Membrane Permeability Lab Exercise
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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum number of justified absences allowed during the course?

  • Two (correct)
  • Three
  • Four
  • One

    • Which of the following is NOT a required item for laboratory safety?

  • Gloves
  • Goggles
  • Lab coat with cuffed sleeves
  • Safety helmet (correct)

    • What should a student do in case symptoms such as fever or coughing occur?

  • Continue attending the lab.
  • Leave the lab without notifying anyone.
  • Inform the lecturer immediately. (correct)
  • Attempt to complete the lab experiment.

    • How should students move and communicate in the lab to ensure safety?

    <p>Work silently and raise hands to ask questions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of keeping a laboratory notebook?

    <p>To record experimental procedures and results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should students do before attending a lab session?

    <p>Print out the experimental protocol and prepare mentally. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper way for students to handle personal emails to faculty?

    <p>Notify faculty if sending through a personal account. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should lab surfaces be treated before and after experimentation?

    <p>Disinfect to ensure hygiene. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected behavior of red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

    <p>They will crenate or shrink. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of red blood cells is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?

    <p>Hemoglobin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the microscopy procedure for onion plant cells, what is the purpose of adding coverslips?

    <p>To create a flat surface for observation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique characteristic of mature red blood cells?

    <p>They are anucleate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for including different solutions (A, B, C) during the blood slide experiment?

    <p>To determine the effects of osmotic conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the onion plant cell structure that should be labeled during observation?

    <p>Chloroplast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initial action should be taken before observing the blood drop under a microscope?

    <p>Label the slide with group and solution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal concentration range of red blood cells in blood?

    <p>4-6 million per microliter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would occur to a plant cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

    <p>The cell would swell and become turgid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes diffusion?

    <p>It is the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of selectively permeable membranes in cells?

    <p>To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is most likely to cause a human cell to undergo crenation?

    <p>Placing the cell in a hypertonic solution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the direction of osmotic movement in plant cells?

    <p>The concentration gradient of water molecules across the membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a scalpel be held during a laboratory experiment?

    <p>Like a pencil, with a downward cutting motion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using safety glasses during an experiment?

    <p>To protect the eyes from potential chemical splashes or debris. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis in living organisms?

    <p>Diffusion of nutrients and waste. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Lab coat

    A protective garment worn in laboratories to protect the wearer's clothes from spills and chemicals.

    Goggles

    A personal protective equipment used to prevent contamination of eyes and face from splashes or projectiles.

    Gloves

    A protective barrier worn on hands to prevent contamination and protect the wearer from hazards.

    Laboratory Notebook

    A notebook used to record all experimental procedures, observations, data, and calculations.

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    Know your surroundings

    A safety measure that involves being aware of your surroundings and potential hazards in the lab.

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    Work in silence

    A safety measure that involves working quietly and avoiding loud noises or distractions in the lab.

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    C1.V1=C2.V2

    A mathematical formula used to calculate dilutions of solutions.

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    Report symptoms to the instructor

    A safety protocol that requires students to report any symptoms of illness such as fever, cough or breathing difficulties to the instructor immediately.

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    Diffusion

    The process by which substances move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, down their concentration gradient, without requiring energy.

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    Osmosis

    A type of diffusion specific to water molecules, moving across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

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    Hypertonic Solution

    A solution with a higher solute concentration compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.

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    Hypotonic Solution

    A solution with a lower solute concentration compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell.

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    Isotonic Solution

    A solution with the same solute concentration as the inside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

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    Turgid Plant Cell

    A plant cell in a hypotonic solution, where water enters the cell, causing it to swell and become firm.

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    Flaccid Plant Cell

    A plant cell in a hypertonic solution, where water leaves the cell, causing it to shrink and become limp.

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    Selectively Permeable Membrane

    The ability of a cell membrane to allow certain substances to pass through while blocking others.

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    Lysis

    The process where a cell bursts due to excessive water intake.

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    Crenation

    The process where a cell shrinks due to water loss.

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    Hemoglobin

    The protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body.

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    Anucleate (Red Blood Cells)

    Red blood cells are anucleate, meaning they lack a nucleus. This is because they need to maximize space for hemoglobin and efficiently carry oxygen.

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    Study Notes

    Lab Exercise 1: Membrane Permeability

    • Course: Molecular and Cellular Biology (MD105)
    • Semester: Fall 2024
    • Instructors: T.C. Kyriakou & D. Markantoni
    • Topic: Membrane permeability of onion plant cells and human red blood cells

    COVID-19 Safety Protocol

    • Lab Entrance: Be on time to avoid crowds.
    • Protective Gear: Always bring lab coat with cuffed sleeves, mask, and goggles.
    • Lab Entry: Students without the required protective gear will not be allowed in the lab.
    • Hand Hygiene: Wash hands with soap and put on gloves.
    • Surface Disinfection: Disinfect working surfaces before and after each experiment.
    • Health Concerns: Report fever, cough, or breathing difficulties immediately.

