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Questions and Answers
What effect does theophylline have on the heart rate?
What effect does theophylline have on the heart rate?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction associated with theophylline?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction associated with theophylline?
What is one of the primary uses of aminophylline?
What is one of the primary uses of aminophylline?
What should be monitored when administering aminophylline?
What should be monitored when administering aminophylline?
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Which condition might require a dose adjustment of theophylline?
Which condition might require a dose adjustment of theophylline?
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What effect does calcium chloride have on cardiac function?
What effect does calcium chloride have on cardiac function?
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Which of the following is a possible adverse effect of calcium chloride injections?
Which of the following is a possible adverse effect of calcium chloride injections?
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In which patient population should calcium chloride be used cautiously?
In which patient population should calcium chloride be used cautiously?
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What is the main action of the drug mentioned for heart failure?
What is the main action of the drug mentioned for heart failure?
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Which condition should lead to withholding the heart drug?
Which condition should lead to withholding the heart drug?
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What are some common side effects of Diazepam?
What are some common side effects of Diazepam?
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What is a potential risk when using Diazepam in elderly patients?
What is a potential risk when using Diazepam in elderly patients?
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What is a primary use of calcium gluconate 10%?
What is a primary use of calcium gluconate 10%?
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What is the desired calcium level to maintain in patients to prevent complications?
What is the desired calcium level to maintain in patients to prevent complications?
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What is the primary therapeutic use of the drug described for anxiety?
What is the primary therapeutic use of the drug described for anxiety?
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What condition can result from large doses of calcium gluconate in chronic renal failure?
What condition can result from large doses of calcium gluconate in chronic renal failure?
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Which of the following should be monitored frequently during treatment involving calcium supplements?
Which of the following should be monitored frequently during treatment involving calcium supplements?
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In managing hypercalcemia, what threshold should not be exceeded for calcium levels?
In managing hypercalcemia, what threshold should not be exceeded for calcium levels?
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Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with cardiac disturbances?
Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with cardiac disturbances?
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What should be double-checked when administering calcium for resuscitation?
What should be double-checked when administering calcium for resuscitation?
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Which condition could lead to symptoms like constipation and thirst?
Which condition could lead to symptoms like constipation and thirst?
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What is the primary action of Dexamethasone?
What is the primary action of Dexamethasone?
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Which condition may require monitoring of glucose levels in patients taking high doses of corticosteroids?
Which condition may require monitoring of glucose levels in patients taking high doses of corticosteroids?
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What is a common side effect of Digoxin?
What is a common side effect of Digoxin?
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What does a pulse rate of 60 beats per minute or less indicate in a patient taking Digoxin?
What does a pulse rate of 60 beats per minute or less indicate in a patient taking Digoxin?
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What can excessive doses of Dexamethasone potentially lead to?
What can excessive doses of Dexamethasone potentially lead to?
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What is the mechanism through which Digoxin increases cardiac output?
What is the mechanism through which Digoxin increases cardiac output?
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What electrolyte imbalance may occur with high doses of Dexamethasone?
What electrolyte imbalance may occur with high doses of Dexamethasone?
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What side effects should be monitored in patients taking Dexamethasone?
What side effects should be monitored in patients taking Dexamethasone?
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What effect does Dobutrex® (Dobutamine) have on the heart?
What effect does Dobutrex® (Dobutamine) have on the heart?
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Which symptoms can occur with the use of Dobutrex®?
Which symptoms can occur with the use of Dobutrex®?
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What is an important consideration when using Dobutrex® in patients with atrial fibrillation?
What is an important consideration when using Dobutrex® in patients with atrial fibrillation?
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Which of the following statements about acute alcohol withdrawal is accurate?
Which of the following statements about acute alcohol withdrawal is accurate?
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What role does Dobutrex® play in the treatment of cardiac decompensation?
What role does Dobutrex® play in the treatment of cardiac decompensation?
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Which medicine class does Dobutamine belong to?
Which medicine class does Dobutamine belong to?
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In preoperative sedation, what is the expected effect on the CNS?
In preoperative sedation, what is the expected effect on the CNS?
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What is a potential side effect of Dobutrex® that should be monitored during treatment?
What is a potential side effect of Dobutrex® that should be monitored during treatment?
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What is one of the primary uses of Intropin® Dopamine?
What is one of the primary uses of Intropin® Dopamine?
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How does higher doses of Intropin® Dopamine affect alpha receptors?
How does higher doses of Intropin® Dopamine affect alpha receptors?
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What is a common side effect associated with Intropin® Dopamine administration?
What is a common side effect associated with Intropin® Dopamine administration?
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In which condition is Intropin® Dopamine notably indicated for use?
In which condition is Intropin® Dopamine notably indicated for use?
