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Questions and Answers
Why was the Proclamation of 1763 met with outrage by colonists?
Why was the Proclamation of 1763 met with outrage by colonists?
What was a key reason for the failure of the Albany Plan of Union?
What was a key reason for the failure of the Albany Plan of Union?
What was the primary reason Britain abandoned its policy of 'salutary neglect' after the French and Indian War?
What was the primary reason Britain abandoned its policy of 'salutary neglect' after the French and Indian War?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between mercantilism and the outbreak of the French and Indian War?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between mercantilism and the outbreak of the French and Indian War?
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What event is known as a bold act of defiance against British rule, involving the dumping of tea into Boston Harbor?
What event is known as a bold act of defiance against British rule, involving the dumping of tea into Boston Harbor?
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Which event was enacted by Parliament as a response to the Boston Tea Party?
Which event was enacted by Parliament as a response to the Boston Tea Party?
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What was the primary objective of the First Continental Congress?
What was the primary objective of the First Continental Congress?
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Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?
Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?
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What major outcome resulted from the Battle of Saratoga in 1777?
What major outcome resulted from the Battle of Saratoga in 1777?
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What document formally ended the American Revolution and recognized the United States as an independent nation?
What document formally ended the American Revolution and recognized the United States as an independent nation?
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Flashcards
Mercantilism
Mercantilism
An economic system where a mother country controls its colonies and resources for profit.
Albany Plan of Union
Albany Plan of Union
A proposal by Benjamin Franklin to unite the American colonies for better trade and defense.
French and Indian War
French and Indian War
A conflict from 1754 to 1763 between British and French colonists, ending with British victory.
Proclamation of 1763
Proclamation of 1763
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Salutary Neglect
Salutary Neglect
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Impact of the War on Colonies
Impact of the War on Colonies
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Colonial Resentment
Colonial Resentment
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British Debt Post-War
British Debt Post-War
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No taxation without representation
No taxation without representation
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The Stamp Act
The Stamp Act
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Sons of Liberty
Sons of Liberty
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The Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party
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The Intolerable Acts
The Intolerable Acts
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First Continental Congress
First Continental Congress
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Lexington and Concord
Lexington and Concord
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Second Continental Congress
Second Continental Congress
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Battle of Saratoga
Battle of Saratoga
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Treaty of Paris 1783
Treaty of Paris 1783
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Study Notes
Mercantilism and the French and Indian War
- Mercantilism, an economic system, dictates a powerful nation controls colonies for profit.
- Britain, desiring more land and resources, expanded its control in North America, fueling conflict with France.
The Albany Plan of Union
- In 1754, Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan of Union to unify American colonies, strengthening trade and defense against Native Americans.
- However, the plan was rejected by colonies prioritizing their individual interests.
The French and Indian War
- Lasting from 1754 to 1763, the French and Indian War was a direct conflict from mercantilist desires.
- Settlers clashed over land with French colonists and Native Americans.
- Britain won, gaining control of Canada and land east of the Mississippi.
- The war exposed divisions between Britain and colonists and led to financial strain for Britain.
The Proclamation of 1763
- King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763, restricting colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains to avoid conflict with Native Americans.
- Colonists viewed this as restricting their freedom and westward expansion.
Increased Taxation
- Britain, burdened by war debt, abandoned the policy of "salutary neglect" (relaxed control over colonies).
- To recoup losses, Britain imposed new taxes on colonists, believing colonists should contribute to the war benefitting them.
- The "No taxation without representation!" cry arose as colonists lacked voice in Parliament.
Colonial Resistance
- The Stamp Act of 1765 sparked widespread protests, leading to boycotts and targeted tax collectors by the Sons of Liberty.
- The Boston Tea Party (1773) was a bold act of defiance, with colonists dumping tea to protest British monopoly and lack of representation.
- The Intolerable Acts, punitive measures in response to the Boston Tea Party, further incensed colonists.
The First Continental Congress
- Representatives from twelve colonies met at the First Continental Congress, seeking reconciliation but starting to organize a unified response.
- They sent a petition to King George III and urged colonists to form militias.
Beginning of the Revolution
- Lexington and Concord (April 19, 1775) marked the start of the American Revolution, with clashes between British soldiers and colonial militias.
- The Second Continental Congress, meeting in Philadelphia in May 1775, declared independence.
Declaring Independence
- Thomas Jefferson drafted and the Second Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence, declaring the thirteen colonies independent from Great Britain.
Turning Points
- The Battle of Saratoga (1777) was a crucial victory for the colonists, boosting morale and persuading France to support America militarily.
- The Battle of Yorktown (1781) resulted in the British surrender, marking the end of the war.
Treaty of Paris
- The Treaty of Paris (1783) formally ended the American Revolution, recognizing the United States as an independent nation, establishing its boundaries, and signifying the start of a new era for the nation.
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Description
Explore the economic and political factors surrounding Mercantilism and its role in the French and Indian War. Discover how British expansionist desires led to conflict with France and Native Americans, and the implications on colonial unity and British-colonial relations. This quiz also covers key events like the Albany Plan of Union and the Proclamation of 1763.
