Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which technique is considered a therapeutic communication method?
Which technique is considered a therapeutic communication method?
What is the appropriate pulse rate for an adult?
What is the appropriate pulse rate for an adult?
Which of the following is a non-therapeutic communication technique?
Which of the following is a non-therapeutic communication technique?
What is the normal respiratory rate range for adults?
What is the normal respiratory rate range for adults?
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Which technique can help in exploring a patient's feelings during a conversation?
Which technique can help in exploring a patient's feelings during a conversation?
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When should a rectal temperature be taken?
When should a rectal temperature be taken?
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How does anxiety affect heart rate?
How does anxiety affect heart rate?
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Which communication technique is useful for focusing on a topic?
Which communication technique is useful for focusing on a topic?
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Which symptom is characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
Which symptom is characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
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What primary safety concern should be addressed first when dealing with a patient in a manic episode of Bipolar Disorder?
What primary safety concern should be addressed first when dealing with a patient in a manic episode of Bipolar Disorder?
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What is the therapeutic lithium level range to avoid toxicity?
What is the therapeutic lithium level range to avoid toxicity?
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Which condition is characterized by a chronic and non-reversible decline in cognitive function?
Which condition is characterized by a chronic and non-reversible decline in cognitive function?
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What treatment is commonly used for schizophrenia that necessitates regular lab monitoring?
What treatment is commonly used for schizophrenia that necessitates regular lab monitoring?
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Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
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Which disorder involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive actions to manage anxiety?
Which disorder involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive actions to manage anxiety?
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What is the primary purpose of conducting a cultural assessment?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a cultural assessment?
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Which of the following statements best describes objective data?
Which of the following statements best describes objective data?
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Which of the following is a common symptom of body dysmorphic disorder?
Which of the following is a common symptom of body dysmorphic disorder?
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Which symptom is NOT associated with shock?
Which symptom is NOT associated with shock?
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What is an essential strategy for managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
What is an essential strategy for managing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
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Identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) is important because it helps to:
Identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) is important because it helps to:
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What type of warning signs might indicate a potential deterioration in a patient’s condition?
What type of warning signs might indicate a potential deterioration in a patient’s condition?
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Which set of symptoms indicates Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) in adults?
Which set of symptoms indicates Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD) in adults?
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What is the normal capillary refill time considered to be?
What is the normal capillary refill time considered to be?
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What is a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
What is a sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
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The functional assessment focuses on which aspect of a patient's health?
The functional assessment focuses on which aspect of a patient's health?
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Which of the following heart sounds is abnormal and may indicate heart failure?
Which of the following heart sounds is abnormal and may indicate heart failure?
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Which percussion sound would be expected over an air-filled structure like the stomach?
Which percussion sound would be expected over an air-filled structure like the stomach?
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Which component is NOT typically included in a comprehensive health history?
Which component is NOT typically included in a comprehensive health history?
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In the context of mental health, what does maladaptation refer to?
In the context of mental health, what does maladaptation refer to?
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A high heart rate during exercise is an example of:
A high heart rate during exercise is an example of:
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During a lung assessment, which of the following abnormal sounds is associated with airway constriction?
During a lung assessment, which of the following abnormal sounds is associated with airway constriction?
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Which ego defense mechanism involves justifying behavior with logical reasons?
Which ego defense mechanism involves justifying behavior with logical reasons?
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In assessing for chronic venous insufficiency, which symptom would you most likely observe?
In assessing for chronic venous insufficiency, which symptom would you most likely observe?
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Which symptom is indicative of fluid volume overload in adults?
Which symptom is indicative of fluid volume overload in adults?
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Which of the following is not one of the Six Ps of Acute Arterial Occlusion?
Which of the following is not one of the Six Ps of Acute Arterial Occlusion?
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What should be avoided to maintain rapport in therapeutic communication?
What should be avoided to maintain rapport in therapeutic communication?
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Which of the following is an early indicator of shock?
Which of the following is an early indicator of shock?
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What is the appropriate auscultation order for cardiac assessment?
What is the appropriate auscultation order for cardiac assessment?
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Which assessment should be performed first in a focused assessment of a patient presenting with chest pain?
Which assessment should be performed first in a focused assessment of a patient presenting with chest pain?
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What period is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens?
What period is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens?
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Which of the following illnesses is NOT considered a teratogen?
Which of the following illnesses is NOT considered a teratogen?
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What is included in the GTPAL system for pregnancy outcomes?
What is included in the GTPAL system for pregnancy outcomes?
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What is the normal range for fetal heart rate (FHR)?
What is the normal range for fetal heart rate (FHR)?
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Which fetal circulation shunt allows blood to bypass the lungs?
Which fetal circulation shunt allows blood to bypass the lungs?
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How is Naegel’s Rule utilized to estimate the date of delivery?
How is Naegel’s Rule utilized to estimate the date of delivery?
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In fetal heart rate monitoring, what does sustained tachycardia indicate?
In fetal heart rate monitoring, what does sustained tachycardia indicate?
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What does IUGR stand for, and what does it indicate?
What does IUGR stand for, and what does it indicate?
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Study Notes
History Taking and Physical Examination
- Recognizing Cues (Normal vs. Abnormal): Nurses assess patient data to determine if findings are typical or indicate potential problems. A high heart rate during activity might be normal, but a sudden change is concerning.
