30 Questions
Which medication has been reported to cause weight gain due to fluid retention and consumption of high-calorie beverages?
Lithium
What is the reported percentage of patients gaining 10 kg (22 lb) or more with long-term use of lithium?
20%
Which type of medication may be related more to retention of fluid and sodium than to increased body fat for weight gain?
Hormonal contraceptives
What is the reported reason for noncompliance with lithium therapy?
Weight gain
Which gastrointestinal drug has been reported to cause increased appetite and weight gain?
Omeprazole
What is the attributed cause of increased weight with long-term use of lithium?
Fluid retention
What is the reported extent of weight gain with proton pump inhibitors?
Unknown
What is the suggested reason for weight gain in women with lithium-induced hypothyroidism?
Fluid retention
What is the reported reason for weight gain in patients using hormonal contraceptives?
Fluid retention
What is the common reason for noncompliance with lithium therapy?
Weight gain
Which drug has been used with success due to its antipsychotic effect and associated weight gain?
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
What has some effectiveness in preventing relapse in clients whose weight has been partially or completely restored?
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
At what dosage can Amitriptyline (Elavil) and the antihistamine cyproheptadine (Periactin) promote weight gain in inpatients with anorexia nervosa?
Up to 28 mg/day
What is the main concern to Maggie’s parents about her appearance and fatigue?
Weight loss
What has caused Maggie to go from being an A and B student to barely passing in school?
Weight loss
What has become a concern to Maggie’s family because she spends much of her time isolated in her room, even in the middle of the night?
Isolation
What has caused Maggie to have trouble sleeping?
Weight loss
What has caused Maggie to have weak, brittle hair and trouble sleeping?
Weight loss
Why has Maggie been referred to the eating disorders unit?
Weight loss
What has caused Maggie's family to report that she has gone from being an A and B student to barely passing in school?
Weight loss
Which type of antidepressants are associated with excessive appetite and weight gain?
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
Which antidiabetic drug is usually the initial drug of choice for obese patients with type 2 diabetes as it does not promote weight gain?
Metformin
Which group of drugs is extensively associated with weight gain, with clozapine and olanzapine causing significant weight gain in 40% or more of patients?
Antipsychotic drugs
Which type of drugs are reported to cause increased appetite, weight gain, and retention of sodium and fluid?
Systemic corticosteroids
Which class of drugs may promote weight loss with short-term use but may cause weight gain with long-term use?
Antidepressants
Which antidiabetic drug is associated with weight gain?
Sulfonylureas
Which type of drugs are associated with weight gain possibly due to stimulation of appetite and/or slowed metabolic rate?
Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)
Which group of drugs may increase appetite and cause weight gain?
Antihistamines
Which type of drugs are reported to cause weight gain possibly due to decreased exercise tolerance and metabolic rate?
Beta-adrenergic blockers
Which class of drugs is associated with weight gain leading to increased risks of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and psychological distress, especially in children and adolescents?
Antipsychotic drugs
Study Notes
Medication and Weight Gain in Various Medical Conditions
- Studies have been conducted since the 1980s to evaluate the effectiveness of medications, primarily antidepressants, in treating bulimia, showing short-term positive results.
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine may promote weight loss with short-term use but may cause weight gain with long-term use. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are associated with excessive appetite and weight gain.
- Antidiabetic drugs like insulin, sulfonylureas, and glitazones are associated with weight gain, while metformin is usually the initial drug of choice for obese patients with type 2 diabetes as it does not promote weight gain.
- Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as phenytoin, valproic acid, and newer AEDs like gabapentin are associated with weight gain, possibly due to stimulation of appetite and/or slowed metabolic rate.
- Histamine1 (H1) antagonists increase appetite and cause weight gain, while beta-adrenergic blockers and alpha-blockers are reported to cause weight gain, possibly due to decreased exercise tolerance and metabolic rate.
- Antipsychotic drugs are extensively associated with weight gain, with clozapine and olanzapine causing significant weight gain in 40% or more of patients and adversely affecting glucose regulation.
- Weight gain has been reported with the statin group of cholesterol-lowering drugs, and systemic corticosteroids may cause increased appetite, weight gain, and retention of sodium and fluid.
- The effects of medications on weight gain may lead to increased risks of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and psychological distress, especially in children and adolescents.
- For patients with diabetes requiring drug therapy, a sulfonylurea may be given for near-normal-weight patients, while metformin is usually the initial drug of choice for obese patients.
- Weight gain may lead to noncompliance with drug therapy, especially in patients with diabetes, obesity, or at risk of developing diabetes.
- The extent to which the effects of antipsychotic drugs on glucose regulation are related to weight gain is unknown, suggesting the need for careful consideration in drug selection for patients at risk of diabetes.
- Mechanisms by which medications promote weight gain are unclear and may involve various factors such as appetite stimulation, slowed metabolic rate, and decreased exercise tolerance.
Test your knowledge about the impact of medications on weight gain in various medical conditions with this informative quiz. Explore the effects of antidepressants, antidiabetic drugs, antiepileptic drugs, histamine1 antagonists, beta-adrenergic blockers, antipsychotic drugs, statins, and corticosteroids on body weight. Understand the potential risks and considerations for drug therapy in patients at risk of diabetes, obesity, and related health concerns.
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