Mental Health and Counseling Quiz

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What is the difference between mental health and mental illness?

Mental health refers to the overall well-being of a person's mind, while mental illness refers to a specific condition or disorder that affects a person's mental health (correct)

Mental health is the absence of mental illness, while mental illness is the absence of mental health

Mental health is a medical diagnosis, while mental illness is a social construct

Mental health is a temporary state of mind, while mental illness is a permanent condition

What is flourishing in counseling?

A state of being in which a person is able to achieve all of their goals

A state of being in which a person is experiencing happiness and joy on a regular basis

A state of being in which a person is able to manage their mental illness symptoms effectively

A state of being in which a person is functioning well in all areas of their life (correct)

What is the difference between physical, psychological, social, and emotional well-being?

Physical well-being refers to the body, psychological well-being refers to the mind, social well-being refers to relationships, and emotional well-being refers to feelings (correct)

Physical well-being refers to relationships, psychological well-being refers to the body, social well-being refers to the mind, and emotional well-being refers to the spirit

Physical well-being refers to the spirit, psychological well-being refers to the mind, social well-being refers to the body, and emotional well-being refers to relationships

Physical well-being refers to the mind, psychological well-being refers to relationships, social well-being refers to feelings, and emotional well-being refers to the body

What is the difference between counseling and psychology?

Counseling focuses on specific issues or problems, while psychology focuses on overall mental health and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What was the total number of meta-analyses included in the review?

269 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the meta-analytic studies were published after 2004?

84% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of treatment showed no additional benefit for anxiety disorders in the elderly beyond relaxation training alone?

CBT alone Signup and view all the answers

Which study found that CBT significantly decreased anxiety symptoms compared to waiting-list control or other treatment methods?

Hendriks et al., 2008 Signup and view all the answers

Where can the complete reference list for the final sample of included meta-analyses be obtained?

<a href="http://www.bostonanxiety.org/cbtreview.html">www.bostonanxiety.org/cbtreview.html</a> Signup and view all the answers

What type of treatment yielded the largest effect sizes for binge eating disorder, according to a meta-analysis?

Structured self-help Signup and view all the answers

What was the efficacy of combination treatment of psychotherapy and medications for binge-eating outcomes, according to a review and meta-analysis?

Enhanced weight loss outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT for preventing relapse in bipolar patients, according to a study?

Somewhat effective Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall effect size of CBT for bipolar disorder, according to meta-analyses?

Small effect size Signup and view all the answers

Is there evidence that CBT as a stand-alone treatment is effective for the treatment of bipolar disorder?

No Signup and view all the answers

What is the core premise of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Psychological distress is maintained by cognitive factors Signup and view all the answers

Which disorders have the strongest support for CBT?

Anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, bulimia, anger control problems, and general stress Signup and view all the answers

How many meta-analytic studies of CBT have been reported on specific subgroups besides children and elderly populations?

None Signup and view all the answers

How many studies compared response rates between CBT and other treatments or control conditions?

11 Signup and view all the answers

What is the core model shared by all disorder-specific CBT protocols?

Maladaptive cognitions contribute to the maintenance of emotional distress and behavioral problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect size range for CBT and medication treatments on chronic depressive symptoms?

Medium-large Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect size of CBT for depression compared to control conditions such as waiting list or no treatment?

Medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of therapy was shown to be superior to relaxation techniques at post-treatment?

CBT Signup and view all the answers

At what follow-up time was CBT shown to be superior to psychodynamic therapy when depression and anxiety symptoms were examined together?

6 months Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of studies on CBT were published after 2004?

84% Signup and view all the answers

What are some common concerns found in meta-analytic examinations of CBT for chronic medical conditions, chronic fatigue, and chronic pain?

Poor methodological design of studies that are included in meta-analyses Signup and view all the answers

What is the preliminary evidence for CBT in treating distress related to pregnancy complications and female hormonal conditions?

There is preliminary evidence for CBT in treating distress related to pregnancy complications and female hormonal conditions Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to parse out the superior effects of CBT in the majority of medical conditions examined?

CBT is grouped with a host of other psychotherapies Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of the review mentioned in the text?

To examine the efficacy of CBT for a variety of problems based on a representative sample of meta-analyses Signup and view all the answers

How many meta-analytic studies were identified in the review?

