Medical Terminology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'anticoagulant' refer to?

Helps prevent clotting (correct)

Increases blood flow

Causes infection

None of the above

What does 'apnea' mean?

Without breath

What is 'atherosclerosis'?

Formation of blood clots

Inflammation of the arteries

Hardening of the arteries (correct)

Weakening of the veins

What does 'asepsis' refer to?

Free of germs Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'bacteriostatic'?

Sterile Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bradycardia' mean?

Abnormally slow heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'carcinoma'?

Tumor forming Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cardiology' study?

The study of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cardiovascular' pertain to?

Pertaining to the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a 'centrifuge'?

To spin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cephalgia' mean?

Headache Signup and view all the answers

What is 'clot'?

Formation of fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen, and platelet plug Signup and view all the answers

What does 'coagulate' mean?

Formation of fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen, and platelet plug Signup and view all the answers

What does 'communicable' mean?

Transmitted viruses or disease Signup and view all the answers

What does 'crenated' describe?

Notched cells, just like RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is 'acrocyanosis'?

Loss of blood flow to the extremities where the hands and feet turn blue Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'adenoma'?

Lymph node tumor Signup and view all the answers

What does 'aerobic' mean?

With oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anaerobic' mean?

Without oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'anastomosis' refer to?

To attach Signup and view all the answers

What is 'anemia'?

Low RBC, low iron Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastroenterology' study?

Study of the intestinal system Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastrointestinal' pertain to?

Pertaining to the intestine or the digestive system Signup and view all the answers

What does 'geriatric' mean?

Pertaining to the elderly Signup and view all the answers

What does 'germicide' do?

Sterilizes and eliminates germs Signup and view all the answers

What is 'glomerulonephritis'?

Inflammation of the nephron Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gram strain' do?

Elucidates bacteria with a strain Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gynecology' study?

Study of the female reproductive system Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hematology' study?

Study of the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hemolysis'?

Separation of the blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemophilia' refer to?

Hereditary disease of the blood in which the clotting mechanisms are absent Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hemorrhage'?

Profuse blood flow and/or bleeding out Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hepatic' pertain to?

Pertaining to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hepatomegaly'?

Enlarged liver Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'hormone'?

Endocrine secretion Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hyperkalemia' mean?

Increased potassium Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypernatremia' mean?

Increased sodium Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypochromic' describe?

Pale red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypokalemia' mean?

Decreased potassium Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hyponatremia' refer to?

Low sodium Signup and view all the answers

What is 'ileitis'?

Inflammation of the ileum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'incubation' refer to?

Growth time using heat Signup and view all the answers

What is an 'infarct'?

Dead cardiac muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'oncology' study?

Study of cancer Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ophthalmology' refer to?

Study of the eyes Signup and view all the answers

What is 'otitis'?

Inflammation of the ears Signup and view all the answers

What does 'palpate' mean?

To apply controlled pressure to internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pharyngitis'?

Inflammation/infection of the pharyngeal membrane Signup and view all the answers

What does 'serology' study?

Study of the blood serum Signup and view all the answers

What is 'thrombophlebitis'?

Inflammation of the vein from a blood clot Signup and view all the answers

What does 'urology' study?

The study of the urinary tract Signup and view all the answers

What is 'neoplasm'?

Growth/tumor Signup and view all the answers

What is 'nephritis'?

Infection/inflammation of the nephron Signup and view all the answers

What is 'myocarditis'?

Inflammation of the myocardium (muscle layer of the heart) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'monilla' refer to?

Yeast or candidis Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lysis' mean?

Separation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lipemic' mean?

Excessive fat in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is 'leukocytosis'?

Increased white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is 'ketosis'?

Increase in ketones in the liver/blood or kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What does 'isolation' mean?

Protection from the spread of illness Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ischemia' refer to?

Loss of blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What is 'bleeding time'?

Test to determine clotting time of blood Signup and view all the answers

What does 'blood culture' reference?

Test to determine organism growing in blood Signup and view all the answers

What is 'blood urea nitrogen' abbreviated as?

BUN Signup and view all the answers

What does 'calcium' refer to in chemistry?

Ca Signup and view all the answers

What are 'electrolytes'?

Sodium, potassium, carbon dioxide, chloride Signup and view all the answers

What does 'glucose' refer to chemically?

C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'glucose tolerance test' abbreviated as?

GTT Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hematocrit' abbreviated as?

Hct Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hemoglobin' abbreviated as?

Hgb Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lactic dehydrogenase' refer to?

LD Signup and view all the answers

What is 'partial thromboplastin time' abbreviated as?

