Membrane Proteins and Muscle Pain Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the possible underlying cause of exertional rhabdomyolysis?

  • Variation in total antioxidant status
  • Increased oxidative stress
  • Blood leukocyte counts
  • Sickle cell disease (correct)

Which urinary constituents are used as an index of muscle injury after exercise?

  • Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine (correct)
  • Amino acids valine and leucine
  • Creatine and creatinine
  • Uric acid and urea

What does dark urine after strenuous activities indicate?

  • Breakdown of connective tissue (correct)
  • Dehydration
  • High iron levels
  • Increased antioxidant levels

What is the key effector that links inflammation with DNA damage after exhaustive endurance exercise?

<p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method should be used to detect myoglobinuria and haemoglobinuria to confirm rhabdomyolysis?

<p>Immunochemical methods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?

<p>It binds to actin filaments, blocking the attachment sites for myosin head groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of troponin in muscle contraction?

<p>It is a Ca2+-binding protein that initiates contraction when bound to calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?

<p>It releases calcium ions to initiate the contraction process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy source for muscle contraction?

<p>ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the myofibrils in muscle cells?

<p>They are bundles of parallel actin and myosin filaments responsible for contraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cause of exertional rhabdomyolysis

Sickle cell disease can lead to exertional rhabdomyolysis.

Muscle injury markers in urine

Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine are used to measure muscle damage after exercise.

Dark urine after exercise

Dark urine indicates connective tissue breakdown, often a sign of muscle damage.

Inflammation-DNA damage link

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key link between inflammation and DNA damage post-exercise.

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Detecting rhabdomyolysis

Immunochemical methods are used to detect myoglobinuria and haemoglobinuria to confirm rhabdomyolysis.

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Tropomyosin's role in muscle contraction

Tropomyosin blocks actin sites, preventing myosin attachment.

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Troponin's role in muscle contraction

Troponin is a calcium-binding protein crucial for muscle contraction.

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Sarcoplasmic reticulum function

Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium to begin muscle contraction.

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Muscle contraction energy source

ATP is the primary source of energy for muscle contraction.

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Myofibril function in muscle

Myofibrils are actin and myosin bundles that allow muscle contraction.

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