75 Questions
What is the specific cause of Nocturnal Delirium (sundown syndrome)?
Change in the day
Which term refers to the inability to recognize or name objects despite having intact sensory ability?
Agnosia
What is the umbrella term for a mental disorder involving multiple cognitive deficits?
Dementia
What is the specific cause of Delirium according to the text?
Misuse of medication
Which term refers to a disturbance of cognitive ability characterized by confusion and anxiety?
Delirium
What is the term for the mental disorder involving multiple cognitive deficits and associated with aphasia, echolalia, and apraxia?
Dementia
What is the term for the inability to stop behavior and the inhibition of complex behavior?
Disturbed Executive Functioning
Which neurotransmitters are affected by SSRI and SNRI drugs?
Serotonin and norepinephrine
Which neurotransmitters are inhibitory?
Serotonin, dopamine, and GABA
What is the role of monoamine oxidase in the synapse?
Breaks down neurotransmitters
Which treatments are used for PTSD?
Cognitive processing, prolonged exposure, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
What are examples of mental health disorders?
Cyberchondriasis, body dysmorphia, and factitious disorders
What treatments are involved in anxiety disorders?
Medication, coping mechanisms, and changing thoughts and feelings to alter behavior
What are the phases of mental health nursing interventions?
Acute, stabilization, and community
What is the narrow therapeutic range for lithium?
0.6 - 1.2 meq/L
What is the primary excretory organ for lithium?
Kidneys
What is the main adverse effect associated with lithium toxicity?
Nausea and vomiting
Which medication is commonly used as a mood stabilizer for the depressed phase of bipolar disorder?
Abilify
What is the aim of coping in the context of therapeutic communication?
To change behavior
What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy?
Reshaping thoughts and behavior
Which category of symptoms is associated with bipolar disorder type 1?
Manic
What is the primary function of antipsychotic medications in the context of bipolar disorder treatment?
Managing psychotic symptoms
What is the main characteristic of dysthymic disorder?
Chronic depression
Which neurotransmitter is associated with low levels in Alzheimer's disease?
Acetylcholine
What type of therapy is used to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Behavior modification therapy
What physical adaptations can anxiety trigger?
Increased respiratory rate, dilated pupils, and glycogen release
Which disorder involves excessive worry and anxiety?
Generalized anxiety disorder
What is the most common type of dementia?
Alzheimer's disease
What physical maladaptations can chronic stress lead to?
Decreased immunity, increased acid production, hypertension
What is the primary focus of nursing care for Alzheimer's patients?
Meeting basic needs and maintaining a supportive environment
What is the specific cause of Nocturnal Delirium (sundown syndrome) according to the text?
Restlessness and confusion due to change in the day
Which term refers to the inability to recognize or name objects despite having intact sensory ability?
Agnosia
What is the umbrella term for a mental disorder involving multiple cognitive deficits?
Dementia
Which term refers to a disturbance of cognitive ability characterized by confusion and anxiety?
Delirium
What is the specific cause of Delirium according to the text?
Physiological or psychological stress
What is the most common type of Dementia according to the text?
Alzheimer disease
What is the term for the inability to stop behavior and the inhibition of complex behavior?
Disturbed Executive Functioning
Which neurotransmitter is associated with high levels in Alzheimer's disease?
Dopamine
What is the primary neurotransmitter affected by cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's treatment?
Acetylcholine
What is the main characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder?
Excessive worry and anxiety
What is the primary physical adaptation triggered by anxiety?
Increased respiratory rate
What is the main goal of mental health specialists in reinforcing positive behavior?
Helping clients understand the importance of treatment
What is the primary focus of desensitization therapy for treating phobias?
Increasing anxiety tolerance
What is the primary treatment approach for managing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Encouraging verbalization of experiences
Which neurotransmitter is broken down by monoamine oxidase in the synapse?
Serotonin
Which type of drugs prevent reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine?
SSRI and SNRI drugs
What type of treatments are used for somatic disorders and pain disorders?
Stress inoculation training
Which medications are used for depression treatment?
Tricyclic antidepressants
What are the examples of excitatory neurotransmitters?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine
What are the treatments for PTSD?
Cognitive processing, prolonged exposure
What is the umbrella term for mental health disorders involving multiple cognitive deficits?
Neurocognitive disorders
What is the primary function of antipsychotic medications in the context of bipolar disorder treatment?
Stabilize mood and prevent manic episodes
Which neurotransmitter is associated with low levels in Alzheimer's disease?
Acetylcholine
What is the specific cause of Delirium according to the text?
Underlying medical condition or illness
What is the narrow therapeutic range for lithium?
0.6 - 1.2 meq/L
What treatments are used for PTSD?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy and exposure therapy
What is the term for the inability to recognize or name objects despite having intact sensory ability?
Agnosia
Which neurotransmitters are affected by SSRI and SNRI drugs?
Serotonin and norepinephrine
What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy?
Identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors
What is the main adverse effect associated with lithium toxicity?
Tremors and confusion
What is the specific cause of delirium according to the text?
Physiological or psychological stress
What term refers to the inability to recognize or name objects despite having intact sensory ability?
