Mental Status Examination and Mood Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary emotional symptom associated with anorexia?

Euphoria

Perfectionism (correct)

Sociability

Indifference

Which of the following is NOT typically a withdrawal symptom of cocaine?

Drowsiness

Depression

Cravings

Increased energy (correct)

How should bulimic patients be educated regarding their weight management?

They should strive to gain weight.

They should focus on losing weight.

They should aim to maintain their weight. (correct)

They should not weigh themselves at all.

Which sign may indicate that a professional is impaired?

Frequent volunteering to be the medication nurse Signup and view all the answers

What is a common physical symptom of bulimia?

Weight fluctuations Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive symptom is strongly associated with anorexia?

Fear of gaining weight Signup and view all the answers

What are patients with substance use disorder required to recognize about their condition?

They must acknowledge the need for abstinence. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following emotional symptoms is common among bulimic patients?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What kind of physical symptom is indicative of anorexia?

Low body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of interventions for patients with eating disorders?

To help patients gain or maintain a healthy weight. Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a non-benzodiazepine used for treating anxiety?

Buspirone Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with benzodiazepines like diazepam and lorazepam?

Sedation Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants requires avoidance of tyramine-containing foods?

MAOIs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is an atypical antipsychotic with fewer extrapyramidal symptoms?

Risperidone Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is lithium classified as?

Mood stabilizer Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is indicated for the treatment of manic episodes in bipolar disorder?

Valproic acid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is an anticholinergic used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease?

Benztropine Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is notably produced by typical antipsychotic medications such as haloperidol?

Dystonia Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants includes buspirone?

Atypical Antidepressants Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using depot medications in psychiatric treatment?

To enhance adherence in patients who struggle with compliance Signup and view all the answers

Which section of the Mental Status Examination primarily assesses a patient's physical presentation, including grooming and motor behavior?

General Observations Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT typically evaluated during the sensorium section of the Mental Status Examination?

Affect Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of mania in bipolar disorder?

Exaggerated self-confidence Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is considered least restrictive when managing a patient exhibiting manic symptoms?

Preventing physical harm Signup and view all the answers

During the nursing process, what is the primary purpose of the Assessment stage?

Conducting the Mental Status Examination Signup and view all the answers

Which question is critical to assess a client's suicide risk effectively?

Does the client have a specific plan for suicide? Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is typically switched to if a mood stabilizer is ineffective in managing mood disorders?

Anticonvulsants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following Mood Disorders involves periods of abnormally elevated mood?

Bipolar Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'congruency' refer to in the context of Affect/Mood during a mental status exam?

The alignment of emotional response to the situation Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the Mental Status Examination helps assess a patient's ability to understand complex ideas or engage in abstract thinking?

Intellectual Functioning Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mental Status Examination (MSE) Review

Sections of the MSE: Review each section and the terms used for each. (Review the MSE form!)
General Observations: Appearance, Grooming, Dress
Motor Behavior/Activity: Physical condition, Rapport/Reaction
Sensorium: Memory, Orientation, Semantic/Intellectual Functioning, Concentration, Abstraction, Calculation
Affect/Mood: Affect, Mood, Congruency
Thought Processes: Thought Content, Thought Form, Insight and Judgment
Nursing Process (ADPIE): Assessment (MSE is part of this), Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

Mood Disorders

Depression
Bipolar Disorder: Mania Characteristics (abnormally upbeat, jumpy, wired, increased activity/energy, exaggerated sense of well-being and self-confidence, decreased need for sleep, unusual talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility)
Mania Interventions (least restrictive first): Prevent physical harm, redirect the patient, support the patient to maintain self-control.
Suicide Risk: Questions to ask include whether the client has thoughts/ideas of suicide, a plan, means to act on the plan, intent to act on the plan, and the lethality of the plan. Safety is paramount.

Substance Use Disorders

Alcohol, Cocaine: Withdrawal symptoms, consequences of substance use.
Key patient education points: acknowledgement of consequences, need for abstinence from substance.

Eating Disorders

Anorexia: Physical symptoms (low body weight, amenorrhea, muscle weakness, yellow skin, dehydration, nutritional deficiencies); emotional/cognitive symptoms (depression, anxiety, perfectionism, obsessiveness, fear of gaining weight). Interventions include educating patients that perfection isn't attainable & weight gain can occur as part of treatment.
Bulimia: Physical symptoms (normal or overweight, fluctuations in weight, irregular bowel function); emotional/cognitive symptoms (depression, anxiety, low self-esteem); Interventions include: establishing a plan to stop binging/purging, and maintaining a healthy weight (weight restoration may not be necessary).

Pharmacology

Antianxiety Medications: Benzodiazepines (diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam) and Non-Benzodiazepines (buspirone) - side effects like sedation, drowsiness, importance of patient education on not operating heavy machinery while taking medication.
Antidepressant Medications: TCAs (amitriptyline, imipramine, nortriptyline), SSRIs (fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline), SNRIs (venlafaxine, duloxetine), MAOIs (tranylcypromine, phenelzine)--Avoid tyramine containing foods with MAOIs; and Atypical Antidepressants (bupropion, trazodone).
Antimanic Medications/Mood Stabilizers: Lithium, Anticonvulsants (valproic acid, carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine).
Antipsychotic Medications: Typical Antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, haloperidol, fluphenazine, thioridazine, thiothixene), Atypical Antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine) -side effects, patient education and information.
Antiparkinson Medications: Dopaminergic agents (carbidopa/levodopa), Dopamine Agonist (pramipexole), Anticholinergic (benztropine) and Antihistamine (diphenhydramine).

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Description

This quiz reviews the Mental Status Examination (MSE) sections, including observations, motor behavior, sensorium, affect, and thought processes. Additionally, it explores mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, focusing on characteristics and interventions for mania. Test your knowledge on these essential psychiatric concepts!