MEDTEXT 3 / MOD 5 Vocabulary Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a carrier in the context of disease?

Individual who harbors specific organisms in a disease without manifesting its symptoms.

What does contamination mean?

To make unsterile.

What is meant by the cycle of infection?

Chain of events necessary for an organism to survive.

What is infection?

The invasion and multiplication of infective agents. Signup and view all the answers

What does isolation refer to?

To separate. Signup and view all the answers

What are microorganisms?

A small living body visible under a microscope; always present. Signup and view all the answers

What is a portal of exit?

Avenues by which the organism leaves the reservoir. Signup and view all the answers

What defines a nosocomial infection?

Infection acquired during hospitalization. Signup and view all the answers

What does pathogenic mean?

Disease-producing. Signup and view all the answers

What is a reservoir in the context of infection?

Place for an organism to grow and multiply. Signup and view all the answers

What are Universal Precautions?

A practice in which blood/other body fluids are considered infectious. Signup and view all the answers

What are body secretions?

Body fluids. Signup and view all the answers

What are body excretions?

Feces. Signup and view all the answers

What are bloodborne pathogens?

Microorganisms in human blood that can cause a disease due to transmission. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood?

Liquid pumped by the heart through all blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

Specialized equipment/clothing worn for protection. Signup and view all the answers

What are engineering controls?

Structural/mechanical devices to reduce exposure from potentially infectious materials. Signup and view all the answers

What are work practice controls?

Controls that reduce exposure. Signup and view all the answers

What are standard precautions?

Concept that all blood/certain body fluids are to be treated as if contaminated. Signup and view all the answers

What are the five rights of patients in medication administration?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is Dr. Timed?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What are bulk drugs?

Large quantity of drug from which individual medication dose is removed. Signup and view all the answers

What is a unit dose?

Single dose of a drug that is prepackaged. Signup and view all the answers

What is infiltration complication IV?

Escape of fluid into the surrounding tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is phlebitis complication IV?

Inflammation of the wall of the vein. Signup and view all the answers

What is an air embolism complication IV?

Obstruction of a blood vessel caused by an air bubble. Signup and view all the answers

What is circulatory overload complication IV?

Increased volume resulting from excess IV being infused too rapidly. Signup and view all the answers

What is infection complication IV?

Condition in which the body is invaded with bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What is a generic name in pharmacology?

Name of a U.S. pharmacopeia drug. Signup and view all the answers

What are indications in pharmacology?

Signs or circumstances for administration. Signup and view all the answers

What is an inhaler?

Device that sprays an aerosol form of medication. Signup and view all the answers

What are over-the-counter (OTC) drugs?

Medications that are legally available without a prescription. Signup and view all the answers

What is pharmacology?

Study of drugs. Signup and view all the answers

What does sublingual (SL) mean?

Meds placed under the tongue absorbed through the mucous membranes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a trade name in pharmacology?

Drug name given by a manufacturer. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms in Medical Terminology

Carrier: An individual harboring disease organisms without symptoms, playing a crucial role in disease transmission.
Contamination: The process of making something unsterile, critical in infection control.
Cycle of Infection: A sequence of events essential for an organism's survival, often leading to disease spread.
Infection: The process where infective agents invade and multiply within a host.
Isolation: The practice of separating individuals to prevent disease spread.

Microorganisms and Their Role

Microorganisms: Tiny living entities visible only under a microscope, present in nearly all environments and capable of causing diseases.
Portal of Exit: Routes through which pathogens exit their reservoirs, important for understanding disease transmission.
Reservoir: A habitat in which an organism can grow and multiply, critical for understanding infection sources.

Types of Infections

Nosocomial Infection: Infections acquired during a hospital stay; emphasizes the need for stringent infection control measures.
Pathogenic: Refers to organisms that can produce disease in a host.

Safety Precautions

Universal Precautions: Guidelines treating all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious to minimize infection risk.
Body Secretions and Excretions: Body fluids like saliva and feces that may carry pathogens.
Bloodborne Pathogens: Infective microorganisms present in human blood that can cause diseases through transmission.

Equipment and Controls

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Specialized clothing and gear worn to protect healthcare workers from exposure to infectious materials.
Engineering Controls: Structural devices designed to minimize exposure to potentially infectious materials.
Work Practice Controls: Procedures established to reduce exposure risks when handling infectious materials.

Medication Administration

Standard Precautions: Concept that all blood and selected body fluids should be treated as if contaminated.
Five Patient Rights: A crucial framework for safe medication administration, including Right Patient, Medication, Dose, Time, and Route.
Dr.Timed: A comprehensive guideline covering six rights for medication management.

Drug Forms and Administration

Bulk Drugs: Large quantities of drug material from which individual doses are extracted.
Unit Dose: Prepackaged single dose of a medication, enhancing safety in administration.
Inhaler: Device used to deliver aerosolized medications directly into the respiratory system.
Over the Counter (OTC) Drugs: Medications available without a prescription, allowing for self-treatment of minor ailments.

Pharmacology Terms

Pharmacology: The scientific study of drugs, including their effects and mechanisms of action.
Sublingual (SL): Medications that dissolve under the tongue for quick absorption through mucous membranes.
Generic Name: Official name of a drug as recognized by the U.S. Pharmacopeia, usually less expensive than trade names.
Trade Name: The commercial name given to a drug by its manufacturer, often used for marketing purposes.

Complications in IV Therapy

Infiltration: Occurs when IV fluid escapes into surrounding tissue, potentially harming the patient.
Phlebitis: Inflammation of a vein due to IV therapy, requiring careful monitoring and intervention.
Air Embolism: A serious condition where an air bubble obstructs a blood vessel, potentially leading to severe complications.
Circulatory Overload: Results from excessive IV fluid leading to increased blood volume and potential heart failure.
Infection: Bacterial invasion in the body associated with IV access points, highlighting the importance of maintaining sterile techniques.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key medical terminology with this quiz. Each word is accompanied by its definition, helping you to understand critical concepts in infection control and disease management. Perfect for students in medical and health-related fields.