Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Quiz

<p>Because it produces a wider range of genetic variety, enabling better adaptation to environmental changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetically different and haploid. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of chromosomes is reduced by half. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitotic division in somatic cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Orders are smaller, more specific groups organized within classes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prophase I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four haploid gamete cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaphase II (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaphase I (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Haploid (n) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Homologous chromosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA replication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can turn into any type of cell, including those that make a whole organism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The separation of allele pairs during meiosis, with each gamete receiving only one allele. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Codominance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleiotropy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One gene's phenotype expression being altered by a second gene. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polygenic inheritance involves multiple genes influencing a single trait, while pleiotropy involves one gene influencing multiple traits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Random distribution of alleles during gamete formation, of different trait genes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The trait's linked to a gene in either X or Y sex chromosomes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The phenotype is determined by the dominant allele only. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There are more than 2 possible alleles for one genetic trait. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of cell division that results in four genetically different haploid daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes (sex cells), each carrying half the genetic information of the parent organism. This fusion creates a genetically unique offspring with a combination of genes from both parents.

Genetic diversity is introduced during meiosis through independent assortment and crossing over. Independent assortment randomly shuffles chromosomes, while crossing over exchanges genetic material between homologous chromosomes, creating unique combinations of genes.

A system of classifying organisms into groups based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. This system helps scientists understand the diversity of life and its origins.

The scientific study of the diversity of life on Earth, encompassing the number and variety of species, their genetic variability, and the ecosystems they inhabit.

Unspecialized cells with the potential to develop into different specialized cell types under specific conditions. They are crucial for growth, development, and repair in the body.

The potential of a stem cell to differentiate into various cell types. Totipotent stem cells can develop into any cell type, pluripotent stem cells into most cell types, and multipotent stem cells into a limited number of cell types.

A process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. It's essential for growth, development, and repair in multicellular organisms.

A microscopic organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are typically much smaller than eukaryotic cells and can be found in a variety of environments.

A microscopic organism that possesses a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are typically larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.

The stage in the cell cycle where the cell grows, copies its DNA, and prepares for cell division.

The gel-like fluid within the cell that surrounds the organelles.

The membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA).

A type of cell division that produces four haploid daughter cells from one diploid parent cell.

A type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from one parent cell.

The phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material.

Cells that are able to develop into any type of cell in the body, except for those needed to support a fetus.

Cells that can turn into any type of cell, including those that make a whole organism. These are found in very early embryos.

The process of inserting genes from one species into another, resulting in a transgenic organism.

This law explains why recessive traits may disappear for a generation, only to reappear in subsequent ones.

During meiosis, chromosome pairs separate randomly, ensuring that each gamete receives a unique set of genes.

This inheritance pattern occurs when both alleles are expressed in the heterozygote.

This pattern affects males and females differently due to the unique nature of their sex chromosomes(X and Y).

This inheritance pattern occurs when one gene influences multiple unrelated traits.

The expression of one gene is controlled by a second gene, either activating or suppressing it.

This inheritance pattern occurs when the heterozygote expresses only one allele, while the other is masked.