Mendelian Genetics: Principle of Independent Assortment

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What is the result of crossing the two genetically engineered rice strains?

A strain with only one gene from the daffodil
A strain expressing only one enzyme in the pathway
A strain with no enzymes in the pathway
A strain expressing all of the enzymes in the pathway (correct)

What is the term for the collection of all alleles in the members of a population?

Population genetics
Genotype
Phenotype
Gene pool (correct)

What is the fundamental principle of Mendelian genetics that explains the segregation of alleles in reproductive cells?

Each pair of alleles segregates in a dependent manner with other pairs
The segregation of alleles is influenced by environmental factors
The segregation of alleles is dependent on the number of alleles
The segregation of alleles is random and independent of other pairs (correct)

In a dihybrid testcross, what is the expected ratio of the four phenotypes in the progeny?

1:1:1:1 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of alleles between populations when individuals migrate and mate?

Gene flow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability rule that adds the probabilities of two mutually exclusive events?

Addition Rule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of population genetics?

The study of the genetics of a population and how the alleles vary with time (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can frequencies in population genetics be calculated for?

Alleles, genotypes, or phenotypes (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a dihybrid cross, how many types of gametes are produced by the double heterozygotes, and in what proportion?

Four types of gametes, in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability that the genotype of a seed in the F2 progeny of Ww heterozygotes is either WW or Ww?

3/4 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutations are included in frequencies of gene variants in a population?

Both single-base mutations and numbers of short, repeated DNA sequences (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of gametes with all possible genotypes in approximately equal proportions?

Independent Assortment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a mutant screen?

To isolate multiple mutations affecting a particular trait (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if the resulting cell or organism is nonmutant in a complementation test?

The mutations are in different genes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the most common phenotype or genotype in a natural population?

Wildtype (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a complementation test?

To determine if mutations are in the same or different genes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a heritable biological entity that differs from the wildtype?

A mutant (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did Beadle and Tatum pioneer in the field of genetics?

The use of genetic methods to identify the genes whose products participate in pathways of metabolism, development, behavior, or other biological processes (D) Signup and view all the answers

Gene pool

The sum of all alleles present in a population.

Principle of Segregation

The random segregation of alleles during gamete formation, leading to independent inheritance of traits.

Gene flow

The movement of alleles between populations due to migration and interbreeding.

Addition Rule

The rule that calculates the probability of two mutually exclusive events occurring by adding their individual probabilities.