Medicine and Chemistry of the Scientific Revolution
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary cause of sickness according to Galen's theories?

  • Poor hygiene and lack of medical care
  • Exposure to contagious diseases
  • Imbalances in the four humors and temperaments of the body (correct)
  • Supernatural or spiritual forces

How did Galen's approach to medicine differ from the scientific revolution?

  • Galen focused on treating the individual, while the scientific revolution aimed to develop universal medical principles.
  • Galen's treatments were more effective and reliable than those developed during the scientific revolution.
  • Galen relied more on observation and experimentation, while the scientific revolution emphasized theory and deduction.
  • Galen's methods were based on religious teachings, while the scientific revolution prioritized empiricism and the scientific method. (correct)

What was the primary method used in medicine before the scientific revolution?

  • Guesswork based on religious teachings and propagated maxims (correct)
  • Rigorous experimentation and hypothesis testing
  • Detailed anatomical dissections
  • Randomized controlled trials

What was the key difference between Galen's approach and the scientific revolution's approach to medicine?

<p>Galen relied on observation and experimentation, while the scientific revolution emphasized theory and deduction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the reliability of medical treatments before the scientific revolution?

<p>Healing the sick was largely guesswork based on religious teachings and propagated maxims. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of chemists prior to the scientific revolution?

<p>Turning baser metals into gold or silver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributions did Andreas Vesalius make to the advancement of medical knowledge?

<p>Created the world's first medical textbook, <em>De Humani Corporis Fabrica</em>, containing detailed illustrations of the human body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the practice of iatrochemistry differ from alchemy?

<p>Iatrochemists focused on preparing substances and solutions in the purest way possible, rather than transforming one substance into another (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key difference between Galen's and Vesalius' understanding of the human heart?

<p>Galen believed the heart had two chambers, while Vesalius correctly identified it as having four chambers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the key contribution of Robert Boyle to the field of chemistry?

<p>Discovering Boyle's Law, which describes the inverse relationship between gas volume and pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant discovery made by William Harvey?

<p>Blood is continuously pumped throughout the body by the heart. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle did the fledgling physicians and chemists emphasize, which paved the way for further discoveries?

<p>Empiricism and observation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the work done by Paracelsus, Vesalius, and others in the 16th and 17th centuries?

<p>It laid the foundation for our modern understanding of the human body and the composition of substances. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following discoveries was based on the empiricism pioneered by the men discussed in the text?

<p>Edward Jenner's discovery of vaccination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the work of the early physicians and chemists enable in the following centuries?

<p>The acceleration of chemistry and medicine. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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