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Questions and Answers
What is the ratio of tall to short plants in the F2 generation of Mendel's experiment?
What is the ratio of tall to short plants in the F2 generation of Mendel's experiment?
What is the term used to describe the ability of a gene to be expressed in an organism's phenotype, even when there is another gene present that could also be expressed?
What is the term used to describe the ability of a gene to be expressed in an organism's phenotype, even when there is another gene present that could also be expressed?
What is the term used to describe the physical characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of its genes and the environment?
What is the term used to describe the physical characteristics of an organism that result from the interaction of its genes and the environment?
What is the process by which an organism produces offspring with a combination of traits from two parent organisms?
What is the process by which an organism produces offspring with a combination of traits from two parent organisms?
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What is the term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism, including all of its genes?
What is the term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism, including all of its genes?
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What is the ratio of yellow to green seeds in the F2 generation of Mendel's experiment?
What is the ratio of yellow to green seeds in the F2 generation of Mendel's experiment?
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What is the term used to describe a gene that can be expressed in an organism's phenotype even if there is another gene present that could also be expressed?
What is the term used to describe a gene that can be expressed in an organism's phenotype even if there is another gene present that could also be expressed?
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What is the term used to describe the predictable pattern of inheritance of traits from one generation to the next?
What is the term used to describe the predictable pattern of inheritance of traits from one generation to the next?
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What is the fundamental principle of Mendel's First Law?
What is the fundamental principle of Mendel's First Law?
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What is the significance of Mendel's Second Law?
What is the significance of Mendel's Second Law?
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What is the ratio of round, yellow seeds to wrinkled, green seeds in the F2 generation?
What is the ratio of round, yellow seeds to wrinkled, green seeds in the F2 generation?
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What is the characteristic of the F1 generation in Mendel's experiment?
What is the characteristic of the F1 generation in Mendel's experiment?
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What is the significance of Mendel's experiments?
What is the significance of Mendel's experiments?
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What is the term for the union of sex cells to form the first cell of a new progeny individual?
What is the term for the union of sex cells to form the first cell of a new progeny individual?
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What is the characteristic of the genes that determine the round and yellow traits in Mendel's experiment?
What is the characteristic of the genes that determine the round and yellow traits in Mendel's experiment?
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What is the purpose of studying the F2 generation in Mendel's experiment?
What is the purpose of studying the F2 generation in Mendel's experiment?
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Why did Mendel choose pea plants for his experiments?
Why did Mendel choose pea plants for his experiments?
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What is the term for a population of plants that breeds true for a particular character?
What is the term for a population of plants that breeds true for a particular character?
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What is the ratio of round to wrinkled seeds in the F2 generation?
What is the ratio of round to wrinkled seeds in the F2 generation?
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What is the definition of a genotype?
What is the definition of a genotype?
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What is the term for the process of breeding two different plants to produce offspring with desired traits?
What is the term for the process of breeding two different plants to produce offspring with desired traits?
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What is the term for the physical expression of a trait?
What is the term for the physical expression of a trait?
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What is the purpose of establishing pure lines of plants in Mendel's experiments?
What is the purpose of establishing pure lines of plants in Mendel's experiments?
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Study Notes
Mendel's Experiments
- Studied the inheritance of characteristics in pea plants (Pisum sativum)
- Cross-bred tall (6 feet) and short (1 foot) plants, resulting in all tall hybrids in the F1 generation
- In the F2 generation, the ratio of tall to short plants was 3:1
Characteristics Studied
- Seed shape: round vs wrinkled
- Seed color: yellow vs green
- Petal color: purple vs white
- Pod shape: inflated vs pinched
- Pod color: green vs yellow
- Flower position: axial vs terminal
- Stem length: tall vs short
Laws of Inheritance
Law of Segregation
- Each pair of genes separates (segregates) during gamete formation, resulting in each gamete carrying only one gene for each characteristic
- Applies to a single pair of genes or factors
Law of Independent Assortment
- During gamete formation, the members of one pair of genes segregate independently of other pairs of genes
- Describes the simultaneous behavior of two or more pairs of genes
Reasons for Choosing Peas
- Peas are easy to obtain and maintain
- Pea plants take up little space and have a relatively short generation time
- Peas produce many offspring, making them ideal for genetic research
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Description
Explore the results of Mendel's experiments on plant traits, including the study of tall and short plants and the resulting hybrids.