    Absences

    • Mandatory Participation: Physical presence is required unless permission is granted. -Two excused absences are allowed for serious health conditions or emergencies
    • Pre-notification for permitted absences required.
    • Repeat Experiments: Lab experiments cannot be repeated.

    Preparation and Equipment

    • Material Study: Study the provided materials before the lab.
    • Protocol Printing: Print out the experiment protocol or methodology.
    • Material Marking: Mark necessary tools and materials on the protocol.
    • Preparation: Be mentally prepared for complex tasks.
    • Attire: Required: Closed-toe shoes, lab coat, goggles, and gloves.
    • Hair: Tie back hair.
    • Food and Drink: No food or drinks allowed in the lab.

    Lab Notebook

    • Record Keeping: Take notes during all lab instructions and explanations.
    • Protocol Application: Record each protocol application with dates.
    • Reagent Calculations: Do reagent concentration calculations (e.g., C1V1 = C2V2).
    • Result Evaluation: Evaluate results and note areas requiring improvement.

    Lab Conduct

    • Movement: Move as if in a bubble to avoid collisions.
    • Awareness: Be aware of your surroundings.
    • Teamwork: Work as a team, respecting others.
    • Communication: Raise your hand to ask questions.
    • Quiet Work: Maintain a quiet work environment.

    Contact Information

    • Email (Instructor 1): [email protected] (N41)
    • Email (Instructor 2): [email protected] (N42)
    • Office: N30 (2nd floor, New Building) -Email communications should be sent through university accounts.

    Objectives

    • Plant and Human Cell Diffusion: Observe how different solutions affect the diffusion of plant and human cells.
    • Cellular Environments: Differentiate between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions in cellular environments.
    • Cell Transport: Compare and analyze cell transport activity in both plant and human cells.

    Safety Precautions

    • Food and Drink: Do not eat or drink in the lab.
    • Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear safety glasses, lab coat, and gloves during all experiments.
    • Scalpel Use: Use scalpels carefully. Handle them as you would a pencil and cut in a downward motion,avoiding pushing too hard. Be extra careful regarding the placement of your specimen holding hand.
    • Task Specificity: Use the tools for their intended purpose only.
    • Glassware Handling: Be cautious when using glass slides and cover slips.

    Diffusion

    • Cellular Function: Living organisms rely on the movement of nutrients, water, and waste to maintain homeostasis within their cells.
    • Cellular Regulation: Movement of cellular materials is regulated by membranes surrounding organelles and the plasma membrane.
    • Selectively Permeable Membranes: Cell membranes are selectively permeable.
    • Aqueous Environment: Cells exist in an aqueous environment with dissolved solutes (salts and organic molecules).
    • Diffusion Mechanism: The simplest method for molecular movement is diffusion: moving from higher to lower concentrations until equilibrium.
    • Energy Requirement: Diffusion does not require energy expenditure.

    Osmosis

    • Comparison to Diffusion: Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion involving water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.
    • Concept and Movement: The net movement of water molecules from a high water concentration to a low water concentration through a membrane

    Onion Plant Cells

    • Hypotonic: If a plant cell is surrounded by a solution with a higher water concentration than the cell's interior, water enters the cell, causing it to become firm (turgid).
    • Isotonic: A solution with an equal concentration of water inside and outside the cell. No significant water movement occurs
    • Hypertonic: If a plant cell is surrounded by a solution with a lower water concentration than the cell's interior, water leaves the cell, causing it to become limp (flaccid).

    Experimental Procedure (Part A: Onion Cells)

    • Onion Preparation: Peel the onion and place the layer on a slide shiny side up.
    • Labeling: Label the slide with group and solution details.
    • Solution Application: Add a small drop of Solution A to the tissue.
    • Coverslip Placement: Carefully place a coverslip, avoiding air bubbles.
    • Repeat: Repeat multiple times with other solutions

    Experimental Procedure (Part B: Red Blood Cells)

    • Blood Sample: Add a drop of blood to a clean slide
    • Labeling: Label the slide with identifiers of the sample.
    • Solution Application: Add small drops of Solutions A, B, and C to the blood samples
    • Coverslip Placement: Cover each sample with a slide and avoid creation of air bubbles
    • Microscope Observation: View each of the samples with a microscope, under different magnification
    • Record and Comparison: Label the components present and decide which solution applies to each slide.

    Questions

    • The provided text includes a list of questions related to theoretical concepts and observed outcomes in the lab exercise, for students to answer in the following pages/slides.

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    Related Documents

    MD105 Molecular and Cellular Biology Lab Exercise 1 PDF

    Description

    This quiz focuses on membrane permeability observed in onion plant cells and human red blood cells. It is part of the Molecular and Cellular Biology course (MD105) for Fall 2024. Students will demonstrate their understanding of the factors affecting cellular membrane permeability and adhere to safety protocols during laboratory practices.

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