Medical Terminology Unit 9 Flashcards

Anatomical Terms

• Dors/o: Refers to the dorsal side, indicating proximity to the back.
• Ventr/o: Relates to the ventral side, indicating closeness to the belly.
• Anter/o: Signifies the front; directed towards the anterior.
• Poster/o: Indicates the back; associated with the posterior position.
• Cephal/o: Means upward, towards the head; associated with cephalic orientation.
• Caud/o: Refers to downward movement, towards the tail; commonly associated with caudal.
• Medi/o: Indicates proximity towards the midline of the body; described as medial.
• Later/o: Indicates lateral positioning, away from the midline toward the side.
• Super/o: Refers to a position that is above, termed as superior.
• Infer/o: Indicates a position that is below, known as inferior.
• Proxim/o: Describes a position that is near the point of origin; termed proximal.
• Dist/o: Refers to a position that is away from the point of origin; termed distal.
• Sagitt/o: Pertains to a vertical plane dividing the body into left and right parts; known as sagittal.
• Coron/o: Describes a structure that resembles a crown, or is encircling.

Planes and Directions

• Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts (definition not provided).
• Frontal Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections (definition not provided).
• -ad: A suffix meaning toward.

Additional Anatomical Terms

• Axillary: Refers to the armpit area.
• Omphal/o: Pertains to the navel or belly button.
• Pro-: Signifies positioning in front of something.

Medical Terminology

• Px (Prognosis): The predicted outcome of a disease based on medical history and current health status.
• Dx (Diagnosis): The process of identifying a disease based on signs and symptoms.
• Dia-: A prefix meaning "through" or "throughout."
• Sign: Objective indicators of disease or health conditions.
• Symptom: Subjective experiences reported by the patient concerning their health.

Prefixes and Suffixes

• Aer/o: Refers to air.
• An-: Denotes absence or lack of something.
• -bic: Relates to life.
• Chrom/o: Pertains to color.
• Philic: Indicates attraction or affinity towards.
• Eu-: Means healthy or easy.
• -tocia: Related to labor or childbirth.

Germ Layers in Development

• Ectoderm: The outermost embryonic layer, forms skin, hair, nails, and the nervous system.
• Mesoderm: The middle layer, develops into muscles and systems related to circulation, reproduction, and excretion.
• Endoderm: The innermost layer, responsible for forming the linings of the digestive and respiratory tracts.

Other Medical Terms

• -dispia: Refers to thirst.
• -phagia: Pertains to hunger.
• -plasm: The substance of cells or cellular fluid.
• -proto: Means first in sequence.
• Top/o: Indicates a position or place in anatomy.
• Anteversion: Refers to turning forward.
• Retroversion: Indicates turning backward.
• Flexion: The act of bending or shortening a body part.
• Colp/o: Relates specifically to the vagina.