Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which cells are present in the bone marrow examination of megaloblastic anemia?
Which cells are present in the bone marrow examination of megaloblastic anemia?
- Megaloblasts (correct)
- Leukocytes
- Metamyelocytes
- Erythrocytes
What are the causes of delayed nuclear maturation in megaloblastic anemia?
What are the causes of delayed nuclear maturation in megaloblastic anemia?
- B12 deficiency or abnormal metabolism
- B9 deficiency or abnormal metabolism
- Congenital enzyme deficiencies in DNA synthesis
- All of the above (correct)
Apart from nutrient deficiencies, what are other potential causes of delayed nuclear maturation in megaloblastic anemia?
Apart from nutrient deficiencies, what are other potential causes of delayed nuclear maturation in megaloblastic anemia?
- Increased red blood cell destruction
- Impaired iron absorption
- Excessive folic acid intake
- Myelodysplasia due to dyserythropoiesis (correct)
Which of the following nutrients is involved in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, an essential step in DNA synthesis?
Which of the following nutrients is involved in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine, an essential step in DNA synthesis?
Which of the following is a characteristic finding in the blood film of a patient with megaloblastic anemia?
Which of the following is a characteristic finding in the blood film of a patient with megaloblastic anemia?
Which red blood cell parameter is typically elevated in megaloblastic anemia?
Which red blood cell parameter is typically elevated in megaloblastic anemia?
Which of the following is a potential finding in the bone marrow examination of a patient with megaloblastic anemia?
Which of the following is a potential finding in the bone marrow examination of a patient with megaloblastic anemia?
Which cell in the stomach synthesizes gastric intrinsic factor (IF)?
Which cell in the stomach synthesizes gastric intrinsic factor (IF)?
What is the primary site of absorption for vitamin B12?
What is the primary site of absorption for vitamin B12?
What is the approximate absorption rate of vitamin B12?
What is the approximate absorption rate of vitamin B12?
How long does it typically take for disease manifestation in vitamin B12 deficiency?
How long does it typically take for disease manifestation in vitamin B12 deficiency?
What is the common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency?
What is the common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency?
Which of the following is a common symptom associated with neurological changes in vitamin B12 deficiency?
Which of the following is a common symptom associated with neurological changes in vitamin B12 deficiency?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly associated with pernicious anemia?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly associated with pernicious anemia?
Which neurological changes can occur in pernicious anemia?
Which neurological changes can occur in pernicious anemia?
What is the initial treatment for pernicious anemia?
What is the initial treatment for pernicious anemia?
Which vitamin is involved in the methylation of myelin in the peripheral nerves?
Which vitamin is involved in the methylation of myelin in the peripheral nerves?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary folic acid?
Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary folic acid?
What is the main transport protein for folic acid in the body?
What is the main transport protein for folic acid in the body?
Which of the following conditions can lead to folic acid deficiency?
Which of the following conditions can lead to folic acid deficiency?
What are the clinical features of folic acid deficiency?
What are the clinical features of folic acid deficiency?
What is the recommended daily dose of folic acid during a normal pregnancy?
What is the recommended daily dose of folic acid during a normal pregnancy?
What is the treatment for folic acid deficiency?
What is the treatment for folic acid deficiency?
In which conditions is folic acid given as prophylaxis during pregnancy?
In which conditions is folic acid given as prophylaxis during pregnancy?
Which nutrient deficiency is associated with microcytic, hypochromic anemia?
Which nutrient deficiency is associated with microcytic, hypochromic anemia?
Which of the following is a common clinical feature of folic acid deficiency?
Which of the following is a common clinical feature of folic acid deficiency?
Which of the following conditions is NOT a cause of folic acid deficiency?
Which of the following conditions is NOT a cause of folic acid deficiency?
Which nutrient deficiency can result in microcytic, hypochromic anemia?
Which nutrient deficiency can result in microcytic, hypochromic anemia?
Which nutrient deficiency can cause macrocytic (megaloblastic) anemia along with neurologic manifestations?
Which nutrient deficiency can cause macrocytic (megaloblastic) anemia along with neurologic manifestations?
Which nutrient deficiency can lead to macrocytic (megaloblastic) anemia and neural tube defects (NTD)?
Which nutrient deficiency can lead to macrocytic (megaloblastic) anemia and neural tube defects (NTD)?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Megaloblastic Anemia
- Cells present in bone marrow examination: megaloblasts, giant metamyelocytes, and abnormal white blood cells
- Causes of delayed nuclear maturation:
- Deficiency of vitamin B12 and/or folate
- Impaired DNA synthesis
- Other potential causes of delayed nuclear maturation:
- Inherited disorders
- Toxic effects of certain medications
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
Vitamin B12
- Involved in conversion of homocysteine to methionine, an essential step in DNA synthesis
- Characteristic finding in blood film: macrocytic anemia
- Red blood cell parameter typically elevated: mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
- Potential finding in bone marrow examination: megaloblasts
- Cell in the stomach synthesizing gastric intrinsic factor (IF): parietal cells
- Primary site of absorption: terminal ileum
- Approximate absorption rate: 1-2% of dietary intake
- Time for disease manifestation: 2-5 years
- Common cause of deficiency: pernicious anemia
- Common symptom associated with neurological changes: numbness or tingling in hands and feet
- Clinical feature commonly associated with pernicious anemia: atrophic gastritis
- Neurological changes: demyelination, neuronal death, and cognitive impairment
- Initial treatment: vitamin B12 injections
- Involved in methylation of myelin in peripheral nerves
Folic Acid
- Primary site of absorption: proximal jejunum
- Main transport protein: folate-binding protein
- Conditions leading to deficiency:
- Inadequate dietary intake
- Malabsorption
- Increased demand (e.g., pregnancy)
- Clinical features:
- Macrocytic anemia
- Fatigue
- Weakness
- Recommended daily dose during pregnancy: 1 mg
- Treatment: oral folic acid supplementation
- Conditions requiring prophylaxis during pregnancy:
- History of neural tube defects (NTD)
- Family history of NTD
Other Nutrient Deficiencies
- Iron deficiency: microcytic, hypochromic anemia
- Folic acid deficiency: macrocytic anemia, neural tube defects (NTD)
- Vitamin B12 deficiency: macrocytic anemia, neurologic manifestations
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
