Meta-Analysis in Statistics

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What is the main focus of single-subject research methods?

Identifying group differences

Using statistical analysis

Analyzing behavior individually (correct)

Comparing multiple groups

Which method is a characteristic of causal-comparative research?

Applying multi-element designs

Conducting A-B-A-B designs

Manipulating independent variables

Making comparisons between groups (correct)

What sets meta-analysis apart from other research methods?

It combines results from multiple studies (correct)

It manipulates independent variables

It relies on causal-comparative analysis

It focuses on analyzing individual behavior

Which statement best describes the role of statistics in meta-analysis?

Statistics provide a margin of error measurement Signup and view all the answers

Why does causal-comparative research involve comparing groups?

To identify cause-and-effect relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of comparing group variables in educational research?

To identify common truths in different studies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of comparative historical research?

To develop theories by comparing social processes across time and place Signup and view all the answers

According to Cohen, Manion, and Morrison (2011), what is the basis of quantitative research?

The assumption that numbers will describe a single reality Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of experimental research?

It provides the opportunity to identify cause-and-effect relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of comparative historical research?

It involves the comparison of social processes across time and place Signup and view all the answers

What is a focus of quantitative research?

Finding relationships between variables using statistics Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinction of comparative historical research?

The questions it asks, not the theoretical framework it uses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of meta-analysis?

To derive a pooled estimate closest to the unknown common truth Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference among existing methods of meta-analysis?

The way in which the uncertainty is computed Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as triangulation in social research?

Using multiple research approaches and theoretical constructs Signup and view all the answers

Why do researchers propose using a combination of research approaches?

To make research more comprehensive Signup and view all the answers

What does meta-analysis have the capacity to do, in addition to providing an estimate of the unknown common truth?

Contrast results from different studies Signup and view all the answers

What is a criticism of the scientific method discussed in the text?

It is too reductionist Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main elements related to cross-curricular bilingual teaching (CLIL)?

Knowledge, skills, understanding, and communication Signup and view all the answers

In CLIL lessons, what is the view regarding the language focus?

It is not structurally graded Signup and view all the answers

How are language skills approached in CLIL lessons?

Lexically, not grammatically Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction between CLIL lessons and ELT integrated skills lessons?

The focus on language exploration Signup and view all the answers

Why are learner styles considered in task types in a CLIL lesson?

To improve student comprehension and participation Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of CLIL lessons?

Inclusion of material related to content-based subjects Signup and view all the answers

What global statement best represents the underlying principle of CLIL?

All teachers are teachers of languages. Signup and view all the answers

What is a major challenge mentioned in the text regarding CLIL implementation?

A shortage of teacher training programs for CLIL. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of language in a CLIL lesson?

Language is utilized for communication as well as learning. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a successful CLIL lesson according to Coyle (1999)?

Combining the 4 Cs curriculum. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Content Language Integrated Learning Project (CLIP), what is a significant advantage of cross-curricular bilingual teaching?

Providing wide-ranging advantages for language learning. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach for establishing clear learning objectives in CLIL?

Acknowledging the '4Cs approach' as a format for clear learning objectives Signup and view all the answers

Why should a mixture of formal and informal assessment be used in CLIL?

To incorporate task-based, assignment-based, test times, and class work sampling in assessment Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of considering 'wait time' in orally-based assessments in CLIL contexts?

It recognizes that students need time to think and express their thinking Signup and view all the answers

How should language be assessed in a CLIL context?

Using the simplest format of appropriate language for the purpose Signup and view all the answers

What approach is suggested for assessing content language in CLIL?

Assessing for a real purpose in a real context Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for students to take responsibility for their own assessment in CLIL?

To encourage longer-term learning potential through self- and peer-assessment Signup and view all the answers