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Questions and Answers
What does the root 'dent' or 'odonto' refer to?
What does the root 'dent' or 'odonto' refer to?
Gingivitis refers to the inflammation of the intestines.
Gingivitis refers to the inflammation of the intestines.
False
What is the meaning of the root 'hepat'?
What is the meaning of the root 'hepat'?
liver
The term 'emesis' refers to __________.
The term 'emesis' refers to __________.
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Match the following medical roots with their meanings:
Match the following medical roots with their meanings:
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Which term refers to the surgical removal of the jejunum?
Which term refers to the surgical removal of the jejunum?
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Dyspepsia means difficulty in digestion.
Dyspepsia means difficulty in digestion.
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What does the term 'proctalgia' mean?
What does the term 'proctalgia' mean?
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What does the term 'Hema' refer to in medical terminology?
What does the term 'Hema' refer to in medical terminology?
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Eosinophilia signifies a decreased count of eosinophils.
Eosinophilia signifies a decreased count of eosinophils.
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What does the prefix 'Inter' mean?
What does the prefix 'Inter' mean?
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What is the meaning of 'cyte' in medical terminology?
What is the meaning of 'cyte' in medical terminology?
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'Ectopic' refers to a location inside the body.
'Ectopic' refers to a location inside the body.
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A ______ is a surgical removal of the spleen.
A ______ is a surgical removal of the spleen.
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Match the following terms with their meanings:
Match the following terms with their meanings:
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Which term describes the class of drugs that produce effects similar to the sympathetic nervous system?
Which term describes the class of drugs that produce effects similar to the sympathetic nervous system?
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'Post' means ______ or after.
'Post' means ______ or after.
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Adrenoceptor refers to a type of receptor for acetylcholine.
Adrenoceptor refers to a type of receptor for acetylcholine.
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Match the following prefixes with their meanings:
Match the following prefixes with their meanings:
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What does the prefix 'neuro' signify?
What does the prefix 'neuro' signify?
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Which prefix indicates a position at the front?
Which prefix indicates a position at the front?
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'Hypo' indicates a position above or elevated.
'Hypo' indicates a position above or elevated.
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What does 'Peri' refer to?
What does 'Peri' refer to?
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What does dextrocardia refer to?
What does dextrocardia refer to?
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Levorotatory means a material that rotates the plane of polarized light to the right.
Levorotatory means a material that rotates the plane of polarized light to the right.
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What does the prefix 'post-' indicate?
What does the prefix 'post-' indicate?
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The term _____ means fragmentation of a cell into separate parts.
The term _____ means fragmentation of a cell into separate parts.
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Which of the following terms means moving a limb towards the body's vertical axis?
Which of the following terms means moving a limb towards the body's vertical axis?
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Bilateral refers to two sides.
Bilateral refers to two sides.
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What does the prefix 'macro' refer to?
What does the prefix 'macro' refer to?
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Malodorous means having a pleasant odor.
Malodorous means having a pleasant odor.
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What is the meaning of the term 'dysmenorrhea'?
What is the meaning of the term 'dysmenorrhea'?
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The prefix 'oligo' means many.
The prefix 'oligo' means many.
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Hydrophobia refers to a pathological fear of __________.
Hydrophobia refers to a pathological fear of __________.
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Which of the following terms refers to a large colon?
Which of the following terms refers to a large colon?
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__________ refers to a condition of lower than normal blood pressure.
__________ refers to a condition of lower than normal blood pressure.
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The prefix 'adipo' refers to water.
The prefix 'adipo' refers to water.
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The term 'diplopia' refers to which medical condition?
The term 'diplopia' refers to which medical condition?
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What does 'steno' signify in medical terminology?
What does 'steno' signify in medical terminology?
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The prefix 'amphi' means single.
The prefix 'amphi' means single.
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What prefix is used to denote black color?
What prefix is used to denote black color?
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Study Notes
Digestive System Roots
- Stomat: means mouth; stomatitis means inflammation of the mouth, stomatomycosis means fungal infection of the mouth.
- Lingua or Glossa: means tongue; glossitis means tongue inflammation, sublingual means under the tongue.
- Dento or Odonto: means tooth; dentalgia means tooth pain, odontal means pertaining to teeth.
- Cheilo: means lip; cheiloplasty means surgical repair of lips.
- Gingivo: means gum; gingivitis means gum inflammation.
- Pharyng: means pharynx; pharyngitis means pharynx inflammation.
- Esophag: means esophagus; esophagitis means esophageal inflammation.
- Gastr: means stomach; gastrectomy means surgical removal of the stomach.
- Entero: means intestine; gastroenteritis means inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
- Dudeno: means duodenum (first part of small intestine); duodenal means pertaining to the duodenum, duodenal ulcers means ulcers in the duodenum.
- Jejuno: means jejunum (second part of small intestine); jejunectomy means surgical removal of the jejunum.
Genitourinary System Roots
- Nephr: means kidney; nephritis means kidney inflammation, nephrolithiasis means kidney stones.
- Ren: means kidney; suprarenal means above the kidney.
- Uretero: means ureter; ureteritis means ureter inflammation.
- Cyst: means bladder; cystitis means urinary bladder inflammation.
- Urethr: means urethra; urethritis means urethra inflammation.
- Uri: means urine; hematuria means bloody urine, anuria means lack of urine, urophobia means pathological fear of urine.
- Litho: means stone; lithotripsy means stone crushing.
- Oophor: means ovary; oophorectomy means surgical removal of the ovary.
- Salpingo: means fallopian tube; salpingitis means fallopian tube inflammation.
- Hyster: means uterus; hysteropexy means uterus fixation, hysterectomy means uterus removal.
