Medication Aide State Test Flashcards

Drug Action and Administration

• Drug action can be influenced by multiple factors, excluding the patient's intelligence.
• For eye medication orders, common abbreviations include OD, OU, OS, and opth.
• The drug name assigned and owned by the manufacturer is known as the brand name, product name, or trade name.
• Pharmacokinetics studies the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.
• Insulin and heparin are examples of medications derived from animal sources.

Drug Interaction Effects

• Hypertension may be managed with two drugs due to their synergistic effect.
• Pharmacodynamics examines the interactions between drugs and the body.
• The abbreviation q.i.d. is incorrectly interpreted as "every other day."

Medication Standards and Procedures

• Drug standards ensure uniform strength, quality, and purity of medications.
• Biotransformation is synonymous with metabolism, involving chemical reactions that process drugs.
• The generic name of a drug typically aligns with its official name.

Medication Administration Rights

• Seven Rights of medication administration include the right drug, dose, patient, route, time, technique, and documentation.

Legal Aspects and Responsibilities

• In Kansas, a CMA is permitted to administer specific forms of medication but must notify the charge nurse regarding any adverse reactions.
• The CMA cannot execute tasks they feel untrained for and must ensure medication is documented correctly.

Drug Misuse and Abuse

• Commonly abused drugs include alcohol, nicotine, anabolic steroids, barbiturates, and depressants.

Therapeutic Effects

• The therapeutic effect of a drug is the desired physiological response, while side effects are other effects that may occur.

Administration Techniques

• Sublingual drugs begin absorption in the mouth, while enteric-coated pills commence absorption in the small intestine.
• Proper procedures must be followed when administering ear drops or nasal sprays, including cleaning the applicator and using cotton balls.

Medication Errors

• Medication errors include administering drugs at incorrect times or dosages and should be reported immediately to supervisors.
• The disposal of discontinued medications occurs regularly, and any errors should not be disclosed to family without proper protocol.

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Medications

• Common medications for hypertension include lisinopril, norvasc, and clonidine hydrochloride.
• Nitroglycerin and bronchodilators are vital in cardiovascular and respiratory treatments, aiding in relaxation of blood vessels and air passage.

Renal Considerations

• Knowledge of kidney function is vital, as renal impairment affects drug excretion and can lead to complications.

Drug Classifications

• Medications for nausea and vomiting are classified as antiemetics, while diuretics manage conditions like edema and hypertension.
• The classification of laxatives includes Metamucil and Ducolax.

General Medical Knowledge

• Signs such as cyanosis are due to a lack of oxygen, while cardiac glycosides like Digoxin function as heart stimulants.
• Important terms include hematuria (blood in urine) and pyuria (pus in urine) as indicators of renal disease.

Eye Health

• Mydriatics are drugs that dilate the pupil, while glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure.

Patient Care Practices

• Analgesics should be given consistently to manage pain effectively.
• Always adhere to dosage calculations and administration protocols to avoid errors and ensure patient safety.

Aging and Health Impact

• Aging can change the sclera's condition, which may require awareness in medication administration and assessments.### Medical Terms and Definitions
• Dizziness is referred to as vertigo.
• Cerumen is commonly known as ear wax.
• Dilantin, Depakote, and Tegretol are classified as anticonvulsants.
• Sinemet (carbidopa/levodopa) is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease.
• Diplopia is the medical term for double vision.
• Isopto or artificial tears are utilized to treat dry eyes.

Side Effects and Medications

• Common side effects of antidepressants include dry mouth and constipation.
• Medications like Namenda, Razadyne, Aricept, and Exelon are prescribed for Alzheimer's disease.
• Tinnitus refers to the condition of ringing in the ears.

Eye Care Administration

• If an eye drop lands on the outer eyelid, it is appropriate to repeat administering the drop.
• Pressure should be applied to the lacrimal sac for one minute after administering Timoptic drops.

Medical Disorders

• Epilepsy is characterized by periodic seizures or convulsions.
• Cernumenex is not used to treat glaucoma, while Diamox, Pilocarpine, and Cosopt are.
• Recommended antidepressants to avoid in the elderly include Elavil and Tofranil.
• Osteoarthritis is defined as joint pain and stiffness caused by wear and tear of bone.

Muscle Relaxants and Symptoms

• Methocarbamol (Robaxin), Para Forte, and cyclobenzapine (Flexeril) are types of muscle relaxants.
• A sign of aspirin overdose is ringing in the ears.

Diabetes-Related Symptoms

• In diabetes, extreme hunger, sweating, confusion, palpitations, and restlessness during sleep may indicate hypoglycemia.