Slide 3- Notes quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary approach taken towards individuals with mental illness in the NCRMP?

Their issues are seen solely as criminal failures.

They receive treatment rather than punishment. (correct)

They are punished for their actions.

They are confined indefinitely without assessment.

What was a common view of crime during the European Middle Ages?

Society believed in a secular approach to justice.

Crime was viewed strictly as a legal matter.

Criminal acts were closely related to sin and social order. (correct)

Crime was seen as separate from religious beliefs.

What role did clergy play in the context of ordeals in the Middle Ages?

Clergy were solely responsible for punishing the guilty.

Clergy only offered spiritual guidance and no judicial authority.

Clergy supervised the ritualized tests to determine guilt or innocence. (correct)

Clergy had no involvement in the legal matters.

In the social contract theory put forth by Hobbes, what do individuals agree to in exchange for protection?

They give up some freedom to a sovereign authority. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method was used in the Middle Ages to determine guilt through divine intervention?

Trial by combat. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What recent shift has occurred regarding the perception of drug use?

It has shifted back toward criminalization. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential outcome for someone assessed as not posing a risk after treatment in the NCRMP?

They can be conditionally discharged. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the clergy have on the legal outcomes during the Middle Ages?

They played a key role in determining the guilt of individuals through ordeals. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle that Cesare Beccaria advocated regarding punishment?

Punishment should be formulated based on the severity of the crime. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What did Jeremy Bentham believe regarding the criminal justice system?

It should emphasize harsh punishments to prevent criminality. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What limitation of the classical school of criminology is highlighted in the content?

Punishment is rarely swift and certain. (A) Signup and view all the answers

The term 'tabula rasa' refers to which of the following concepts?

The belief that individuals start as blank slates. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which figure is noted as having a significant impact on the classical school of criminology along with Cesare Beccaria?

Jeremy Bentham (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the system known as the 'bloody code'?

It included hundreds of offenses punishable by death. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What critical view does the classical school of criminology take towards inflexible laws?

They can result in injustices. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of rationalism emphasize in the context provided?

Free will and logical decision-making. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

NCRMP Video

Less than 1% of people with a history of mental illness reoffend violently.
Mental illness can lead to various outcomes, including confinement.
Periodic assessments determine if a person poses a risk.
This reassessment process differs from the criminal justice system because it focuses on treatment rather than punishment.
Concerns are seen as a health issue, not a crime.
Possible outcomes include conditional discharge or absolute discharge.

Shifts Today

Drug use is now often viewed as a health issue rather than a criminal act.
Law enforcement is not the best agency for handling complex mental health and drug-related problems.

Chapter 3: Demonic Area

Historical context: Crime and sin were closely linked during the Middle Ages and beyond.
Religious notions strongly influenced social order.
Clergy and religious figures had a significant impact on how mundane crimes were handled.
Suspected criminals were subjected to ritualized tests to ascertain guilt or innocence (ordeals).
Divine intervention determined innocence or guilt.
Ordeals were supervised by clergy who called on God to determine if the accused is guilty or not.
Methods included water ordeals (sinking meant innocence, floating meant guilt).
Other factors influencing the ordeal included lack of proof or evidence, and often used as intimidation.

Video: Ordeals

Suspected criminals faced ritualized tests (ordeals) to determine guilt or innocence.
The tests were intended to reveal whether God would help the innocent but not the guilty.
Punishments were applied if the suspect failed the ordeal.

Hobbes posited that in the absence of a state, individuals pursue their self-interests.
Society is formed when individuals agree to give up some freedoms for protection.
The state protects the social body.
Locke's view is that humans are born without innate ideas (tabula rasa) and a role of the state exists for the good of everyone.
He argued that the state has a role in promoting liberty and the common good.
Enlightenment-era thinking emphasized free will, rational decisions, and inherent rights.

Classical School of Criminology

Developed by Beccaria and Bentham.
Criticized the overly harsh and unjust legal systems of their time.
Stressed the necessity to limit the power of the state.
Punishment should have a purpose of deterrence and fit the crime (swift and certain).

Justice and Reason

Rational and reasonable actions are valued.

Limitations of the Classical School

Punishment is not always swift and certain in reality.
Humans don't always act rationally.
Neoclassical theory emerged to acknowledge other factors in crime.
People are not always motivated to behave in a rational manner.
Focus on a person's history or context rather than exclusively focused on the act.

Focuses on individual learning through observation and imitation.
Individuals model their behavior on what they see.
Little empirical support.

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Description

This quiz explores the relationship between mental health, criminal behavior, and societal perceptions, highlighting how assessment processes differ from traditional criminal justice approaches. It also examines historical contexts regarding crime and religious influence. Gain insights into contemporary views on drug use and mental health issues.