zbm2 kol1 preza1 mix

• Gadiformes order makes up about 17% of the total world marine catch.
• Gadidae family accounts for the majority of catches, followed by Merlucciidae, and other families that have less, regional importance.
• Gadiformes are mainly bentopelagic species caught using bottom trawl nets.
• They mostly prefer to live in colder and deeper waters.

Merlucciidae Family

• This family is generally economically significant.
• Genera Merluccius and Macruronus are the most economically important.
• Genus Merluccius includes more species (16) featuring two dorsal fins and one anal fin where the 2nd dorsal and anal fins are similar in length and shape.
• Genus Macruronus includes 4 species found exclusively in the southern hemisphere characterized by a pointed tail and connected second dorsal, caudal and anal fins.

Merluccius merluccius - European hake

• Found in the Northeast Atlantic and the eastern part of the Central Atlantic along the coasts of Europe and the western coast of North Africa, the Mediterranean and the southern coast of the Black Sea.
• Usually caught at depths of 70-370 m, but can occur in a much wider depth range (30->1,000 m).
• Has high fecundity of 2-7 million eggs.
• Adults primarily eat fish (small anchovy, sardine, hake) and squid, while juveniles eat crustaceans (euphausiids and amphipods).
• The largest catches are in Spain and Italy, followed by France, Great Britain and Greece.
• The world catch in 2022 was 101,112 t.
• More than 1/3 is caught in the Mediterranean.
• The only Merlucciidae species lives in the Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea and is the most economically important trawling species there.

Merluccius productus - North Pacific hake

• This species is distributed along the west coast of North America.
• The world catch in 2022 was 318,583 t.
• Since the 90s, virtually only the USA fishes this species, and much less Canada.

Merluccius bilinearis - Silver hake

• Found along the Atlantic coast of Canada and the USA
• Harvested by USA, Canada and Cuba
• The catch in 2022 measured 11,396 t.

Merluccius hubbsi - Argentine hake

• Located in the Southwest Atlantic, along the east coast of South America (mostly the southern part).
• Important for coastal fishing in Argentina (>90% of catches) and Uruguay and more recently foreign fleets.
• The world catch in 2022 was 410,771 t.

Merluccius gayi - South Pacific hake

• Found in the Southeast Pacific along the coasts of South America.
• The countries that fish this species the most are Chile and Peru.
• The catch in 2022 was 78,857 t.

Merluccius australis - Southern hake

• The distribution includes two populations, one around New Zealand, and the other in the southern part of South America (Patagonia).
• Chile and New Zealand harvest this species the most.
• The world catch in 2022 was 20,410 t.

Merluccius senegalensis - Senegalese hake

• This species can be found in the Eastern Atlantic, along the western coasts of Africa; the northern part of its range overlaps with M. merluccius, and the southern part with M. polli.
• Harvested mostly by bottom trawlers off the coasts of Mauritania and Senegal.
• Only local fleets have fished this species since the 2000s.
• The total catch in 2022 was 4,092 t.

Merluccius capensis - Shallow-water Cape hake

• Found in the area around southern and southwestern Africa.
• Lives at depths of 50-500 m.
• Most harvested by Angola, Namibia and South Africa.
• The total world catch in 2022 was 13,996 t.

Merluccius paradoxus - Deep-water Cape hake

• Found in the area around southern and southwestern Africa.
• Lives at depths of 200-850 m.
• The total world catch for M. paradoxus in 2021 was 1,130 t.

Macruronus magellanicus - Patagonian grenadier

• Located in the Southeast Pacific and Southwest Atlantic, along the coasts of South America.
• Mostly fished off the coast of Chile mainy by Chilean fleets and less Argentinian.
• The total world catch in 2022 was 36,610 t.