- metr: means uterus; endometriosis means inflammation of the uterine wall (endometrium).
Hematopoietic, Lymphatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems Roots
- Cyte: means cell; erythrocyte means red blood cell, leucocyte means white blood cell, thrombocyte means blood platelet.
- Neutr: means neutrophil; neutropenia means decreased neutrophil count.
- Eosinophil: means acidophils; eosinophilia means increased eosinophil count.
- Basophil: refers to a type of white blood cell; in tissues, these are termed mast cells.
- Phago: means to eat; phagocytes are white blood cells that eat or engulf microorganisms and foreign particles; in circulation, these are termed monocytes.
- Hema or hemato: means blood; hematoma means a blood tumor, hematology means the science of blood.
- Lymph: means lymph; lymphocyte means lymph cell.
- Splen: means spleen; splenectomy means surgical removal of the spleen.
- Neuro: means nerve; neurotransmitter means chemical that transmits impulses between nerves or between a nerve and an effector organ.
- Ganglion: means ganglion; pre-ganglionic nerve is the nerve before ganglion, post-ganglionic nerve is the nerve after the ganglion.
Miscellaneous Roots
- Ceptor: means receptor; adrenoceptor means adrenergic receptor.
- Cholin: means acetylcholine; cholinergic nerve releases acetylcholine, cholinergic receptor's agonist is acetylcholine.
- Adren: means adrenaline or noradrenaline; adrenergic nerve or adrenergic receptor.
- Sympatho: means sympathetic; sympathomimetic drug produces actions similar to sympathetic nervous system stimulation.
- Parasympatho: means parasympathetic; parasympatholytic drug inhibits actions of parasympathetic stimulation.
- Autonomic: means involuntary; autonomic nervous system is the involuntary nervous system.
Prefixes Pertaining to Location
- Intra or in: inside; intracellular means inside cells, inhalation means drawing in breath.
- Inter: between; intercellular means between cells, intercostals means between ribs.
- Endo: within or inside; endometriosis means within the uterus, endocarditis means inflammation within the heart (endocardium).
- Peri, circum: around; pericarditis means around the heart, periocular means around the eye, circumcision means cutting around.
- Ec, exo or ecto: outside; ectopic pregnancy means pregnancy outside the uterine cavity, ectoparasite means a parasite outside the body, exocytosis means expelling particles outside a cell.
- Em or en: inside; empyema means pus inside a body cavity, encephalitis means inflammation of the brain.
- Retro: behind; retroperitoneal means behind the peritoneal cavity, retrocardial means behind the heart.
Prefixes Pertaining to Time
- Ante: before; antepartum means before childbirth.
- Pre or pro: before; prenatal means before birth, premenopausal means before menopause, premenstrual means before menstrual cycle, prodrug means a form that needs metabolism or conversion before being a drug.
- Post: after; postoperative means after surgery, postanaesthetic means after surgery.
Prefixes Pertaining to Negation
- A or an: without; anuria means no urine, atony means loss of muscle tone, anaesthesia means without feeling, afebrile means without fever, aseptic means without infection.
- Anti: against; antiemetic means a drug which stops emesis, antidiarrheal means against diarrhea.
Prefixes Pertaining to Amount and Comparison
- Mono or uni: single or one; monocyte means a single cell, unidirectional means has one direction.
- Bi or bis: two; bilateral refers to two sides.
- Tri: three; tricuspid valve has three parts.
- Quadri: four; quadriplegia means paralysis in all four limbs.
- Multi or poly: many or much; polyneuritis means inflammation in many nerves, multipara means a female that has four pregnancies.
- Semi or hemi: half; semiconscious means half conscious, hemiplegia means paralysis in one half of the body.
- Hypo: lower than normal; hypotension means low blood pressure.
- Hyper: above normal; hyperthyroidism means increased thyroid hormones, hyperemesis means excessive vomiting, hypertension means higher blood pressure.
- Homo or homeo: same; homomorphic means same shape, homeostasis means state of equilibrium in the body.
- Hetero: different; heterotypic means with different types.
- Allo: different; allopathy means different disease.
Prefixes Pertaining to Color
- Leuko or leuco: white; leukocytes means white cells, leukemia is cancer of leucocytes.
- Erythro: red; erythrocyte means red blood cell, erythema means redness.
- Cyan: blue; cyanosis means bluishness of skin.
- Melan: black; melanoma means a black tumor, melanocyte secretes black pigment melanin.
- Polio: gray; poliomyelitis means inflammation of gray matter in the brain.
- Chloro: green; chloroma means greenish yellow tumor originating from myeloid tissue.
- Cirrh: yellow; cirrhotic means yellowish (fibrotic).
- Glauco: gray; glaucoma means increased intra-ocular pressure.
Prefixes Pertaining to Size
- Micro: small; microcardia means a small heart, micro-organism means a small organism.
- Macro, mega or megalo: large; megaloblastic anemia means large blood cells, macromolecule means a large molecule, megacolon means a large colon, macroscopic means large and can be seen with naked eye.
Miscellaneous Prefixes
- Hydro: water; hydrophobia means pathological fear of water, dehydration means low body water content.
- Lipo or adipo: fat; lipoma means a fatty tumor, adipose tissue means fatty tissue.
- Dys: difficulty or pain; dysmenorrhea means difficult menstruation, dyspnea means difficult or painful breathing.
- Nox or noct: night; nocturnal enuresis means urination during night.
- Nycht: darkness; nychtophobia means pathological fear of darkness.
- Mal: bad; malodorous means having a bad odor.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key medical terminology roots, prefixes, and meanings. This quiz covers essential concepts including digestive, neurological, and hematological terms. Perfect for students in health-related courses or for anyone interested in medical language.
