Medical Terminology Quiz

Questions and Answers

What does anticoagulant refer to?

Stimulates heart rate

Increases blood flow

Helps prevent infection

Helps prevent clotting (correct)

What does apnea mean?

Without breath

What is atherosclerosis?

Hardening of the arteries

What does asepsis refer to?

Free of germs Signup and view all the answers

What does bacteriostatic mean?

Sterile Signup and view all the answers

Define bradycardia.

Slow heart rate (below 60 BPM) Signup and view all the answers

What is carcinoma?

Tumor forming Signup and view all the answers

What does cardiology study?

Study of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by cardiovascular?

Pertaining to the heart Signup and view all the answers

What does a centrifuge do?

To spin Signup and view all the answers

What does cephalgia mean?

Headache Signup and view all the answers

What is a clot?

Formation of fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen, and platelet plug Signup and view all the answers

Define coagulate.

Formation of fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen plug Signup and view all the answers

What does communicable mean?

Transmitted viruses or disease Signup and view all the answers

What does crenated describe?

Notched cells, just like red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is acrocyanosis?

Loss of blood flow to the extremities where the hands and feet turn blue. Signup and view all the answers

What does adenoma refer to?

Lymph node tumor Signup and view all the answers

What does aerobic mean?

With oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does anaerobic mean?

Without oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is anastomosis?

To attach Signup and view all the answers

What does anemia indicate?

Low red blood cells, low iron Signup and view all the answers

What does gastroenterology study?

Study of the intestinal system Signup and view all the answers

What does gastrointestinal refer to?

Pertaining to the intestine or digestive system Signup and view all the answers

What does geriatric mean?

Pertaining to the elderly Signup and view all the answers

What does germicide do?

Sterilizes and eliminates germs Signup and view all the answers

What is glomerulonephritis?

Inflammation of the nephron Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a gram stain?

Elucidates bacteria with a stain Signup and view all the answers

What does gynecology study?

Study of the female reproductive system Signup and view all the answers

What does hematology study?

Study of the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematoma?

Fluid filled sac containing ruptured red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is hemolysis?

Separation of the blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does hemophilia indicate?

Hereditary disease of the blood in which the clotting mechanisms are absent Signup and view all the answers

What is hemorrhage?

Profuse blood flow or bleeding out Signup and view all the answers

What does hepatic refer to?

Pertaining to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is hepatomegaly?

Enlarged liver Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by hormone?

Endocrine secretion Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperkalemia indicate?

Increased potassium Signup and view all the answers

What does hypernatremia indicate?

Increased sodium Signup and view all the answers

What does hypochromatic mean?

Pale red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does hypokalemia indicate?

Low potassium Signup and view all the answers

What does hyponatremia indicate?

Low sodium Signup and view all the answers

What is a hysterectomy?

Removal of the female reproductive organs Signup and view all the answers

What is ileitis?

Inflammation of the ileum Signup and view all the answers

What is incubation in a medical context?

Growth time using heat Signup and view all the answers

What does infarct refer to?

Dead cardiac muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does infection indicate?

Inflammation, redness, increased white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does oncology study?

Study of cancer Signup and view all the answers

What does ophthalmology study?

Study of the eyes Signup and view all the answers

What does otitis refer to?

Inflammation of the ears Signup and view all the answers

What does palpate mean?

To apply controlled pressure to internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What does pharyngitis refer to?

Inflammation/infection of the pharyngeal membrane Signup and view all the answers

What does serology study?

Study of the blood serum Signup and view all the answers

What does thrombophlebitis indicate?

Inflammation of the vein from a blood clot Signup and view all the answers

What does urology study?

Study of the urinary tract Signup and view all the answers

What does neoplasm refer to?

Growth/tumor Signup and view all the answers

What does nephritis indicate?

Infection/inflammation of the nephron Signup and view all the answers

What does myocarditis indicate?

Inflammation of the myocardium Signup and view all the answers

What is monilia?

Yeast or candidiasis Signup and view all the answers

What does lysis mean?

Separation Signup and view all the answers

What does lipemic indicate?

Excessive fat in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What does leukocytosis indicate?

Increased white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is ketosis?

Increase in ketones in the liver/blood in kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What does isolation mean in a health context?

Protection from the spread of illness Signup and view all the answers

What does ischemia refer to?

Loss of blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is bleeding time?

Test to determine clotting time of blood Signup and view all the answers

What is a blood culture?

Test to determine organism growing in blood Signup and view all the answers

What does blood urea nitrogen test measure?

