Medical Terminology Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What does PCWP stand for?

  • Volume Control Pressure
  • Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (correct)
  • Pulmonary Artery Occluded Pressure
  • Pressure Control Ventilation

What does PAOP stand for?

  • Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure
  • Pulmonary Artery Occluded Pressure (correct)
  • Pulmonary Arterial Pressure
  • Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure

What is a Swanz-Ganz catheter?

A soft, flexible catheter inserted through a vein into the pulmonary artery.

What does PAWP equal?

<p>LVEDP</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal CVP range?

<p>4-8 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal RVP range?

<p>20-30 over 0 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the RVP waveform look?

<p>Slow VT with anacrotic (L sided) notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal PAP range?

<p>20-30 over 10 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the PAP waveform look?

<p>Slow VT with dicrotic (R sided) notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the PCWP waveform look?

<p>V fib</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal PCWP range?

<p>10-12 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal respiratory rate (RR) of a vent?

<p>f</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal respiratory rate (f) for vents?

<p>8-12 bpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PIP stand for?

<p>Peak Inspiratory Pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high PIP indicate?

<p>Airway resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Pplat stand for?

<p>Plateau pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines Pplat?

<p>Lung compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal I:E ratio?

<p>1:2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the I:E ratio in obstructive disease (COPD, Asthma)?

<p>1:3 or 1:4</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal PEEP in ARDS?

<p>8-12 cmH20</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the max PEEP?

<p>20 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does VC stand for?

<p>Volume control</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PC stand for?

<p>Pressure control</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of PC?

<p>Lower risk than VC (A), Recruits alveoli (C), Prolongs inspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PRVC stand for?

<p>Pressure Regulated Volume Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PRVC do?

<p>Targets tidal volume, provides best mix of inspiratory time and pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AC stand for?

<p>Assist control</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is AC used for?

<p>All the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does AC do?

<p>Targets tidal volume, can be patient or ventilator initiated, higher risk of barotrauma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SIMV stand for?

<p>Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does SIMV do?

<p>Patient can initiate breaths on their own; machine maintains minimum frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of SIMV?

<p>Used for vent weaning, less risk of barotrauma, preserve muscles of ventilation, good for short-term use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PS stand for?

<p>Pressure support</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PS do?

<p>Provides additional pressure; can be added to SIMV or used alone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of PS?

<p>Used for weaning, helps the patient overcome tube resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high-pressure alarm indicate?

<p>Most common; indicates obstruction; possibly pneumothorax, obstruction, or cough.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a low pressure/low TV alarm indicate?

<p>Common; did not hit volume, or some exhalation; check for leaks, cuff issues, or detachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high RR alarm indicate?

<p>Patient awake, kink, water in the tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an apnea alarm indicate?

<p>Disconnected vent or apnea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organizations are in charge of Air Med?

<p>Both A and B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the rules for different aircraft?

<p>Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the top 3 causes of Air Med crashes?

<p>Pilot Error (A), Weather (B), Night Ops (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FAR 91 cover?

<p>Non-commercial passengers/patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PIC stand for?

<p>Pilot in Command</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a red light indicate?

<p>Left (port)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a green light indicate?

<p>Right (starboard)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of hours from last drink to flying?

<p>8 Hours bottle to throttle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the max BAC?

<p>0.04 g/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does FAR Part 135 cover?

<p>Operating requirements: commuter and on-demand operations and rules governing persons on board such aircraft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who does FAR 135 apply to?

<p>All flight crew members</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a rest period?

<p>Time free from all work</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical crew duty period?

<p>24 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical crew rest period per duty period?

<p>8 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical crew extension?

<p>0 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pilot duty period?

<p>12 hrs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Measurements

  • PCWP: Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, indicative of left atrial pressure.
  • PAOP: Pulmonary artery occluded pressure, often used interchangeably with PCWP.
  • Swanz-Ganz Catheter: A soft, flexible catheter used to measure pressures in the pulmonary artery.
  • PAWP: Pulmonary artery wedge pressure is equivalent to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP).
  • Normal PCWP: Ranges from 10-12 mmHg.
  • Normal CVP: Central venous pressure should be 4-8 mmHg.
  • Normal RVP: Right ventricular pressure is typically 20-30 mmHg over 0 mmHg.
  • Normal PAP: Pulmonary artery pressure measures 20-30 mmHg over 10 mmHg.

Respiratory Parameters

  • High Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP): Indicates increased airway resistance.
  • Plateau Pressure (Pplat): Determines lung compliance.
  • Normal I:E Ratio: A ratio of 1:2 is typical for healthy individuals; adjustments are needed for obstructive diseases.
  • I:E Ratio in Obstructive Disease: In patients with COPD or asthma, the ratio can expand to 1:3 or 1:4.
  • Normal PEEP: Positive end-expiratory pressure in ARDS ranges from 8-12 cmH20.

Ventilation Modes

  • Volume Control (VC): A method of ventilation that delivers a preset volume.
  • Pressure Control (PC): A ventilation mode that delivers a set pressure.
  • Assist Control (AC): Used for post-cardiac arrest, ARDS, and paralytic patients, targets tidal volume and can be initiated by the patient or the ventilator.
  • Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV): Allows patients to initiate breaths while ensuring minimum ventilation requirements are met.
  • Pressure Support (PS): Offers additional pressure during spontaneous breaths to aid in overcoming endotracheal tube resistance.

Ventilation Alarms

  • High Pressure Alarm: The most common alarm indicating obstruction, possible reasons include pneumothorax or coughing.
  • Low Pressure/Low Tidal Volume Alarm: Signifies inadequate volume delivery; check for leaks or disconnections.
  • High Respiratory Rate Alarm: Could indicate patient distress or equipment issues like kinks.
  • Apnea Alarm: Triggered by disconnection from the ventilator or lack of respiratory effort.

Air Medical Operations

  • Organizations: FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and CAMTS (Commission for the Accreditation of Medical Transport Systems) govern air medical transport.
  • FAA Regulations: Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) outline rules for various aircraft operations.
  • Top Causes of Air Med Crashes: Major contributing factors include pilot error, adverse weather, and nighttime operations.

Pilot Regulations

  • FAR 91: Covers regulations for non-commercial passengers and patients during flight.
  • Max Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC): Legal limit set at 0.04 g/dL.
  • Hours from Last Drink to Flying: Minimum of 8 hours is required ("bottle to throttle").
  • Pilot Command: Refers to the "Pilot in Command" (PIC).

Crew Regulations

  • Medical Crew Duty Period: Set at 24 hours for medical flight crews.
  • Medical Crew Rest Period: Minimum required rest period of 8 hours.
  • Pilot Duty Period: Max of 12 hours for pilots, ensuring fatigue management in flight operations.

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Description

This quiz covers key medical terms related to pulmonary measurements and devices. It includes definitions of important acronyms and instruments such as PCWP, PAOP, and the Swanz-Ganz catheter. Ideal for students and professionals in medical fields.

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