18 Questions
What is the primary hormonal change that induces menstruation?
Increase in estradiol levels
During the ovulatory phase, what event occurs in the ovary?
Rupture of preovulatory follicle wall
What is the primary function of the endometrium during the luteal phase?
Undergoing secretory changes
How many eggs are typically released during each menstrual cycle in humans?
One
What is the role of inhibin B during the follicular phase?
Produced by the dominant follicle
What is the primary outcome if pregnancy does not occur during the menstrual cycle?
Menstruation
What percentage of follicles become atretic?
99%
Which of the following factors contributes to the digestion and rupture of the follicle wall?
Prostaglandins and proteolytic enzymes
How many hours before ovulation does the LH surge occur?
34-36 hours
During which phase of the endometrium is the endometrium UNSTABLE?
E proliferative phase
What is the characteristic of mucus during the luteal phase?
Thick and viscid
What is the result of the rapid decline in steroids during the menstrual phase?
Shedding of the unused endometrium
What is the primary function of the mucinous layer of carbohydrate products discharged from glands and stromal cells in the menstrual fluid?
To protect the endometrium from lytic enzymes
What is the average length of a menstrual cycle, considering a normal variation of +/- 7 days?
28 days
What is the significance of the basalis layer in the menstrual cycle?
It is the layer that is responsible for the repair of the endometrium
What is the term for the breakdown of the endometrial functionalis layer?
Endometrial breakdown
What is the primary component of the menstrual fluid that causes clotting if the rate and flow are high?
Proteolytic enzymes
What is the term for the normal amount of menstrual bleeding, in terms of volume?
Around 80 ml
This quiz covers the menstrual cycle, its hormones, and related disorders, including the role of the HPO axis, endometrium, and sex steroids.
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