Mendel's Pea Plant Experiment
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe an individual that has two identical alleles for a gene?

  • Phenotype
  • Homozygous recessive
  • Heterozygous
  • Homozygous dominant (correct)

    • If an individual has a heterozygous genotype for a gene, what does this mean?

  • The individual has two identical recessive alleles for the gene
  • The individual's phenotype is not known
  • The individual has two different alleles for the gene (correct)
  • The individual has two identical dominant alleles for the gene

    • According to Mendel's laws, what happens when an individual with a heterozygous genotype reproduces?

  • The offspring will all have a homozygous recessive genotype
  • The offspring will all have a homozygous dominant genotype
  • The offspring will have a 50% chance of inheriting each of the parent's alleles (correct)
  • The offspring will all have the same genotype as the parent

    • What is the term used to describe the observable characteristics of an individual?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an individual has a homozygous recessive genotype for a gene, what can be said about the alleles they possess?

    <p>They have two identical recessive alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mendel's Law of Dominance, what happens when an individual with a heterozygous genotype is crossed with an individual with a homozygous recessive genotype?

    <p>Half of the offspring will have a heterozygous genotype and half will have a homozygous recessive genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what is the relationship between the yellow and green trait in pea plants?

    <p>The yellow trait is dominant and the green trait is recessive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When Mendel crossed two hybrid yellow-seeded pea plants, what ratio of yellow to green seeds did he observe in the pea pods?

    <p>3:1 ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a dominant allele and a recessive allele, as described in the passage?

    <p>A dominant allele encodes a protein that exerts its effects whenever it is present, while a recessive allele encodes a protein whose effects are masked if a dominant allele is also present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, which of the following statements about the dominance of an allele is true?

    <p>The dominance of an allele is not necessarily related to its frequency in the population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the allele symbols used in the passage and the dominance of the alleles?

    <p>The dominant allele is always represented by a capital letter, and the recessive allele is always represented by a lowercase letter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a dominant allele that is rare in the population, as described in the passage?

    <p>The allele that causes a form of dwarfism called achondroplasia in humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the RR, Rr, and rr alleles in a flower species?

    <p>The RR alleles produce red flowers, the rr alleles produce white flowers, and the Rr alleles produce pink flowers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mendel's law of segregation, what happens to the two alleles of each gene during gamete formation?

    <p>The two alleles separate and each goes into a different gamete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Mendel discover about the inheritance of two traits at the same time?

    <p>The inheritance of the two traits was independent, meaning they were inherited separately from each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a dominant allele and a recessive allele?

    <p>Dominant alleles are always expressed, while recessive alleles are never expressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does meiosis relate to Mendel's law of segregation?

    <p>Meiosis is the process by which the two alleles of each gene are separated into different gametes, explaining Mendel's law of segregation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between complete dominance and incomplete dominance?

    <p>In complete dominance, one allele is fully dominant over the other, while in incomplete dominance, the two alleles blend their effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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