Medical Terminology: Range of Motion Flashcards

Range of Motion (R.O.M) Terminology

• Abduction: Movement away from the body in areas such as the shoulder, hip, ankle, fingers, and toes.
• Adduction: Movement towards the body involving the shoulder, hip, ankle, fingers, and toes.
• Extension: Straightening motion primarily occurring in hinge joints like the hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow.
• Flexion: The bending action seen in hinge joints such as the knee, elbow, and waist.
• Hyper-extension: Excessive straightening, particularly observed in the neck and wrist.

Foot and Ankle Movements

• Inversion: Movement where the ankle turns inward, affecting the foot's position.
• Eversion: Movement where the ankle turns outward, affecting the foot's orientation.
• Dorsiflexion: Bending the ankle and foot backwards.
• Plantar flexion: Bending the ankle and foot forward, essential in activities like walking and standing.

Joint Rotation

• Rotation: Movement around an axis, common in joints like the ankle, shoulder, and hip.
• Internal Rotation: Inward turning movement seen in the hip and shoulder joints.
• External Rotation: Outward turning movement occurring in the hip and shoulder joints.

Forearm and Finger Movements

• Pronation: Inward turning of the forearm, turning the palm downward.
• Supination: Outward turning of the forearm, turning the palm upward.
• Opposition: The action of touching the opposite side, particularly relevant for thumb and finger movements.