PTT Signup and view all the answers

What is 'acid phosphatase' used for?

Liver enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is 'alkaline phosphatase' abbreviated as?

Alk Phos Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for 'ammonia'?

NH3 Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bilirubin' refer to?

Liver enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What does 'T.I.D.' mean?

Three times a day Signup and view all the answers

What does 'T.P.R.' measure?

Temperature, pulse, respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is 'TUR'?

Transureter resection Signup and view all the answers

What does 'VDRL' stand for?

Venereal disease test Signup and view all the answers

What does 'WBC' stand for?

White blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mEq/L' represent?

Milliequivalents per liter Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mg' stand for?

Milligrams Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mL' stand for?

Milliliters Signup and view all the answers

What is 'MLT'?

Medical lab technician Signup and view all the answers

What does 'O & P' stand for?

Ova & parasites Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Pc' mean?

After a meal Signup and view all the answers

What does 'PKU' stand for?

Phenylketonuria Signup and view all the answers

What does 'QNS' mean?

Quantity not sufficient Signup and view all the answers

What does 'RBC' stand for?

Red blood cell Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sed rate' measure?

Sedimentation rate Signup and view all the answers

What is 'rapid plasma reagin' abbreviated as?

RPR Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Sp gr' refer to?

Specific gravity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Stat' mean?

Immediately Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Hct' stand for?

Hematocrit Signup and view all the answers

What does 'HDL' stand for?

High-density lipoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What does 'HgB' stand for?

Hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Hs' represent?

Hour of sleep Signup and view all the answers

What does 'IM' stand for?

Intramuscular Signup and view all the answers

What does 'I & O' stand for?

Intake and output Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Flashcards Overview

