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Memory Systems and Patient Cases

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Questions and Answers

What is the key distinction between implicit and explicit memory?

Implicit memory is associated with the central executive, while explicit memory is associated with the content-specific subsystems.

Explicit memory includes both recognition and recall, while implicit memory does not.

Implicit memory involves the use of stored knowledge without awareness, while explicit memory requires conscious effort. (correct)

Implicit memory requires conscious recollection, while explicit memory does not.

According to the Cowan model of working memory, what is the relationship between working memory and long-term memory?

Working memory is completely separate from long-term memory.

Working memory has a fixed capacity that is independent of long-term memory.

Working memory can only hold information that is not stored in long-term memory.

Working memory representations are a subset of long-term memory representations that are currently activated. (correct)

What is the key difference between retrograde and anterograde amnesia?

Retrograde amnesia is caused by damage to the medial temporal lobes, while anterograde amnesia is caused by damage to the prefrontal cortex.

Retrograde amnesia involves forgetting the past, while anterograde amnesia involves the inability to form new memories. (correct)

Retrograde amnesia is a symptom of Alzheimer's disease, while anterograde amnesia is a symptom of Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Retrograde amnesia results in a loss of long-term memories, while anterograde amnesia results in a loss of short-term memories.

According to Hebb's rule, what is the key requirement for long-term potentiation (LTP) to occur?

Simultaneous presynaptic input and postsynaptic depolarization. Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) compared to Alzheimer's disease?

MCI is a precursor to Alzheimer's disease, but individuals with MCI can still lead independent lives. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Baddeley model of working memory differ from the Cowan model?

The Baddeley model has a central executive and three content-specific subsystems, while the Cowan model has a single working memory system. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary deficit exhibited by Patient HM?

Inability to form new declarative memories Signup and view all the answers

Which brain region was found to be largely intact in Patient RB, despite their amnesia?

Medial temporal lobes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of memory remained intact for Clive Wearing despite his amnesia?

Procedural memory Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary deficit exhibited by Patient KC?

Inability to remember current actions Signup and view all the answers

Which brain structure was found to be critical for transferring information from short-term to long-term memory based on the case of Patient HM?

Hippocampus Signup and view all the answers

Which type of amnesia was exhibited by both Clive Wearing and Patient RB?

Both anterograde and retrograde amnesia Signup and view all the answers