Macruronus novaezelandiae - Blue grenadier, hoki

• The distribution includes subtropical areas, Southwest Pacific, New Zealand and southern Australia.
• It is a bentopelagic, oceanodromous species that tolerates brackish waters, at depths of 0-1000 m, usually 200-700 m.
• Economically significant for fishing in New Zealand and Australia.
• There are no recent official FAO data on the total world catch of this species.

Gadidae Family

• The species mainly live in temperate and cold waters (mostly the northern hemisphere).
• The family includes 24 species classified into 12 genera, most of which are economically important.
• They most often have three dorsal fins and two anal fins and most have a barbel under the tip of the chin.
• High fecundity leads to large population densities which allow them to be relatively resistant to heavy fishing efforts.

Gadus morhua - Atlantic cod

• Found in the North Atlantic (both eastern and western parts).
• It is a bentopelagic, oceanodromous species, at a depth range of 0-600 m and also enters brackish waters.
• The most important breeding area in the eastern Atlantic is the North Sea, mainly in shallow water.
• One of the most commercially important species of fish.
• The countries that fish this species mostly are Iceland and Norway.
• The total world catch in 2022 was 1,074,749 t.
• Mainly farmed in Norway, 2022 - 5,116 t
• Is a predatory species, that feeds on various invertebrates and fish.

Gadus macrocephalus - Pacific cod

• Found in the North Pacific (both western and eastern parts).
• The largest catches by USA, Russia and Japan
• The species has a high growth rate and natural mortality and can withstand heavy fishing.
• The total world catch in 2022 was 382,635 t.

Gadus chalcogrammus - Alaska pollock

• Widely distributed in the cold and temperate waters of the North Pacific identified as 12 stocks of this species.
• Feeds on crabs and fish.
• The most represented demersal species in world catches.
• Mostly fished by Russia, the USA and Japan.
• The catch in 2022 was 3,359,000 t.

Pollachius virens – saithe

• Found in the Northeast and Northwest Atlantic
• Commercially important species, most caught in the Northeast Atlantic.
• Mostly fished by Norway, Iceland, France
• The catch in 2022. - 341,507 t

Melanogrammus aeglefinus - haddock

• Located in the Northwest and Northeast Atlantic
• Is an important targeted species in the northern parts of the Atlantic
• The largest catches by Great Britain and Norway
• The catch in 2022 was 309,345 t.

Trisopterus esmarkii - Norway pout

• Found in the Northeast Atlantic
• Most caught by Denmark and Norway
• The world catch in 2022 was 36,157 t.

Trisopterus capelanus - poor cod

• Found in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean
• Widespread in the Adriatic, except in the deeper parts of the southern Adriatic.
• Common species in Adriatic trawling fisheries. Less often caught by set nets, longlines, and small hook gear.
• The species catch in Croatia is ~ 30 t yearly, and the entire Mediterranean is ~ 1,000 t annually.

Merlangius merlangus - whiting

• Distributed in the Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean and Black Sea
• Prefers shallower areas: 30-100 m.
• Mostly caught in the Atlantic where the largest annual catches are by Great Britain, France and Turkey.
• The total world catch in 2022 was 37,147 t.
• Mainly dispersed in the northern Adriatic to a lesser extent in the central.
• The catch is approximately 50 tons in Croatia.

Micromesistius poutassou - blue whiting

• Distribution is North-west and North-east Atlantic, West and Central Mediterranean (and Adriatic)
• Bathypelagic species, oceanodromous, the depth range of 150-3.000 m, usually 300-400 m
• The countries with the largest catches Norway and Russia
• Most catches come from the North-east Atlantic
• World catch in 2022, 1,043,175 t
• Mainly spread in the southern part of the Adriatic, and in the middle part of Jabuka pit
• The catch is approximately 5 tons in Croatia.

Micromesistius australis - southern blue whiting

• Consists of two separate populations, the M. a. australis dispersed in waters around South America and M. a. pallidus dispersed around New Zealand.
• Bentopelagic, oceanodromous species.
• Most represented in catches in Argentina and New Zealand
• The catch in 2022 measures 38,878 t