Agnosia
What is the term for the inability to stop behavior and the inhibition of complex behavior?
Executive functioning
Which neurotransmitter is primarily affected by SSRIs and SNRIs?
Norepinephrine
What are the primary treatments for PTSD mentioned in the text?
Cognitive processing, prolonged exposure, and stress inoculation training
What is the primary focus of mental health nursing interventions?
Acute, stabilization, and community phases of care
Which neurotransmitter is associated with low levels in Alzheimer's disease?
Acetylcholine
What is the primary characteristic of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?
Excessive worry and anxiety
What is the main goal of nursing care for Alzheimer's patients?
Meeting basic needs and maintaining a supportive environment
What is the primary excretory organ for lithium?
Kidneys
What is the narrow therapeutic range for lithium?
0.6 - 1.2 meq/L
What is the primary function of antipsychotic medications in the context of bipolar disorder treatment?
Stabilize mood
What is the main adverse effect associated with lithium toxicity?
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea
What is the specific cause of Nocturnal Delirium (sundown syndrome)?
Disruption of the body's internal clock
What are the categories of symptoms associated with bipolar disorder type 1?
Mania and depression
Study Notes
Mental Health Disorders and Treatments
- Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia and is associated with low levels of acetylcholine and high levels of dopamine in the brain.
- Medical treatment for Alzheimer's includes cholinesterase inhibitors like rivastigmine and galantamine, tailored to the patient's symptoms.
- Nursing care for Alzheimer's patients involves meeting basic needs, maintaining a supportive environment, and providing appropriate milieu for therapy.
- Anxiety can trigger the fight or flight response, leading to physical adaptations such as increased respiratory rate, dilated pupils, and glycogen release.
- Four levels of anxiety are mild, moderate, severe, and panic, each with distinct physical and psychological symptoms.
- Chronic stress can lead to decreased immunity, increased acid production, hypertension, and other physical maladaptations.
- Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, while panic disorder involves intense, escalating anxiety episodes.
- Mental health specialists aim to reinforce positive behavior and help clients understand the importance of treatment.
- Phobias, such as agoraphobia and social phobia, can be treated using relaxation techniques and desensitization therapy.
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves unconscious thoughts and rituals used to decrease anxiety, and can be managed with behavior modification therapy.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with tragic events and can lead to emotional numbness, disturbing behavior, and increased risk of suicide.
- Treatment for PTSD includes encouraging individuals to verbalize their experiences, creating a therapeutic environment, and using medications to reduce anxiety.
Mental Health and Treatment Summary
- SSRI and SNRI drugs prevent reuptake of neurotransmitters, affecting serotonin and norepinephrine.
- Excitatory neurotransmitters include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine, while inhibitory neurotransmitters include serotonin, dopamine, and GABA.
- Monoamine oxidase breaks down neurotransmitters in the synapse, and inhibitors are used to regulate mood and behavior.
- Medications including beta blockers, benzodiazepines, and high-alert drugs like narcotics require careful administration.
- Treatments for PTSD include cognitive processing, prolonged exposure, and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing.
- Stress inoculation training and relaxation treatments are used for somatic disorders and pain disorders.
- Cyberchondriasis, body dysmorphia, and factitious disorders are examples of mental health disorders.
- Treatments for anxiety disorders involve medication, coping mechanisms, and changing thoughts and feelings to alter behavior.
- Mental health nursing interventions involve three phases: acute, stabilization, and community.
- Mood disorders include major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, bipolar disorder, and suicide.
- Depression treatments include medications such as SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, and MAOIs, as well as psychotherapy and electro-convulsive therapy.
- Nursing considerations for patients with major depressive disorder involve prioritizing care based on psychological needs and providing support.
Mental Health Disorders and Treatments
- Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia and is associated with low levels of acetylcholine and high levels of dopamine in the brain.
- Medical treatment for Alzheimer's includes cholinesterase inhibitors like rivastigmine and galantamine, tailored to the patient's symptoms.
- Nursing care for Alzheimer's patients involves meeting basic needs, maintaining a supportive environment, and providing appropriate milieu for therapy.
- Anxiety can trigger the fight or flight response, leading to physical adaptations such as increased respiratory rate, dilated pupils, and glycogen release.
- Four levels of anxiety are mild, moderate, severe, and panic, each with distinct physical and psychological symptoms.
- Chronic stress can lead to decreased immunity, increased acid production, hypertension, and other physical maladaptations.
- Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, while panic disorder involves intense, escalating anxiety episodes.
- Mental health specialists aim to reinforce positive behavior and help clients understand the importance of treatment.
- Phobias, such as agoraphobia and social phobia, can be treated using relaxation techniques and desensitization therapy.
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves unconscious thoughts and rituals used to decrease anxiety, and can be managed with behavior modification therapy.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with tragic events and can lead to emotional numbness, disturbing behavior, and increased risk of suicide.
- Treatment for PTSD includes encouraging individuals to verbalize their experiences, creating a therapeutic environment, and using medications to reduce anxiety.
Test your knowledge of mental health disorders and their treatments with this quiz. Explore topics such as Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about medical and nursing care, physical and psychological symptoms, and therapy approaches.
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