MERS: Definition, Treatment, and Hospital Admission
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Questions and Answers

In which year was the first case of MERS identified?

  • 2015
  • 2012 (correct)
  • 2010
  • 2018
  • What is the primary source of human infection for MERS?

  • Contaminated food
  • Camels (correct)
  • Mosquitoes
  • Infected humans
  • What is the primary goal of treatment for MERS patients?

  • To manage symptoms and prevent complications (correct)
  • To eradicate the virus from the body
  • To isolate the patient
  • To develop immunity to the virus
  • Which of the following is NOT a type of coronavirus?

    <p>Dengue-CoV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the genus to which MERS-CoV belongs?

    <p>Betacoronavirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common specimen collected for viral respiratory illnesses?

    <p>Nasopharyngeal aspirate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is highly sensitive and specific for viral respiratory illnesses?

    <p>Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a diagnostic test for viral respiratory illnesses?

    <p>Complete Blood Count (CBC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a type of viral respiratory illness?

    <p>Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which specimen collection site is not typically used for viral respiratory illnesses?

    <p>Cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common route of transmission for viruses causing human cases reported to the WHO since 2003?

    <p>Zoonotic transmission from animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the seasonal transmission of viruses like MERS-CoV?

    <p>Migration patterns of birds and animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is most closely related to MERS-CoV?

    <p>SARS-CoV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of MERS-CoV infection in humans?

    <p>Severe respiratory illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common characteristic of viral respiratory illnesses like MERS-CoV?

    <p>Severe morbidity and mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hospital Admission and Treatment

    • Hospital admission involves isolation and close observation of patients
    • Treatment is primarily supportive, consisting of:
      • Ventilator use to deliver oxygen and assist breathing
      • Administration of antibiotics to combat pneumonia and secondary bacterial infections
      • High-dose steroids to reduce lung swelling

    Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

    • Definition: MERS is a viral respiratory infection caused by the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a distinct genus betacoronavirus
    • Epidemology:
      • First case identified in June 2012 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
      • Notable outbreaks occurred in:
        • South Korea (2015)
        • Saudi Arabia (2018)

    Transmission

    • Humans typically contract MERS-CoV from camels, either through direct contact or indirect means
    • Diagnostic tests include:
      • Nasopharyngeal aspirate or wash
      • Oropharyngeal or throat swab
      • Viral culture
      • Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
      • Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs)

    Global Impact

    • Over 700 human cases reported to the WHO since 2003
    • MERS-CoV is highly transmissible and fatal, with seasonal flu infections potentially spreading from birds to humans

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    Description

    This quiz covers the definition, treatment, and hospital admission procedures for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), a viral respiratory infection caused by MERS-CoV.

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