124 Questions
Which of the following is a symptom of pseudomembranous colitis caused by overgrowth of C. diff?
Excessive watery diarrhea
What is the recommended schedule for giving an antibiotic that is ordered to be given four times a day?
Every 6 hours
Which of the following is a potential side effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Hearing loss
How long is the duration of antibiotic therapy most often prescribed?
10-14 days
Which type of drugs have mechanisms of action that kill bacteria?
Bactericidal drugs
What is the term for organisms that are usually present on the skin, mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of a healthy individual and do not cause infection?
Normal flora
What is the term for an organism that lives on or in a human and relies on the human for its food and other functions?
Parasite
What is the term for an invasion of body tissue by disease-producing pathogens that multiply and produce toxins that react in a dangerous way and produce illness in a host organism?
Infection
Which type of drugs interfere with the creation and repair of bacterial cell walls?
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors
What is the term used to describe drugs that limit or slow the growth of bacteria?
Bacteriostatic drugs
Why should breast-feeding be avoided during antimicrobial therapy?
Antimicrobial drugs are excreted into breast milk
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Bactericidal drugs
Which term is often used interchangeably with antibiotics?
Antibiotic
What is the purpose of antimicrobial drugs?
To kill or inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
Which group of drugs includes penicillins and cephalosporins?
Antibacterials
What do first-line antitubercular drugs refer to?
Antibiotics used to treat tuberculosis
Which of the following is a strategy to prevent yeast infections when taking antibiotics?
Taking probiotic bacteria with the antibiotic
Which of the following is a characteristic of gram-negative bacteria?
Antibiotics have a difficult time penetrating their cell walls
Which of the following is a member of a large group of microorganisms that include yeasts and molds?
Fungi
What is the term used to describe drugs that can either kill or inhibit the spread of an infectious agent?
Anti-infective agents
Which of the following is an example of antimicrobial resistance?
The development of drug-resistant strains of bacteria
What is the definition of a superbug?
An organism that is resistant to three or more different types of drugs
What are the consequences of infections caused by resistant organisms?
They cost more to treat and increase the length of hospital stays
What are beta-lactamases?
Enzymes that give bacteria resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics
Which type of bacteria are penicillin and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors effective against?
Bacteria with cell walls
What is the main reason why many organisms have become resistant to penicillin over time?
Genetic adaptation of organisms
Which generation of synthetic penicillins was created after World War II?
Second generation
Which type of infections can penicillins be used to treat?
All of the above
In which medical condition is penicillin G still the drug of choice for many infections?
All of the above
For which prophylactic treatment is penicillin used in patients with rheumatic or heart disease?
Dental procedures
Which type of drugs have mechanisms of action that only suppress or slow bacterial growth?
Bacteriostatic drugs
What is the term used to describe drugs that can either kill or inhibit the spread of an infectious agent?
Antibiotics
Which type of infections can penicillins be used to treat?
Bacterial infections
What is the term for an invasion of body tissue by disease-producing pathogens that multiply and produce toxins that react in a dangerous way and produce illness in a host organism?
Infection
Which of the following is a potential side effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Nerve damage
What is the term for organisms that are usually present on the skin, mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of a healthy individual and do not cause infection?
Normal flora
What is the main reason why many organisms have become resistant to penicillin over time?
Natural selection
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Antibiotics
Which of the following is a characteristic of gram-negative bacteria?
They have a complex cell wall with an outer capsule and two cell wall membranes.
What is the term for an organism that lives on or in a human and relies on the human for its food and other functions?
Parasite
Which term is often used interchangeably with antibiotics?
Antimicrobials
What is the definition of a superbug?
A strain of bacteria that has become resistant to multiple antibiotics.
Which type of drugs interfere with the creation and repair of bacterial cell walls?
Antibiotic drugs
Which generation of synthetic penicillins is more powerful than previous generations against susceptible bacteria?
Fourth-generation penicillins
Which term describes drugs that are effective against a wide range of bacteria, including both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria?
Broad-spectrum drugs
What is the term used to describe drugs that limit or slow the growth of bacteria?
Antineoplastic drugs
Which type of bacteria are penicillin and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors effective against?
Bacteria with cell walls
What is the main reason why many organisms have become resistant to penicillin over time?
Excessive use of penicillin
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Antibiotics
Which generation of synthetic penicillins was created after World War II?
Second generation
Which of the following is a symptom of pseudomembranous colitis caused by overgrowth of C. diff?
Diarrhea
What are beta-lactamases?
Enzymes that break down beta-lactam antibiotics
Which of the following is the definition of antimicrobial resistance?
The ability of an organism to resist the killing or growth-suppressing effects of anti-infective drugs.
What is the term used to describe bacteria that are resistant to three or more different types of drugs to which they were once susceptible?
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms
Which of the following is considered an urgent drug-resistant threat according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
All of the above
What are beta-lactamases?
Enzymes that some bacteria produce that give them resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics.
Which term is often used interchangeably with antibiotics?
Antibiotic
What is the term for an organism that lives on or in a human and relies on the human for its food and other functions?
Antiparasitic
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Antibacterial
What is the purpose of antimicrobial drugs?
To kill or inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
Which term is often used interchangeably with antibiotics?
Antibacterial
What is the term used to describe drugs that limit or slow the growth of bacteria?
Antibacterial
What is the purpose of antimicrobial drugs?
To inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms
What do first-line antitubercular drugs refer to?
Drugs that are used as the initial treatment for tuberculosis
Which term is often used interchangeably with antibiotics?
