Medicine Lecture 18: Presenting Problems in Renal System
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Questions and Answers

What is a common cause of dull ache in the loin according to the text?

  • Blood clot
  • Retroperitoneal fibrosis
  • Sloughed renal papilla (correct)
  • Tumour

Excessive micturition polyuria (> 3 litres/day) may result from:

  • Dehydration
  • Pure water diuresis (correct)
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hypertension

Which condition is typically associated with waking up at night to void urine?

  • Heart disease
  • Diabetes
  • Prostate cancer
  • Chronic kidney disease (correct)

What is a common cause of acute loin pain radiating to the groin according to the text?

<p>Sloughed renal papilla (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to an increase in urine volume according to the text?

<p>Osmotic diuresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Renal colic, the acute loin pain radiating to the groin, is typically due to:

<p>Calculi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically considered a benign condition in the absence of other signs of renal disease?

<p>Orthostatic proteinuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary marker for myeloma?

<p>Bence Jones protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is not sufficient to detect Bence Jones protein?

<p>Sulphosalicylic acid precipitation test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by the loss of more than 3 gm/day of protein in the urine?

<p>Nephrotic syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type secretes free immunoglobulin light chains?

<p>B lymphocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of red blood cells in the urine of healthy individuals?

<p>Up to 12500 rbc/ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a dipstick test to be positive?

<p>Red blood cells, free haemoglobin, or myoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of persistent hematuria?

<p>Malignancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical daily amount of protein that appears in urine?

<p>Less than 150 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may cause proteinuria to occur only during the day?

<p>Vigorous exercise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with proteinuria results that occur due to transient causes?

<p>Tests should be repeated once the stimulus is no longer present (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of UTIs?

<p>Decreased urine volumes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is nocturia?

<p>Frequent urination at night due to sleep disturbance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is anuria defined?

<p>Urine production of less than 50 ml/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can worsen urinary incontinence?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is haematuria?

<p>Blood in the urine that is visible or invisible (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of polyuria?

<p>Diuretic therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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