Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which classic case had his temporal lobes removed in 1953, resulting in both retrograde and anterograde amnesia?
Which classic case had his temporal lobes removed in 1953, resulting in both retrograde and anterograde amnesia?
- Patient H.M. (correct)
- Patient Shallice
- Patient Warrington
- Patient K.F.
What type of amnesia was H.M. unable to form new memories?
What type of amnesia was H.M. unable to form new memories?
- Sensory amnesia
- Short-term amnesia
- Retrograde amnesia
- Anterograde amnesia (correct)
What model of memory was proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin in 1968?
What model of memory was proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin in 1968?
- Sensory model
- Multi-store (‘modal’) model (correct)
- Short-term model
- Long-term model
Which part of the brain was involved in supporting memory and was removed from patient H.M.?
Which part of the brain was involved in supporting memory and was removed from patient H.M.?
What is proposed to store memories temporarily?
What is proposed to store memories temporarily?
What is the key role of the rhinal cortex?
What is the key role of the rhinal cortex?
What is consistent with the synaptic changes hypothesized by Hebb?
What is consistent with the synaptic changes hypothesized by Hebb?
What plays a crucial role in the induction of LTP?
What plays a crucial role in the induction of LTP?
What underlies long-term changes associated with LTP?
What underlies long-term changes associated with LTP?
What may diffuse back to presynaptic neurons in response to Ca$^{2+}$ influx?
What may diffuse back to presynaptic neurons in response to Ca$^{2+}$ influx?
What is proposed as the basis of long-term learning?
What is proposed as the basis of long-term learning?
What is proposed to be key for recognition memory in early animal models of amnesia?
What is proposed to be key for recognition memory in early animal models of amnesia?
What results in object-recognition deficits in monkeys and rats?
What results in object-recognition deficits in monkeys and rats?
Where are LTP effects greatest?
Where are LTP effects greatest?
What is proposed to be mediated by different mechanisms in various brain areas?
What is proposed to be mediated by different mechanisms in various brain areas?
What is proposed to play a crucial role in memory of spatial location?
What is proposed to play a crucial role in memory of spatial location?
Which structure is responsible for fear learning?
Which structure is responsible for fear learning?
What is the most common type of dementia?
What is the most common type of dementia?
Which area of the brain does Alzheimer's Disease initially affect?
Which area of the brain does Alzheimer's Disease initially affect?
What is a characteristic of Korsakoff's Syndrome?
What is a characteristic of Korsakoff's Syndrome?
Which disorder is associated with the progressive loss of conceptual knowledge?
Which disorder is associated with the progressive loss of conceptual knowledge?
Which structure is responsible for memory storage?
Which structure is responsible for memory storage?
What are the characteristic features of Alzheimer's Disease?
What are the characteristic features of Alzheimer's Disease?
Which syndrome is associated with damage in the medial diencephalon?
Which syndrome is associated with damage in the medial diencephalon?
What cognitive deficits are seen in patients with Alzheimer's Disease?
What cognitive deficits are seen in patients with Alzheimer's Disease?
What is the cause of Korsakoff's amnesia?
What is the cause of Korsakoff's amnesia?
What is associated with the progressive loss of neurons in the left temporal lobe?
What is associated with the progressive loss of neurons in the left temporal lobe?
What is emphasized in the text regarding memory structures and disorders?
What is emphasized in the text regarding memory structures and disorders?
What type of amnesia did H.M. experience?
What type of amnesia did H.M. experience?
What did Clive Wearing's memory impairment result from?
What did Clive Wearing's memory impairment result from?
Which memory type did Patient K.C. display a double dissociation between impairments?
Which memory type did Patient K.C. display a double dissociation between impairments?
What did R.B.'s case suggest about hippocampal damage?
What did R.B.'s case suggest about hippocampal damage?
What may concussions cause in terms of amnesia?
What may concussions cause in terms of amnesia?
Which memory processes does Baddeley's 'modal model' explain?
Which memory processes does Baddeley's 'modal model' explain?
What did the case of Jon, with developmental amnesia, show?
What did the case of Jon, with developmental amnesia, show?
What is the effect of different involvement of brain areas during encoding and retrieval on episodic and semantic memory?
What is the effect of different involvement of brain areas during encoding and retrieval on episodic and semantic memory?
What is the relationship between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?
What is the relationship between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?
What did the removal of H.M.'s temporal lobes result in?
What did the removal of H.M.'s temporal lobes result in?
What type of memory did H.M. have intact despite his condition?
What type of memory did H.M. have intact despite his condition?
What do consolidation gradients of retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation indicate about concussions?
What do consolidation gradients of retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation indicate about concussions?
Study Notes
Memory and Amnesia: Key Findings and Case Studies
- H.M. had his temporal lobes removed in 1953, resulting in dramatic reduction of seizures but severe long-term memory loss
- H.M. experienced mild retrograde amnesia (unable to remember the past) and severe anterograde amnesia (unable to form new memories)
- H.M. had intact short-term memory but was unable to move memories from short-term to long-term memory
- Clive Wearing, a musician, had severe memory impairment due to herpes simplex encephalitis, retaining some skills but unable to recall new information
- Different involvement of brain areas during encoding and retrieval affects episodic and semantic memory differently
- Patient K.C. displayed a double dissociation between impairments of personal and semantic memory
- Baddeley's 'modal model' explains episodic memory learning and recall processes
- The case of Jon, with developmental amnesia, showed impaired recall but largely intact recognition
- R.B.'s case suggests that hippocampal damage alone can produce amnesia
- Concussions may cause retrograde amnesia for the period before the blow and some anterograde amnesia after
- Consolidation gradients of retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation indicate that concussions disrupt memory storage
- Anterograde amnesia often presents with retrograde amnesia, but they can be independent
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Description
Test your knowledge of key findings and case studies related to memory and amnesia with this quiz. Explore famous cases such as H.M. and Clive Wearing, as well as insights into brain areas involved in memory processing and the impact of concussions on memory.
