Messiah in Judaic and Christian Theology

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Messiah' mean in Hebrew?

  • Divine leader
  • Anointed one (correct)
  • Savior of all
  • Prophesied king

Which figure is considered an ideal king in Jewish history and considered to fit the description of the Messiah?

  • King David (correct)
  • Cyrus the Great
  • Abraham
  • Solomon

In what way did Jesus redefine the role of the Messiah?

  • As a political leader
  • As a military commander
  • As a spiritual savior (correct)
  • As a royal advisor

What role did Judas expect the Messiah to fulfill?

<p>To overthrow Roman rule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significance do the gifts given to Jesus by the Magi hold?

<p>They symbolize Jesus’ kingship, divinity, and foreshadow his death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event required Mary and Joseph to travel to Bethlehem?

<p>A city census ordered by King Herod (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term 'Theotokos' associated with?

<p>Mary as the 'Mother of God' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who warned Joseph to flee with Mary and Jesus to Egypt?

<p>An angel in a vision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event led to Ignatius' spiritual conversion?

<p>His injury during battle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which work is St. Ignatius known for writing to help deepen one's relationship with God?

<p>The Spiritual Exercises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Society of Jesus formally recognized by the Pope?

<p>1540 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the Society of Jesus established by Ignatius?

<p>Education, missionary work, and spiritual service (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role is described by the term 'Messiah' in Judaism?

<p>A human descendant of King David who restores peace (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Christians believe regarding Jesus' role as the Messiah?

<p>He established a new covenant emphasizing spiritual salvation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant event that caused Mary and Joseph to travel to Bethlehem?

<p>A census ordered by King Herod (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gifts did the Magi bring to Jesus, and what do they symbolize?

<p>Gold for kingship, frankincense for divinity, and myrrh for suffering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome for Joseph, Mary, and Jesus after King Herod's death?

<p>They moved to Nazareth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biblical figures are mentioned as reminders of God's faithfulness during the Nativity story?

<p>Elizabeth and Zachariah (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Messiah

A person chosen by God to fulfill a special role, often associated with bringing salvation and restoring order.

Judaism's view of the Messiah

The Jewish belief that a human leader, like a king or prophet, would bring salvation to Israel.

Annunciation

The angel Gabriel's announcement to Mary that she will conceive Jesus through the Holy Spirit.

Theotokos

Mary's title as 'Mother of God,' signifying her central role in Christian faith.

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Incarnation

God becoming human in the form of Jesus, marking a pivotal point in Christian theology.

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Epiphany

The Magi, wise men from the East, following a star to find Jesus, symbolizing his revelation to the Gentiles.

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Massacre of the Innocents

King Herod's order to kill all boys under two in Bethlehem, attempting to eliminate Jesus.

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Flight to Egypt

Joseph's dream warning him to flee to Egypt with Mary and Jesus, fulfilling a prophecy about escaping danger.

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Messiah in Judaism

A Jewish figure expected to restore Israel, bring peace, and fulfill God's promises. Often envisioned as a descendant of King David.

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Jesus as the Messiah in Christianity

The belief that Jesus Christ fulfills the Messianic prophecies, emphasizing spiritual salvation over political liberation.

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Journey to Bethlehem

The journey Mary and Joseph took to Bethlehem, fulfilling prophecy because of a census ordered by King Herod.

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Nativity

The birth of Jesus, the Incarnation of God, in a humble stable in Bethlehem.

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St. Ignatius of Loyola

A person born as a nobleman and soldier, who underwent a profound spiritual conversion, dedicating his life to God.

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Spiritual Exercises

A guide for deepening one's relationship with God through prayer and reflection, written by St. Ignatius of Loyola.

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Study Notes

Messiah in Judaic and Christian Theology

  • Messiah Definition: "Anointed one" in Hebrew, a divinely chosen individual.
  • Judaic Expectation: A human leader (king/prophet) bringing political and spiritual salvation to Israel, restoring the kingdom, and establishing peace and justice.
  • Historical Jewish Messiah Candidates: King David, Cyrus the Great.
  • Jesus' Transformation: Jesus redefined the Messiah as a spiritual savior, not a political leader, focusing on humanity’s salvation through his teachings, death, and resurrection establishing a new covenant.
  • Disagreement with Followers (like Judas): Some expected Jesus to lead a political revolution, clashing with his focus on spiritual salvation and humility.

Nativity Story

  • Annunciation: Gabriel announces Mary's pregnancy; Mary accepts.
  • Theotokos: Mary is "Mother of God."
  • Prophecy: Jesus' birth fulfills OT prophecies about the Messiah.
  • Census: King Herod orders a census, requiring Joseph and Mary to travel to Bethlehem.
  • Incarnation: God becomes human in Jesus.
  • Humility: Jesus born in a stable, symbolizing availability for all.
  • Magi: Wise men follow a star to find Jesus and present gifts (gold, frankincense, myrrh).
  • Epiphany: Jesus' revelation to the Gentiles.
  • Elizabeth & Zachariah: Parents of John the Baptist, preparing the way for Jesus.
  • Magnificat: Mary’s hymn of praise to God.
  • King Herod: Tries to kill Jesus, ordering the massacre of infants.
  • Flight to Egypt: Joseph flees with Mary and Jesus in response to Herod's threat, fulfillment of prophecy.

St. Ignatius of Loyola

  • Early Life: Born nobleman/soldier in 1491 Spain.
  • Injury and Conversion: Injured, convalescing, reads saints' lives, and Christ's life; changed, and dedicated to God.
  • Spiritual Exercises: Wrote a guide for deeper connection with God.
  • Jesuit Founder: Founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in 1540.
  • Jesuit Focus: Education, missionary work, Church service; emphasized finding God in all things.
  • Canonized: Officially recognized as a saint in 1622.

Exam Tips

  • Matching: Memorize key terms (and their definitions).
  • Multiple Choice/True/False: Review specific events and characters.

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