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What effect does Intropin® Dopamine have on cardiac output?
What effect does Intropin® Dopamine have on cardiac output?
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During infusion of Intropin® Dopamine, what should be frequently monitored?
During infusion of Intropin® Dopamine, what should be frequently monitored?
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What characterizes the action of Intropin® Dopamine on adrenergic receptors?
What characterizes the action of Intropin® Dopamine on adrenergic receptors?
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What effect does Intropin® Dopamine have on blood pressure?
What effect does Intropin® Dopamine have on blood pressure?
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Study Notes
Medication Information
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Alpha-adrenergic agonist, used to start heartbeats, treat acute asthma attacks, hemostasis, bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, and allergic reactions; also used during cardiac arrest, adjustment for anesthesia, and shock treatment of bronchospasms, and anaphylactic reactions.
- Atropine Sulphate: Anticholinergic and muscarinic antagonist. Used to treat bradycardia, and decreases/suppresses secretions during surgery.
- Aminophylline (Theophylline): Bronchodilator that relaxes bronchial smooth muscles. Stimulates beta 2 receptors and alpha and beta receptors in the sympathetic nervous system.
- Dexamethasone (Decadron): Anti-inflammatory/corticosteroid that decreases inflammation, stabilizes leukocytes, and suppresses immune response.
- Digoxin (Lanoxin): Cardiac glycoside that corrects tachycardia and strengthens heart muscle. Inhibits the sodium pump to increase intracellular calcium and myocardial contractility. Inhibits conduction through AV nodes and increases heart rate.
- Diazepam (Valium): Anti-convulsant, anxiolytic, and sedative. Potentiates the effects of GABA, depresses the CNS, and suppresses seizure activity.
- Dobutamine (Dobutrex): Adrenergic agonist, vasopressor, treats cardiac decompensation; stimulates beta-1 receptors, increases contractility, and cardiac output.
- Dopamine (Intropin): Alpha and beta adrenergic agonist. Corrects imbalances in shock syndrome. Increases cardiac output. Increases systolic and pulse pressure in shock.
- Furosemide (Lasix): Loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption. Used to treat cardiac toxicity of hyperkalemia.
- Hydrocortisone: Corticosteroid used for severe inflammation and adrenal insufficiency. Suppresses immune response and influences metabolism.
- Isoproterenol (Isuprel): Beta-adrenergic agonist, bronchodilator, and cardiac stimulator. Treats shock. Relaxes vascular smooth muscles.
- Lidocaine (Xylocaine): Anti-arrhythmic and local anesthetic. Used to treat arrhythmias (V-fib and V-tach).
Side Effects and Nursing Considerations
- Adrenaline (Epinephrine): Sweating, headaches, anxiety, tachycardia, dry mouth, constipation. Observe patients closely for adverse reactions. Notify prescriber.
- Atropine: Sweating, headaches, anxiety, dry mouth, constipation, dysphagia, tachycardia. Monitor for tachycardia, especially in cardiac patients; adverse reactions may vary.
- Aminophylline: Nausea, vomiting, shock, drowsiness, headache.
- Dexamethasone: Fluid & electrolyte disturbances, impaired wound healing, increased intracranial pressure. Monitor patient for depression in high-doses.
- Digoxin: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, blurred vision. Monitor pulse rate and withhold if pulse is less than 60 bpm.
- Diazepam: Nausea, dry mouth, headaches, nervousness. Observe for dizziness, ataxia, and falls.
- Dobutamine: Headache, fatigue, shortness of breath, tremors, nervousness. Monitor ECG, central venous pressure, pulse rate, and urine output.
- Dopamine: Nausea, vomiting, pain, palpitations, headaches. Monitor ECG, blood pressure, cardiac output and urine output during infusion.
- Furosemide: Nocturia, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, cramping, anorexia. Monitor vital signs, fluid intake, and output.
- Hydrocortisone: Depression, psychotic episodes, increased insulin needs. Monitor glucose levels.
- Isoproterenol: Headaches; nausea and vomiting, hypertension, arrhythmias. Monitor ECG
- Lidocaine: Headache, nausea. Monitor drug levels.
Other Information
- Emergency Trolley: Contains essential medications for emergency situations, such as cardiac arrest and code-blue situations.
- Crash Cart Types: Categorized by age (adult, pediatric, newborn intensive care).
- Crash Cart Contents: Includes monitors/defibrillators, Advanced Cardiac Life Support drugs, first-line drugs (e.g. adenosine, dextrose, diazepam, or midazolam).
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Description
Test your knowledge on various medications including their uses, classifications, and functions. This quiz covers important drugs such as Adrenaline, Atropine Sulphate, Aminophylline, Dexamethasone, and Digoxin. Perfect for students in pharmacology or anyone interested in medication information.