Anticoagulants prevent blood clotting, crucial in managing thromboembolic disorders.
Apnea indicates a cessation of breathing, which can lead to serious medical conditions.
Atherosclerosis signifies the hardening of arteries, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Asepsis refers to a sterile condition free of germs, vital in surgical procedures and infection control.
Bacteriostatic describes agents that inhibit bacterial growth, instead of killing them.
Bradycardia characterizes a slower than normal heart rate, often a sign of underlying health issues.
Carcinoma denotes malignant tumors originating in epithelial cells, indicating various types of cancers.
Cardiology is the medical specialty focusing on the heart and circulatory system diseases.
Cardiovascular pertains to the system comprising the heart and blood vessels, central to overall health.
A centrifuge is a device used to spin substances rapidly for separation based on density.
Cephalgia is a medical term for headache, a common symptom with varied causes.
Clots are formations involving fibrin, fibrinogen, collagen, and platelets necessary for hemostasis.
Coagulation is critical for wound healing, involving a complex series of biochemical events.
Communicable diseases can be transmitted from one individual to another, emphasizing the need for public health initiatives.
Crenated cells exhibit notching, often seen in red blood cells under certain conditions.
Acrocyanosis leads to bluish discoloration of extremities due to inadequate blood flow, commonly observed in newborns or diabetic patients.
Adenoma represents a benign tumor usually found in glandular tissues, requiring observation for potential malignancy.
Aerobic processes require oxygen, while anaerobic processes do not, important distinctions in biology and medicine.
Anastomosis involves surgical connections between two structures, often blood vessels or intestines.
Anemia indicates low red blood cell counts and iron levels, affecting oxygen delivery in the body.
Gastroenterology studies the digestive system, addressing disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract.
Gastrointestinal refers to anything connected with digestion, essential for nutrient absorption and health.
Geriatric focuses on health issues and care for the elderly population, emphasizing the need for specialized knowledge.
Germicides sterilize surfaces and eliminate germs, crucial in healthcare settings to prevent infections.
Glomerulonephritis describes inflammation affecting the nephrons, impacting kidney function.
Gram staining is a laboratory technique aiding in the classification of bacteria by cell wall properties.
Gynecology is the field dedicated to female reproductive health, encompassing a range of medical issues.
Hematology pertains to blood studies, including blood disorders and their treatments.
Hemolysis signifies the destruction of red blood cells, leading to various clinical conditions.
Hemophilia is a hereditary blood disorder where clotting mechanisms are severely deficient, leading to excessive bleeding.
Hemorrhage refers to significant blood loss, requiring urgent medical intervention.
Hepatic relates to liver health and diseases, which are pivotal for metabolism and detoxification.
Hepatomegaly indicates an enlarged liver, often a sign of underlying disease or condition.
Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate a multitude of body functions.
Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia denote elevated and reduced potassium levels in the blood, respectively, affecting cardiac function.
Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels, which can lead to neurological issues.
Ileitis describes inflammation of the ileum, a section of the small intestine, affecting absorption.
Incubation time is crucial for identifying disease progression under controlled conditions.
Infarct refers to an area of dead tissue due to ischemia, often linked to heart attacks.
Oncology encompasses the study and treatment of cancer, a significant field in modern medicine.
Ophthalmology focuses on eye health, diagnosing and treating visual disorders.
Otitis describes ear inflammation, which can lead to pain and hearing issues.
Palpate involves applying pressure to assess internal organs, a basic clinical skill.
Pharyngitis signifies infection or inflammation of the pharyngeal membranes, leading to sore throat symptoms.
Serology is the study of blood serum, often used in diagnostic testing.
Thrombophlebitis indicates vein inflammation due to blood clots, requiring careful management.
Urology specializes in the urinary tract's health and disorders, important for both genders.
Neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth, either benign or malignant, requiring evaluation.
Nephritis indicates kidney inflammation or infection, affecting renal function.
Myocarditis is the inflammation of the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure.
Monilia refers to yeast infections, often caused by Candida species.
Lysis signifies the breakdown or separation of cells, a critical process in various biological activities.
Lipemic describes a condition with excessive fat in the blood, affecting laboratory test results.
Leukocytosis indicates an increase in white blood cells, suggesting infection or inflammation.
Ketosis occurs when there is an increase in ketone bodies, typically resulting from low carbohydrate intake.
Isolation protects individuals from contagious diseases, especially in hospital settings.
Ischemia describes reduced blood flow, leading to tissue damage if prolonged.
Bleeding time tests assess the efficiency of the blood clotting process.
Blood cultures determine the presence of organisms in blood, crucial for diagnosing infections.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) indicates kidney function and arterial health.
Electrolytes include essential ions like sodium and potassium, vital for cellular functions.
Glucose is a primary energy source, with normal levels being crucial for metabolism.
Glucose tolerance test (GTT) evaluates how the body metabolizes sugar, important for diagnosing diabetes.
Hematocrit (Hct) measures the proportion of blood volume occupied by red blood cells, indicating anemia or dehydration.
Hemoglobin (Hgb) signifies the protein in red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport.
Lactic dehydrogenase (LD) is an enzyme that rises in tissue damage, often used in cardiac assessments.
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) tests the intrinsic pathway of coagulation; used to monitor anticoagulant therapy.
Acid and alkaline phosphatase are liver enzymes significant in diagnosing liver diseases.
Ammonia (NH3) levels indicate liver function and can reflect severe metabolic disorders.
Bilirubin is a pigment produced from the breakdown of red blood cells; elevated levels may indicate liver dysfunction.
T.I.D. refers to medication prescribed three times daily.
T.P.R. encompasses vital signs: temperature, pulse, and respiration rate; fundamental indicators of health.
TUR stands for transureteral resection, often used in urological procedures.
VDRL is a test for syphilis; important for public health screening.
WBC indicates white blood cells, essential for immune function.
mEq/L stands for milliequivalents per liter, a unit for measuring ion concentration in fluids.
mg signifies milligrams, a measurement used in pharmacology and nutrition.
mL refers to milliliters, commonly used in liquid measurements.
MLT stands for medical lab technician, crucial for laboratory diagnostics.
O & P tests for ova and parasites, significant in diagnosing infections.
Pc denotes medication given after a meal, often for digestive or absorption reasons.
PKU refers to phenylketonuria, a genetic disorder impacting phenylalanine metabolism.
QNS indicates a sample quantity that is not sufficient for testing.
RBC signifies red blood cells, pivotal for oxygen transport in the body.
Sed rate measures the rate at which red blood cells settle, used as an inflammatory marker.
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) is a non-treponemal test for syphilis.
Sp gr refers to specific gravity, a measure of urine concentration or blood fluids.
Stat indicates immediate action required, commonly used in medical settings.
HDL represents high-density lipoproteins, beneficial for heart health.
Hgb is the abbreviation for hemoglobin, pivotal for oxygen transport.
Hs denotes hour of sleep, often recorded in medical notes to track sleep patterns.
IM signifies intramuscular injections, a method of delivering medication directly into the muscle.
I & O refers to intake and output measurements, important for monitoring fluid balance in patients.

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Test your knowledge of essential medical terminology with these flashcards that cover key concepts such as anticoagulants, apnea, and atherosclerosis. This quiz is perfect for healthcare students or professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of important terms in medicine.