Medicine Lecture 18: Presenting Problems in Renal System

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What is a common cause of dull ache in the loin according to the text?

Blood clot

Retroperitoneal fibrosis

Sloughed renal papilla (correct)

Tumour

Excessive micturition polyuria (> 3 litres/day) may result from:

Dehydration

Pure water diuresis (correct)

Hypothyroidism

Hypertension

Which condition is typically associated with waking up at night to void urine?

Heart disease

Diabetes

Prostate cancer

Chronic kidney disease (correct)

What is a common cause of acute loin pain radiating to the groin according to the text?

Sloughed renal papilla Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to an increase in urine volume according to the text?

Osmotic diuresis Signup and view all the answers

Renal colic, the acute loin pain radiating to the groin, is typically due to:

Calculi Signup and view all the answers

What is typically considered a benign condition in the absence of other signs of renal disease?

Orthostatic proteinuria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary marker for myeloma?

Bence Jones protein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is not sufficient to detect Bence Jones protein?

Sulphosalicylic acid precipitation test Signup and view all the answers

What is characterized by the loss of more than 3 gm/day of protein in the urine?

Nephrotic syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type secretes free immunoglobulin light chains?

B lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of red blood cells in the urine of healthy individuals?

Up to 12500 rbc/ml Signup and view all the answers

What can cause a dipstick test to be positive?

Red blood cells, free haemoglobin, or myoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of persistent hematuria?

Malignancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical daily amount of protein that appears in urine?

Less than 150 mg Signup and view all the answers

What may cause proteinuria to occur only during the day?

Vigorous exercise Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with proteinuria results that occur due to transient causes?

Tests should be repeated once the stimulus is no longer present Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom of UTIs?

Decreased urine volumes Signup and view all the answers

What is nocturia?

Frequent urination at night due to sleep disturbance Signup and view all the answers

How is anuria defined?

Urine production of less than 50 ml/day Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can worsen urinary incontinence?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is haematuria?

Blood in the urine that is visible or invisible Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of polyuria?

Diuretic therapy Signup and view all the answers