Medical Terminology - Reproductive Systems

Medical Terminology - The Reproductive Systems

• Cervic/o refers to the cervix, the lower part of the uterus.
• Gynec/o indicates a relation to female or woman.
• Men/o is associated with menstruation.
• -gravida signifies a pregnant state.
• Colp/o pertains to the vagina.
• Ov/o denotes an egg or ovum.
• Ovari/o indicates the ovary.
• Test/i relates to testicles, where sperm is produced.
• Hyster/o refers to the uterus.
• Vagin/o is another term for vagina.
• Mast/o signifies breast-related terminology.
• Nulli- means none or zero.
• -pexy indicates surgical fixation of organs.
• -para relates to giving birth.
• Salping/o pertains to the fallopian tube.

Key Terms and Definitions

• Endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus.
• Zygote is the single cell formed after conception.
• Bartholin's glands produce mucus for vaginal lubrication.
• Fimbriae are the finger-like structures that catch the ovum.
• Perimenopause refers to the transitional phase before menopause.
• Vaginal candidiasis is commonly known as a yeast infection.
• Seminiferous tubules are where sperm formation occurs in testicles.
• Menarche marks the beginning of menstrual periods during puberty.
• Perineum is the area between the vaginal opening and anus in females.
• Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the ovary.

Structures and Functions

• Lactiferous ducts carry milk from mammary glands to the nipple.
• Scrotum surrounds and protects the testicles.
• Vulva denotes the external female genitalia.
• Foreskin protects the glans of the penis.
• Clitoris is sensitive tissue located near the vaginal opening.

Clinical Terms and Conditions

• Primigravida describes a woman in her first pregnancy.
• Colostrum is the initial milk produced post-birth.
• Cervicitis indicates inflammation of the cervix, often from infections.
• Embryo refers to the developing child from implantation to the 8th week.
• Nullipara is a woman who has never been pregnant.

Procedures and Testing

• Orchiopexy corrects cryptorchidism, a condition of undescended testicles.
• Cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical delivery method.
• Myomectomy involves the surgical removal of uterine fibroids.
• Amenorrhea describes the absence of menstruation.
• Vasectomy is a sterilization procedure for males.

Miscellaneous

• Trichomoniasis is an STD caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
• Andropause refers to the decrease in testosterone in older men.
• Episiotomy is a surgical cut made in the tissue during childbirth to facilitate delivery.
• Placenta previa occurs when the placenta implants low in the uterus, covering the cervix.
• Neonate refers to a newborn infant immediately after birth.

Symptoms and Signs

• Lochia is the discharge following childbirth.
• Dysmenorrhea denotes pain during menstruation.
• Balanitis refers to inflammation of the glans penis.
• Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vaginal lining with common causes being infections.
• Leukorrhea describes a whitish mucus discharge, often due to infection or hormonal changes.

Surgical Terms

• Vaginocele is a hernia that protrudes into the vagina.
• Orchidoplasty involves the surgical repair of testicles.
• Endometritis indicates inflammation of the endometrium.
• Oophoroplasty refers to the surgical repair of an ovary.
• Vaginodynia is the term for pain in the vagina.