BUN Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical symbol for calcium?

Ca Signup and view all the answers

What are electrolytes?

Na, K, CO2, Cl Signup and view all the answers

What is glucose?

C6 H12 O6 Signup and view all the answers

What does GTT stand for?

Glucose tolerance test Signup and view all the answers

What does Hct stand for?

Hematocrit Signup and view all the answers

What does Hgb refer to?

Hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What does LD stand for?

Lactate dehydrogenase Signup and view all the answers

What is PTT?

Partial thromboplastin time Signup and view all the answers

What does acid phosphatase refer to?

Liver enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What does alkaline phosphatase refer to?

Alk phos Signup and view all the answers

What is ammonia represented as?

NH4 Signup and view all the answers

What is bilirubin?

Signup and view all the answers

What does TID stand for?

Three times a day Signup and view all the answers

What does TPR refer to?

Temp, pulse, respiration Signup and view all the answers

What does TUR stand for?

Transureter resection Signup and view all the answers

What does VDRL test for?

Venereal disease test Signup and view all the answers

What does WBC stand for?

White blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does mEq/L stand for?

Milliequivalents per liter Signup and view all the answers

What does mg stand for?

Milligrams Signup and view all the answers

What does mL represent?

Milliliters Signup and view all the answers

What does MLT stand for?

Medical lab technician Signup and view all the answers

What does O&P refer to?

Ova & parasites Signup and view all the answers

What does Pc stand for?

After a meal Signup and view all the answers

What does PKU refer to?

Phenylketonuria Signup and view all the answers

What does QNS stand for?

Quantity not sufficient Signup and view all the answers

What does RBC stand for?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does sed rate stand for?

Sedimentation rate Signup and view all the answers

What is rapid plasma reagin?

RPR Signup and view all the answers

What does Sp gr stand for?

Specific gravity Signup and view all the answers

What does stat mean in a medical context?

Immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is Hct?

Hematocrit Signup and view all the answers

What does HDL stand for?

High density lipoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What does HgB stand for?

Hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terms and Definitions

Anticoagulant: Prevents blood clotting by inhibiting coagulation mechanisms.
Apnea: Refers to the absence of breathing.
Atherosclerosis: Condition involving the hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup.
Asepsis: A state of being free from germs and infection.
Bacteriostatic: A property that refers to preventing the growth of bacteria, often related to sterile conditions.
Bradycardia: Heart rate that is slower than 60 beats per minute (BPM).
Carcinoma: A type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells, leading to tumor formation.
Cardiology: Medical specialty focused on diagnosing and treating heart conditions.
Cardiovascular: Pertains to the heart and blood vessels collectively.
Centrifuge: Laboratory equipment used to separate substances by spinning them at high speeds.
Cephalgia: Medical term for a headache, indicating pain in the head.
Clot: A mass formed from fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen, and platelets during coagulation.
Coagulate: The process of blood changing from a liquid to a gel, leading to clot formation.
Communicable: Diseases that can be transmitted from one individual to another, often referring to infectious diseases.
Crenated: Describes red blood cells that have a notched or scalloped appearance, often due to dehydration.
Acrocyanosis: A condition characterized by blue discoloration of hands and feet due to reduced blood flow, common in cold exposure or diabetes.
Adenoma: A benign tumor associated with glandular tissue, specifically lymph nodes in this context.
Aerobic: Processes or organisms that require oxygen.
Anaerobic: Processes or organisms that can live without oxygen.
Anastomosis: Surgical connection between two tubular structures, such as blood vessels or sections of the intestine.
Anemia: A condition marked by low levels of red blood cells and/or low iron levels.
Gastroenterology: Branch of medicine focused on the digestive system, particularly the intestines.
Gastrointestinal: Refers to anything related to the digestive tract.
Geriatric: Relates to the aging population and study of their health and treatment.
Germicide: Agents that eliminate or sterilize germs and pathogens.
Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the nephron, affecting kidney function.
Gram Stain: A laboratory technique to classify bacteria based on their cell wall characteristics.
Gynecology: Medical specialty focused on women's reproductive systems.
Hematology: The study of blood, including its functions and diseases.
Hematoma: A localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, often due to injury.
Hemolysis: The breakdown or destruction of red blood cells.
Hemophilia: A hereditary disorder affecting blood clotting, leading to excessive bleeding.
Hemorrhage: Profuse bleeding, often requiring immediate medical intervention.
Hepatic: Pertaining to the liver's functions and diseases.
Hepatomegaly: Enlargement of the liver, which can indicate various health issues.
Hormone: Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate biological processes.
Hyperkalemia: Condition characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood.
Hypernatremia: High sodium concentration in the blood.
Hypochromatic: Refers to red blood cells that are paler than normal, indicating possible anemias.
Hypokalemia: Low potassium levels in the blood, which can cause muscle weakness and other issues.
Hyponatremia: Low sodium concentration in the blood, potentially causing neurological issues.
Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus and potentially surrounding structures.
Ileitis: Inflammation of the ileum, the last portion of the small intestine.
Incubation: The period required for the growth of bacteria under controlled heat.
Infarct: Region of tissue that becomes necrotic due to inadequate blood supply, commonly in cardiac tissue.
Infection: An inflammatory response often indicated by redness, swelling, and increased white blood cell counts.
Oncology: The medical field focused on the study and treatment of cancer.
Ophthalmology: Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.
Otitis: Inflammation of the ear, which can lead to various complications.
Palpate: To examine or feel internal organs by applying controlled pressure.
Pharyngitis: Inflammation or infection of the pharyngeal membrane, often causing a sore throat.
Serology: The study of blood serum for diagnostic purposes.
Thrombophlebitis: Inflammation of a vein due to the presence of a blood clot.
Urology: The branch of medicine focused on urinary tract disorders.
Neoplasm: An abnormal growth of tissue, commonly referred to as a tumor.
Nephritis: Inflammation or infection of the nephron within the kidney.
Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle, which can affect its function.
Monilia: Refers to yeast infections, often caused by Candida species.
Lysis: The breakdown or separation of cells or tissues.
Lipemic: Condition marked by elevated levels of lipids (fat) in the blood.
Leukocytosis: An increase in white blood cells, often indicating infection or stress.
Ketosis: A metabolic state wherein ketones accumulate in the body due to fat utilization for energy.
Isolation: The protective measure to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
Ischemia: Reduced blood flow to an area, potentially leading to tissue damage.
Bleeding Time: Diagnostic test measuring the time taken for bleeding to stop, assessing clotting ability.
Blood Culture: A test to identify organisms present in the blood.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): A test to evaluate kidney function by measuring nitrogen waste in blood.
Calcium (Ca): An essential mineral for various physiological processes, such as bone health.
Electrolytes: Include sodium (Na), potassium (K), carbon dioxide (CO2), and chloride (Cl); essential for cellular function.
Glucose (C6H12O6): A simple sugar that serves as a primary energy source for the body.
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT): A diagnostic test to assess glucose metabolism.
Hematocrit (Hct): Ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood.
Hemoglobin (Hgb): The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Lactic Dehydrogenase (LD): An enzyme involved in energy production; elevated levels may indicate tissue damage.
Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT): A blood test assessing blood coagulation pathways.
Acid Phosphatase: Enzymes found primarily in the prostate, a marker for certain diseases.
Alkaline Phosphatase: Enzyme linked to various conditions, often related to liver and bone health.
Ammonia (NH4): A waste product from protein metabolism, elevated levels indicate liver dysfunction.
Bilirubin: A substance produced from the breakdown of red blood cells; high levels can indicate liver issues.
TID: Medical abbreviation meaning "three times a day."
TPR: Acronym for temperature, pulse, respiration, vital signs measured in health assessments.
Transureter Resection (TUR): Surgical procedure for diagnosing and treating bladder cancer.
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL): A test for syphilis by detecting antibodies.
WBC: Acronym for white blood cells, integral for immune response.
mEq/L: Measurement unit for electrolytes in a liter of solution.
mg: Abbreviation for milligrams, a unit of mass.
mL: Abbreviation for milliliters, a unit of volume.
Medical Lab Technician (MLT): Professional responsible for collecting and analyzing medical samples.
O&P: Stands for ova and parasites, a test for gastrointestinal infections.
Pc: Latin for "Post Cibum," meaning after meals.
PKU: Phenylketonuria, a congenital condition causing amino acid buildup; managed through dietary changes.
QNS: Quantity Not Sufficient, indicating inadequate sample volume for testing.
RBC: Acronym for red blood cells, crucial for oxygen transport.
Sed Rate: Measurement of the inflammation level in the body.
Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR): A screening test for syphilis.
Specific Gravity (Sp gr): Measurement used to evaluate urine concentration.
Stat: Medical term indicating immediate action or response.
Hct: Abbreviation for hematocrit, measuring blood composition

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Test your knowledge on essential medical terms with this quiz. Each term includes its definition to enhance your understanding of health-related concepts. Perfect for students and professionals in the healthcare field.