Untitled Quiz

WASH

• WASH stands for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene.
• The World Water Council collaborates with the World Bank.

Malaysia's Vision 2020

• The goal of Malaysia´s Vision 2020 was to achieve developed-nation status by the year 2020.

Water Access in Malaysia

• As of 2015, 99% of Malaysians had access to properly managed water supplies.
• The access to hygienic sanitation services stood at 95%.

Food Systems

• A key characteristic of food systems in low-income areas is that they are often highly vulnerable to shocks and stresses.
• Agricultural practices currently trend towards intensification, meaning increasing production from the same land area.
• Climate change significantly impacts food systems by altering weather patterns, causing more extreme events like droughts and floods.
• Building more sustainable food systems requires integrating environmental, social, and economic considerations.

Transforming Food Systems

• A critical driver for food system transformation in recent decades is the growing global population.
• Food systems require significant improvement in access, particularly for vulnerable groups like low-income populations and those living in remote areas.
• A limitation to consider when implementing new technologies in food systems is the potential for unintended consequences.

Global Food Systems

• The dependence on a small number of global crops indicates that food systems are vulnerable to disruptions in production or distribution.
• The primary function of the food system is to produce, process, distribute, and consume food to meet human needs.
• A significant challenge to the food system is the increasing demand for food due to population growth, rising incomes, and changing dietary preferences.
• Key elements, including the food environment, influence food choices. This encompasses the availability, accessibility, affordability, and desirability of food.

Sustainable Food Systems:

• Sustainable food systems cover various activities in the food supply chain, including production, processing, distribution, consumption, and disposal.
• Effective intersectoral policy analysis is essential for food systems as it considers different sectors' interactions.
• The 'food environment' encompasses various factors influencing food choices and access, including physical, social, and economic environments.
• The types of food available and accessible in the food supply chain are influenced by factors like production costs, transportation networks, and consumer preferences.
• A key characteristic of a sustainable food chain is its resilience to shocks and stresses, ensuring long-term food security.
• The food system wheel framework includes production, processing, distribution, consumption, and disposal factors. However, it does not include policy analysis.
• Providing widespread societal benefits and ensuring equity is an integral part of social sustainability.
• The theory of change and development paradigm focuses on equitable and inclusive access to resources and benefits in sustainable food system development.

Food System Challenges

• Current food systems face various limitations, including inefficiency, resource depletion, environmental damage, and unequal access to nutritious food.
• A sustainable food system is defined as one that is environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. It can meet the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Conflicts and Food Systems

• Conflicts contribute to malnutrition among children through disruptions to food production, supply chains, and access.
• One of the primary goals of the FAO's food system framework is to ensure food security and nutrition for all, particularly those in vulnerable situations.

Water and Sanitation in Malaysia

• Malaysia has made significant progress in improving access to safe water. However, significant health issues remain, particularly among indigenous populations like the Orang Asli, highlighting the need for continued efforts to address these challenges.
• One primary goal of the agreement related to Malaysia's water and sanitation issues was improving access to safe water and sanitation services.
• Despite improvements in water access, the Orang Asli communities continue to require support.
• The Orang Asli communities reported significant health issues related to water-borne diseases.
• In collaboration with the Orang Asli and the Global Peace Foundation, a water improvement initiative was implemented in the Orang Asli communities.
• The Community Upliftment Program (CUP) used various methods to improve water access for the Orang Asli.
• Malaysia needs to continue investing in its rural sanitation infrastructure, particularly for communities with high rates of severe acute malnutrition (SAM).
• The advocated approach for latrine construction in areas with high rates of SAM involves promoting low-cost and easily accessible materials.

Food Security and Malnutrition

• NGOs focused on various interventions for households dealing with severely acute malnourished (SAM) children.
• Improved food systems are essential for improving food security and enhancing nutrition (FSN).
• Political and economic drivers influence food systems as they encompass policies, markets, and trade, creating a complex interplay affecting food production and distribution.
• In conflict situations, enhancing food systems requires addressing food security challenges, ensuring safe food access, and supporting community resilience.
• Individual food choices reflect broader social influences, like cultural norms, social networks, and access to information.
• Urbanization significantly affects food systems and diets by altering consumption patterns, food sourcing, and the overall food environment.
• Empowering women plays a vital role in food systems as they are often central to food production, processing, and distribution within communities.
• Food insecurity can be characterized in relation to migration as it can exacerbate food scarcity and limit access to food resources for migrants.