What is the significance of the flexibility of the connecting helix in calmodulin?
What is the outcome of the structural studies of the calmodulin-target peptide complexes?
What is the outcome of the structural studies of the calmodulin-target peptide complexes?
What is the significance of the analysis of the calmodulin complex with a 26-residue peptide from skeletal-muscle myosin light-chain kinase?
What is the significance of the analysis of the calmodulin complex with a 26-residue peptide from skeletal-muscle myosin light-chain kinase?
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