Medicinal Plants Lecture 5 Quiz

Medicinal Plants Lecture 5 - 2024/2025

• The lecture covers primary plant organs (leaves, stems, and roots).
• Leaves are the main photosynthetic structures.
• Stems provide support and transport systems for nutrients and act as a defense.
• Roots absorb water and nutrients, anchor the plant, and protect against soil bacteria and fungi.

Plant Anatomy Quiz

• The quiz questions relate to labeling parts of a transverse section (TS) of a plant.
• One question asks about the location of casparian strips within the endodermis.
• Another question relates to the type of vascular bundles present in the section.

Anatomy of Primary Plant Organs

• Leaves are responsible for photosynthesis.
• Stems support the plant and facilitate nutrient transport and defense.
• Roots absorb water, anchor plants, and shield them from soil-borne pathogens.

Dicot and Monocot Stems

• Dicot Stems: Vascular bundles arranged in a ring. Pith, cortex, pericycle, and endodermis are distinct structures. Hypodermis is usually collenchymatous.
• Monocot Stems: Vascular bundles scattered throughout the ground tissue. Cortex, pith, pericycle, and endodermis are less differentiated. Hypodermis is usually sclerenchymatous.

Leaf Structure

• Leaf Sections: Diagrams show the arrangement of different leaf tissues (epidermis, mesophyll, vascular bundles).

• Dicot Leaf: Often contains a palisade and spongy mesophyll layers. Vascular bundles are arranged in a network pattern.

• Monocot Leaf: Contains a mesophyll that's less distinctively layered. Vascular bundles are distributed in parallel patterns.

• Key Leaf Tissues: Epidermis (upper and lower); Palisade mesophyll; Spongy mesophyll; Xylem/Phloem (vascular tissues).

Stomata and Guard Cells

• Stomata are pores located in the leaves that regulate gas exchange (carbon dioxide intake, water loss).
• Guard cells surround the stomata; they open and close the pore to control the rate of gas exchange.

Leaf Venation

• Parallel Venation: Found in monocots; veins run parallel to each other.
• Reticulate Venation: Found in dicots; veins form a net-like pattern.

Internal Structure of Monocot and Dicot Leaves

• The internal structure shows the arrangement of different leaf tissues including epidermis, mesophyll (palisade and spongy), and vascular tissues(Xylem/Phloem).
• Sub-stomatal cavities, respiratory cavities and epidermis provide a detailed diagram of the tissue structures.

Test your knowledge on primary plant organs including leaves, stems, and roots in this quiz based on Medicinal Plants Lecture 5. You will encounter questions about plant anatomy, function, and the differences between dicot and monocot stems. Prepare to identify key structures and their roles in plant biology.