Antibacterials
What is the term for an invasion of body tissue by disease-producing pathogens that multiply and produce toxins that react in a dangerous way and produce illness in a host organism?
Infection
Which generation of synthetic penicillins was created after World War II?
Second-generation
Which type of drugs have mechanisms of action that kill bacteria?
Antibacterials
Which of the following is a strategy to prevent yeast infections?
Using probiotic bacteria with an antibiotic
Which type of microorganisms have cell features that are similar to those of human cells?
Fungi
Which type of microorganisms can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms?
Viruses
Which term is used to describe drugs that can either kill or inhibit the spread of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoans?
Antibiotics
Which of the following is a potential side effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Liver and kidney damage
What is the recommended duration of antibiotic therapy for most infections?
10-14 days
Which of the following is a symptom of pseudomembranous colitis caused by overgrowth of C. diff?
Excessive watery, bloody diarrhea
What is the main reason why it is important for patients to complete the full course of antibiotic therapy?
To prevent drug resistance
Which term describes drugs that are effective against a wide range of bacteria, including both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria?
Broad-spectrum drugs
What is the term used to describe drugs that can either kill or inhibit the spread of an infectious agent?
Antimicrobial drugs
Which type of bacteria are penicillin and other cell wall synthesis inhibitors effective against?
Gram-positive bacteria
What is the term used to describe drugs that limit or slow the growth of bacteria?
Bacteriostatic drugs
Which of the following is an example of a normal flora organism in the bowel that can cause infection in the urinary tract if present in excessive amounts or in the wrong place?
Escherichia coli
What is the term used to describe the number of different specific organisms a drug is effective against?
Spectrum
Which group of microorganisms exists by absorbing nutrients from a host organism and includes yeasts and molds?
Fungi
Which type of infection is caused by an invasion of body tissue by disease-producing pathogens that multiply and produce toxins?
Infection
Which of the following is a common and expected side effect of anti-infective therapy, especially antibacterial drugs?
Diarrhea
What is the term for organisms that are neither killed nor suppressed by anti-infective drugs?
Resistant organisms
Which of the following is true about drug-resistant strains of bacteria?
They increase the length of hospital stays
What is the term for an enzyme that some bacteria produce to resist beta-lactam antibiotics?
Penicillinase
Which of the following is a potential consequence of bacterial resistance to penicillin?
Decreased effectiveness of penicillin against bacteria
Which generation of synthetic penicillins is still the drug of choice for many infections?
First generation
What is the main reason why many organisms have become resistant to penicillin over time?
Overuse and misuse of penicillin
What is the term used to describe bacteria that are resistant to three or more different types of drugs to which they were once susceptible?
Superbugs
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Antibiotics
Why should breast-feeding be avoided during antimicrobial therapy?
Antimicrobial drugs can be harmful to infants
Which of the following is a characteristic of normal flora organisms?
They are considered nonpathogens
What is the term used to describe an organism that is expected to cause infection even among people with a strong immune system?
Pathogen
Which of the following is a risk factor for infection?
Poor nutritional status
What can antibiotic use potentially cause in the body?
Yeast or fungal infections
Which of the following is a possible side effect of tetracycline antibiotics?
Nausea and vomiting
Which of the following is true about fluoroquinolone antibiotics?
They can cause tendonitis and tendon rupture
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill or slow the reproduction of bacteria only?
Antibacterials
What is the term used to describe drugs that have the purpose of killing or inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms?
Antimicrobial drugs
Which of the following is a potential side effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Hearing loss
What is the term for an invasion of body tissue by disease-producing pathogens that multiply and produce toxins that react in a dangerous way and produce illness in a host organism?
Infection
What is the main reason why it is important for patients to complete the full course of antibiotic therapy?
To prevent infection recurrence and drug resistance
What are beta-lactamases?
Enzymes produced by some bacteria to resist beta-lactam antibiotics
Which of the following is true about probiotic bacteria?
Probiotic bacteria can prevent yeast infections.
Which of the following is a characteristic of gram-negative bacteria?
They have a complex cell wall with two membranes.
Which of the following is true about fungi?
Fungal infections are called mycosis.
Which of the following is true about viral infections?
Viral infections can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms.
Which of the following is a common side effect of anti-infective therapy, especially antibacterial drugs?
Diarrhea
What is the term used to describe organisms that are neither killed nor suppressed by anti-infective drugs?
Resistant organisms
Which of the following is NOT considered an urgent drug-resistant threat by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
What are beta-lactamases?
Enzymes that give bacteria resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics
Which of the following is an example of a bacteriostatic drug?
Macrolides
Which of the following is a characteristic of broad-spectrum drugs?
They are effective against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
What is the term used to describe drugs that limit or slow the growth of bacteria?
Bacteriostatic
Which of the following is true about penicillins?
They interfere with the creation and repair of bacterial cell walls
Which type of bacteria are penicillins effective against?
Gram-positive bacteria
What is the drug of choice for many infections, including syphilis and certain types of endocarditis?
Penicillin G
Which generation of synthetic penicillins is still the drug of choice for many infections?
First generation
What is the term used to describe drugs that are used to prevent bacterial endocarditis in patients with heart disease before dental procedures or surgery?
Prophylactic treatment
Which type of infections are penicillins commonly used for?
All of the above
What is the term used to describe drugs that kill bacteria?
Antibiotics
Understanding the Importance of Proper Medication Timing and Storage: Take this quiz to learn why spacing out your medications evenly throughout the day yields the best results. Discover why it's crucial not to save expired antimicrobial drugs and the impact of breastfeeding during antimicrobial therapy.
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