269 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the problems for which the efficacy of CBT was examined in the review?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder Signup and view all the answers

What other groups were the efficacy of CBT examined in addition to the problems mentioned in the review?

Children and elderly adults Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?

Changing negative patterns of thinking and behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of disorder for which CBT has been studied, according to the meta-analyses mentioned in the text?

Depression and dysthymia Signup and view all the answers

What is the designation used to describe the magnitude of effect sizes in the review of the representative meta-analyses?

Small, medium, and large Signup and view all the answers

What is the widely accepted metric used in psychiatry to report response rates in studies examining the efficacy of CBT in randomized controlled trials?

Reported response rates Signup and view all the answers

How many hits were obtained from the initial search for articles for this review of CBT meta-analyses?

1,163 Signup and view all the answers

What databases were searched to obtain articles for this review of CBT meta-analyses?

PubMed, PsychInfo, and Cochrane library Signup and view all the answers

What is the relative efficacy of CBT compared to other psychosocial treatments for personality disorders?

CBT has superior efficacy compared to other psychosocial treatments for personality disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT compared to other interventions for treating insomnia?

CBT is considerably more effective than other interventions for treating insomnia Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT for sleep problems among older adults?

CBT has small but long-lasting effects on sleep problems among older adults Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT for treating criminal behaviors?

CBT has no effect on treating criminal behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT compared to organization-focused therapies for stress management?

CBT is more effective than organization-focused therapies for stress management Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of effect sizes for CBT treatments for chronic pain according to the meta-analyses mentioned in the text?

Small to medium Signup and view all the answers

Which chronic pain conditions were examined in the meta-analyses mentioned in the text?

Chronic low back pain and rheumatoid arthritis Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment did NOT show efficacy in improving outcomes for individuals who were HIV positive according to the meta-analysis mentioned in the text?

Supportive therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which chronic pain condition did NOT have well-controlled studies according to the text?

Burning mouth syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What type of treatments were examined in the meta-analyses for chronic pain mentioned in the text?

Psychosocial treatments Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analysis on CBT treatments for fibromyalgia reveal?

CBT was superior to other psychological treatments in decreasing pain intensity Signup and view all the answers

What was the finding of the meta-analysis on CBT treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome?

CBT was moderately effective in treating chronic fatigue syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What was the finding of the meta-analysis on CBT treatments for premenstrual syndrome?

CBT was moderately effective in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What was the finding of the meta-analysis on CBT treatments for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents?

CBT was more effective than other psychosocial treatments for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents Signup and view all the answers

What was the finding of the meta-analysis on CBT treatments for depression compared to other active treatment methods?

CBT was equally effective as reminiscence in treating depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT for treating opioid dependence compared to other substances of abuse?

CBT is less effective for treating opioid dependence than other substances of abuse Signup and view all the answers

What is the empirical evidence for the efficacy of CBT in treating chronic symptoms or relapse prevention in psychotic disorders?

CBT is less effective than other treatments for chronic symptoms or relapse prevention in psychotic disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the consensus on the efficacy of CBT for depression and dysthymia based on the meta-analytic literature?

There is weak support for the efficacy of CBT for depression and dysthymia Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficacy of CBT for bipolar disorder compared to pharmacological approaches?

CBT is less effective than pharmacological approaches for bipolar disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the consistency of the efficacy of CBT for anxiety disorders based on the empirical literature?

The efficacy of CBT for anxiety disorders is consistently strong based on the empirical literature Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analytic studies on occupational stress find about the efficacy of CBT compared to other intervention types?

CBT interventions were more effective than other intervention types, especially when focused on psycho-social outcomes in employees Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analytic studies on criminal offenders find about the efficacy of CBT?

CBT was moderately effective in reducing criminal behavior Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analytic reviews on anger control problems and aggression find about the efficacy of CBT?

CBT was moderately effective in reducing anger problems Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analysis on psychological therapies for antisocial personality disorder find about the efficacy of CBT?

CBT plus standard maintenance was more efficacious in terms of leaving the study early and cocaine use for outpatients with antisocial personality disorder and comorbid cocaine dependence Signup and view all the answers

What did the meta-analysis on psychological treatments for borderline personality disorder find?

There were no differences between dialectical behavioral therapy and treatment as usual in individuals meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder at six months, or in hospital admissions in the previous three months Signup and view all the answers