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Questions and Answers
What will the lateral plate mesoderm eventually split into, and what will each layer line?
The lateral plate mesoderm will split into parietal (somatic) and splanchnic (visceral) layers, with the parietal layer lining the intraembryonic cavity and the splanchnic layer surrounding the organs.
What will the parietal layer of the lateral plate mesoderm form in the body wall and limbs?
The parietal layer will form the dermis of skin, bones, and connective tissues in the body wall and limbs.
What will the mesodermal cells surrounding the intraembryonic cavity form, and what is their function?
The mesodermal cells surrounding the intraembryonic cavity will form the mesothelial membrane or serous membrane, which will line the pleural, parietal, and pericardial cavities and secrete serous fluid.
What will the sclerotomes and muscle precursor cells that migrate to the parietal layer form?
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What will the intermediate mesoderm form?
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What adult derivatives originate from the ectodermal germ layer?
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Which adult structures develop from the mesodermal germ layer?
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What are the adult derivatives of the endodermal germ layer?
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Which germ layer gives rise to the nervous system?
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What is the origin of the adrenal cortex?
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Study Notes
Embryonic Germ Layers
- Intermediate mesoderm forms the genitourinary system
Lateral Plate Mesoderm
- Splits into parietal (somatic) and splanchnic (visceral) layers
- Lateral plate mesoderm lines the intraembryonic cavity and surrounds the organs
- Forms the lateral body wall folds with overlying ectoderm
- Closes the ventral body wall with cephalic (head) and caudal (tail) folds
Parietal Layer
- Forms the dermis of skin in the body wall and limbs
- Forms the bones and connective tissues of the limbs
- Forms the sternum
- Forms the sclerotomes and muscle precursor cells
- Forms the costal cartilage, limb muscles, and most of the body wall muscles
- Forms the mesothelial membrane or serous membrane
- Lines the pleural, parietal, and pericardial cavities
- Secrete serous fluid
Adult Derivatives of Embryonic Germ Layers
Ectoderm
- Forms the epidermis of skin and its derivatives
- Forms the epithelial lining of mouth and anus
- Forms the cornea and lens of the eye
- Forms the nervous system
- Forms the sensory receptors in the epidermis
- Forms the adrenal medulla
- Forms the tooth enamel
- Forms the epithelium of the pineal and pituitary glands
Mesoderm
- Forms the notochord
- Forms the skeletal system
- Forms the muscular system
- Forms the muscular layer of the stomach and intestine
- Forms the excretory system
- Forms the circulatory and lymphatic systems
- Forms the reproductive system (except germ cells)
- Forms the dermis of skin
- Forms the lining of the body cavity
- Forms the adrenal cortex
Endoderm
- Forms the epithelial lining of the digestive tract
- Forms the epithelial lining of the respiratory system
- Forms the lining of the urethra, urinary bladder, and reproductive system
- Forms the liver
- Forms the pancreas
- Forms the thymus
- Forms the thyroid and parathyroid glands
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Description
Learn about the formation of the genitourinary system from intermediate mesoderm and the development of lateral plate mesoderm into parietal and splanchnic layers. Understand how they contribute to the formation of the body wall and organs.