- Identifying Warning Signs: Abnormal mental status, vital sign changes, or new symptoms signal potential deterioration and require immediate action.
- Subjective Data (Symptoms): This includes patient-reported experiences like pain, fatigue, or nausea. It is not directly measurable but relies on communication. Example: patient reports nausea and dizziness for three days.
- Objective Data (Signs): Observable and measurable data, such as high temperature, swelling, or abnormal heart rhythms, obtained through assessments and diagnostic tools.
- Health History Components and Purpose: Comprehensive health history includes current complaints, past medical history, family history, social history, and review of systems. This helps understand baseline health and risk factors.
- Functional Assessment Components and Purpose: Evaluating how health impacts daily activities (walking, cooking, bathing, etc.) Understanding this helps tailor care.
- Cultural Assessment Purpose: Care respects patients' cultural beliefs and practices, improving trust and adherence to treatment plans, including dietary preferences, spiritual practices, and views on medical treatments
- Identify Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) / Barriers to Care: Identifying barriers like housing, employment, education, transportation, and access to care helps address inequalities and improve outcomes.
- **Use of Therapeutic Communication:**Effective communication, using techniques like active listening and open-ended questions, builds rapport and gathers accurate information, especially important during patient interactions and professional communications with coworkers.
Therapeutic Communication Techniques
- Using silence
- Accepting
- Giving recognition
- Offering self
- Giving broad openings
- Offering general leads
- Placing the event in time or sequence
- Making observations
- Encouraging description of perceptions
- Encouraging comparison
- Restating
- Reflecting
- Focusing
- Exploring
- Seeking clarification and validation
- Presenting reality
- Voicing doubt
- Verbalizing the implied
- Attempting to translate words into feelings
- Formulating a plan of action
- Giving false reassurance
- Rejecting
- Approving or disapproving
- Agreeing or disagreeing
- Giving advice
- Probing
- Defending
- Requesting an explanation
- Indicating the existence of an external source of power
- Belittling feelings expressed
- Making stereotypical comments
- Using denial
- Interpreting
- Introducing an unrelated topic
Vital Signs
- Temperature: Body temperature reflects physiological function. Axillary measurements are common in children.
- Pulse: Measured in beats per minute (bpm). Increased in fever, pain, anxiety, and stimulants.
- Respiration: Measured in breaths per minute (bpm). Rates below 12 or above 20 are significant.
- Blood Pressure (BP): Affected by stress, pain, and fluid balance.
- Oxygen Saturation (O2 sat): Normal is 95-100%. Below 90% indicates hypoxemia.
- Pain (6th Vital Sign): Uses OPQRST mnemonic for assessment (Onset, Provocation/Palliative, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing).
Physical Assessment
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Purpose: Assess baseline, identify abnormalities, and evaluate changes over time; enables tailored care plans
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Techniques:
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Inspection: Observing patient's appearance.
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Palpation: Using hands to feel texture, temperature, and tenderness.
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Percussion: Tapping body parts to evaluate underlying structures.
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Auscultation: Listening for sounds using a stethoscope (cardiac, lung, and bowel sounds).
Additional Topics
- Abdomen Techniques: Auscultate bowel sounds before palpating.
- HEENOT: Includes assessing head, eyes, ears, nose, oral cavity, and throat.
- Thorax/Chest: Assessing the heart, including apical pulse and characteristic heart sounds. Also, assess lung sounds.
- Abdomen - Percussion Sounds: Differentiate between bone, solid organs, and air-filled structures. Percussion evaluates these structures.
- Extremities: Assess distal circulation (pulses and capillary refill). In extremity assessment, color, sensation, mobility, and perfusion are also important.
- Mental Health as a Continuum: Mental health exists on a spectrum, from healthy coping to maladaptive behaviors. Illness occurs when stressors overwhelm the ability to adapt.
- Ego Defense Mechanisms: These unconscious processes help manage stress but can distort reality. Examples include denial, displacement, and rationalization.
- Therapeutic Communication (as listed above)
- Substance Use: Substances like alcohol and benzodiazepines slow down the CNS, leading to decreased heart rate and breathing. Withdrawal can cause increased activity and stimulation.
- Maternal-Newborn Nursing: Includes antepartal, intrapartal, and postpartum periods, ethical dilemmas, and potential complications.
- Specific Disorders/Conditions covered include various categories of disorders such as personality disorders, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, and others, along with assessments and treatments.
- Focused Assessments: Target specific complaints or injuries (e.g., chest pain, trauma) to prioritize information collection and address patient needs efficiently.
- Fluid volume balance: Determining if a patient has fluid volume deficit or excess is key for accurate care.
- Pain: This is considered a vital sign and should be assessed and treated accordingly.
- Safety: Ensuring patient safety is a priority in all assessments; noting risk factors (suicide, self-harm) during mental health screening is crucial.
- Other specific assessments: A variety of specific physical assessment techniques used in different contexts, particularly for pregnancies, newborn conditions, and other specific medical problems.
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Description
Test your knowledge on mental health nursing concepts including therapeutic communication, vital signs, and common mental health disorders. This quiz covers topics related to patient care, communication techniques, and treatment protocols in mental health settings. Enhance your understanding of important nursing practices in mental health.
