Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who was the first woman composer from whom musical works have survived?
Who was the first woman composer from whom musical works have survived?
- Hildegard von Krampus
- Margaret of Anjou
- Catherine de' Medici
- Hildegard of Bingen (correct)
What did monks in monasteries begin experimenting with adding to chants between 700 and 900?
What did monks in monasteries begin experimenting with adding to chants between 700 and 900?
- Harmony
- Rhythm
- Polyphony (correct)
- Counterpoint
Who was the Italian composer who was also an ordained Priest?
Who was the Italian composer who was also an ordained Priest?
- Tommaso da Vittoria
- Gregorio Allegri (correct)
- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
- Antonio Vivaldi
Which composer's catalog is one of the largest surviving collections from the middle ages?
Which composer's catalog is one of the largest surviving collections from the middle ages?
What device do composers use to reflect the text of a piece using musical elements?
What device do composers use to reflect the text of a piece using musical elements?
What helped create a stronger sense of tonality in Renaissance music than had previously existed?
What helped create a stronger sense of tonality in Renaissance music than had previously existed?
Which composer, known for his concertos, was not famous outside of Germany during his lifetime?
Which composer, known for his concertos, was not famous outside of Germany during his lifetime?
Who is considered the greatest English composer from the 16th to the 19th centuries?
Who is considered the greatest English composer from the 16th to the 19th centuries?
Which composer is known for writing the first great opera, Orfeo?
Which composer is known for writing the first great opera, Orfeo?
Which composer wrote music at an extraordinary rate and was a master of counterpoint and fugues?
Which composer wrote music at an extraordinary rate and was a master of counterpoint and fugues?
Which composer's most famous works are his oratorios, with The Messiah being the most renowned?
Which composer's most famous works are his oratorios, with The Messiah being the most renowned?
Which composer was a choirboy in the royal chapel and began working for the British court at 18?
Which composer was a choirboy in the royal chapel and began working for the British court at 18?
Flashcards
Gregorian Chant
Gregorian Chant
Official music of the Roman Catholic Church in the Medieval period.
Chant Schools
Chant Schools
Schools established to train boys in reading and performing chants for worship.
Hildegard of Bingen
Hildegard of Bingen
First woman composer with surviving musical works.
Troubadours
Troubadours
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Word Painting
Word Painting
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Printing Press
Printing Press
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Oratorio
Oratorio
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Concerto
Concerto
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Castrato
Castrato
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Hymn
Hymn
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Piano
Piano
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Orfeo
Orfeo
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Study Notes
Medieval Music
- Gregorian chant was the official music of the Roman Catholic Church
- Chant schools were established to teach boys to read and perform chants for worship
Early Composers
- Hildegard of Bingen was the first woman composer whose musical works have survived
- Troubadours were a source of information and often sang their own compositions
Musical Development
- Between 700 and 900, monks began experimenting with adding harmony to chants
- Most rhythms of the late Middle Ages were divided by three, representing the Holy Trinity
- The first written harmony moved in parallel motion at the interval of a fourth or fifth
Renaissance Music
- The invention of the printing press enabled mass production of music and books
- Word painting became a widely used device in Renaissance music, reflecting the text of a piece using musical elements
- The use of harmony and counterpoint created a stronger sense of tonality in Renaissance music
Famous Composers
- Guillaume de Machaut was a French composer who wrote both secular and sacred music
- Arcangelo Corelli was an Italian composer and ordained priest, famous for his concertos, including The Four Seasons
- Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer who wrote music at an extraordinary rate, master of counterpoint, and wrote many fugues
- Claudio Monteverdi was an Italian composer from the early Baroque period, famous for writing the first great opera, Orfeo
- George Frideric Handel was a master of Italian opera and English oratorio, famous for his oratorios, including The Messiah
- Henry Purcell was considered the greatest English composer from the 16th to the 19th centuries, famous for his operas and oratorios
Musical Terms
- Oratorio: a large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra with no acting, scenery, or costumes
- Concerto: a composition for instrumental soloist/s and orchestra, usually in three movements
- Castrato: a male singer who had been castrated before puberty to keep his voice from dropping to a lower range
- Hymn: a single piece of vocal music used for congregational singing in religious services that is easy to sing and remember
- Piano: a keyboard instrument invented at the end of the Baroque era, whose original name meant "soft-loud" in Italian
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