Membrane Physiology: Chemical Compositions and Diffusion
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary energy source that drives simple diffusion of molecules or ions through the cell membrane?

  • Energy from the normal kinetic motion of the substance (correct)
  • Energy derived from ATP hydrolysis
  • Energy released from cellular respiration
  • Energy obtained from sunlight
  • Which type of molecules or ions can move through intermolecular spaces in the cell membrane via simple diffusion?

  • Large proteins and complex carbohydrates
  • Water and water-soluble molecules like ions, glucose, urea
  • Lipid soluble molecules such as O2, CO2, alcohol (correct)
  • Charged ions and polar molecules
  • What factors determine the rate of diffusion through a cell membrane?

  • Temperature, pressure, and electrical charge of the substance
  • Concentration gradient, molecular weight, and physical state of the substance
  • Presence of carrier proteins, molecular shape, and polarity of the substance
  • Amount of substance available, velocity of kinetic motion, number and sizes of openings in the membrane (correct)
  • What is the primary difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion involves interaction with carrier proteins, while simple diffusion does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of molecules or ions can move through a membrane opening via simple diffusion?

    <p>Water and water-soluble molecules like ions, glucose, urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of process is active transport across the cell membrane?

    <p>An energy-requiring process that moves substances against their concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In facilitated diffusion, the rate of diffusion approaches maximum as the concentration of the diffusing substance increases. This is known as ________.

    <p>Carrier saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances are transported by facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls the opening and closing of gates in protein channels through chemical gating?

    <p>Binding of a chemical substance with the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes protein channels of the cell membrane?

    <p>Selective permeability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is responsible for eliciting action potentials in nerves?

    <p>Voltage gating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement requires a source of energy besides kinetic energy and moves substances against an energy gradient?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substances are actively transported through some cell membranes?

    <p>Sodium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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